ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The incidence of diabetes and prediabetes in the United States continues to increase. Oral health care professionals (OHCPs) play a role in diabetes screening and education. METHODS: The author presents and explores diet and lifestyle management strategies OHCPs can provide to patients who have prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). RESULTS: Modest weight loss (7 percent of body weight) and regular physical activity (150 minutes per week) are important in the prevention and treatment of prediabetes and T2DM. Following a carbohydrate-controlled diet that is limited in fat and cholesterol will help patients with T2DM achieve normoglycemia and reduce their risk of developing diabetes complications. CONCLUSIONS: The importance of using these strategies can be reinforced by OHCPs during office visits. OHCPs can collaborate with registered dietitians to improve the outcome of oral health through diabetes prevention, education and management. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Being familiar with risk factors for T2DM and recommendations for lifestyle modification strategies to prevent T2DM may help OHCPs educate patients and refer them for appropriate treatment and therapy.
Subject(s)
Dentists , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/prevention & control , Nutrition Therapy , Prediabetic State/prevention & control , Risk Reduction Behavior , Blood Glucose/analysis , Cholesterol, Dietary/administration & dosage , Counseling , Delivery of Health Care, Integrated , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/diet therapy , Diet, Carbohydrate-Restricted , Diet, Fat-Restricted , Humans , Motor Activity , Patient Education as Topic , Prediabetic State/diet therapy , Weight LossABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To determine the effectiveness of a 12-week workplace intervention program (WIP) focused on weight loss and reduction of cardiovascular risk factors on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and the effect of delivery method on outcomes. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of data collected in a 12-week trial comparing in-person (IP) and Internet-based (IB) intervention to identify the impact on HRQOL by utilizing the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention HRQOL-14 questionnaire. RESULTS: Repeated-measure analysis of variance indicated no significant intervention effect for HRQOL by group assignment. Within subjects, significant main effect was noted for improvement in Summative Index of unhealthy days, sleeplessness, and vitality days at weeks 12 and 26. At week 26, significant main effect was found for improved mentally unhealthy and depression days. CONCLUSIONS: Improvement in HRQOL following a 12-week university-based WIP can occur independent of method of delivery (IP vs IB).
Subject(s)
Quality of Life , Weight Reduction Programs/statistics & numerical data , Workplace/statistics & numerical data , Adult , Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology , Cardiovascular Diseases/ethnology , Depression/epidemiology , Depression/ethnology , Female , Health Promotion/methods , Humans , Internet , Male , Middle Aged , Overweight/epidemiology , Overweight/ethnology , Prevalence , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Sleep Wake Disorders/epidemiology , Sleep Wake Disorders/ethnology , Treatment Outcome , Weight Loss , Young AdultABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To determine the effectiveness of the 12-week workplace intervention (WIP) on energy intake, weight, physical activity (PA) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and the effect of delivery method on outcomes. METHODS: A prospective clinical trial of a 12-week WIP comparing In-person and Internet-based delivery. All subjects received identical intervention with dietitian visits at baseline and weeks 6, 12 and 26. Subjects included overweight/obese academic health science center employees. Changes in weight, PA and CVD-risk were primary outcomes. RESULTS: There was no significant treatment effect repeated-measure-ANOVA. Within subjects, significant main effects indicating improvement were noted at week-12 in weight, WC, body-fat, HRQOL and energy intake and at week-26 in weight, WC, body-fat, HRQOL, energy intake and systolic and diastolic BP. CONCLUSIONS: Improvements in some outcomes following a 12-week WIP were independent of delivery method.
