Link between the referring physician and breast and cervical cancers screening: a cross-sectional study in France.

BACKGROUND: The aims of the "médecin traitant" or referring physician (RP) reform, introduced in France in 2004, were to improve the organisation and quality of care and to allow for greater equity, particularly in terms of prevention. The objective of our study was to evaluate the effect of having a declared RP on the uptake of screening for breast and cervical cancers, and to explore the mechanisms involved. METHODS: We used an existing dataset of 1,072,289 women, which combines data from the Health Insurance information systems, with census data. We built multivariable logistic regression models to study the effect of having a RP on the uptake of mammography and pap smear, adjusted for age, socio-economic level, health status and healthcare provision. We secondarily added to this model the variable "having consulted a General Practitioner (GP) within the year". Finally, we evaluated the interaction between the effect of having a referring physician and the area of residence (metropolitan/urban/rural). RESULTS: Patients who had a declared RP had a significantly higher uptake of mammography and pap smear than those who did not. The strength of the association was particularly important in very urban areas. The effect of having visited a GP seemed to explain a part of the correlation between having a RP and uptake of screening. CONCLUSIONS: Lower rates of gynaecological screening among women without an RP compared to those with an RP may partly reflect a specific behaviour pattern in women less adherent to the health care system. However, this result also shows the importance of the RP, who assumes the key role of relaying public health information in a more personalised and adapted way.

Study protocol of the CREDO randomised controlled trial: evaluation of a structured return home consultation for patients suffering from metastaticcancer.

INTRODUCTION: Patients suffering from cancer are often managed by multiple health professionals. General practitioners with specific skills in oncology could facilitate care coordination between hospital and general practice in the management of these patients. To explore this hypothesis, we run a randomised clinical trial, called 'Concertation de REtour à DOmicile, CREDO'. The main objective is to explore the effectiveness of a 'return home' consultation compared with standard care. The number of unscheduled visits to care centres is used to evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: CREDO is a multicentre, randomised, open-label, prospective trial. It takes place in two specialised cancer care centres in southern France (Occitania region). Patient inclusion criteria are: be over 18 years old; be treated with a first cycle of metastatic chemotherapy in a specialised cancer care centre; have a metastatic solid cancer and be returning home after treatment. Patients are randomised in two arms: standard-arm (conventional management) or intervention-arm (CREDO management). In the intervention arm, a 'return home' consultation is carried out in three steps. First, the investigating GP (GP with specific skills in oncology) from the specialised care centre collects information about the patient and patient's management choices. Then, the investigating GP conducts an interview with the patient's referring GP to quickly communicate and discuss information about the patient. Finally, the investigating GP summarises these exchanges and transmits this information to the care centres chosen by the patient.All the patients are followed for 1 year.Statistical and medicoeconomic analysis are planned. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This clinical trial is registered under ClinicalTrials.gov identifier and was approved by the ethics committee of South-Western French Committee for the Protection of Persons (number: 2016-A01587-44) and from the French National Drug Safety Agency (ANSM, number: 2016111500034).An international publication of the final results and conference presentations will be planned. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT02857400.

Interaction between patient and general practitioner according to the patient body weight: a cross-sectional survey.

OBJECTIVE: To analyse whether patient-general practitioner (GP) interaction, measured by their disagreement, varies among overweight or obese patients compared with normal-weight patients. METHODS: Twenty-seven GPs and 585 patients participated in the quantitative phase of the multidisciplinary INTERMEDE project and answered "mirrored" questionnaires collecting both GPs and patients' perceptions on information and advice given at the end of the consultation. Multilevel logistic regressions were performed to explore associations between patient body mass index (BMI) and patient-GP disagreement on information and advice given during the consultation. RESULTS: Disagreement increased with the patients' excess weight, and it was particularly pronounced for advice given by GPs on weight and lifestyle issues. Compared with patients with a "normal" BMI, overweight patients were more likely to disagree with their GP regarding advice given on weight loss (odds ratio [OR] = 10.7, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 4.1-27.3), advice given on doing more physical activity (OR = 1.9, 95% CI = 1.1-3.4), and nutritional advice (OR = 2.9, 95% CI = 1.5-5.6). CONCLUSION: These disagreements could degrade the quality of patient-physician relationship. Our study provides an opportunity for GPs to reflect on how they communicate with overweight and obese patients, particularly with regard to lifestyle and weight-related advice and interventions taking into account the patient's representations.

Women's health in migrant populations: a qualitative study in France.

BACKGROUND: In 2019, there are 6.5 million migrants living in France. Numerous quantitative studies show inequalities in access and quality of care, in particular in women's health. This study aimed to explore migrant women's experience of gynaecological care. METHODS: We conducted 17 semi-structured in-depth interviews with migrant women in Toulouse (France). We used a Grounded Theory approach to perform the analysis. RESULTS: Although migrant women were generally satisfied with the gynaecological care received, they also reported dysfunctions. Positive elements were the French health insurance system, the human qualities of the healthcare providers and the performance of the health system. Although reassuring, the structured framework was perceived to have little flexibility. This was sometimes felt as oppressive, paternalistic or discriminatory. These obstacles, amplified by the women's lifestyle instability and precariousness, the language barrier and the difficulty to understand a totally new healthcare system, made women's health care and, especially, preventive care, a difficult-to-achieve and low-priority objective for the women. CONCLUSIONS: Migrant women's overall satisfaction with the healthcare system contrasted with the known health inequalities in these populations. This is a good example of the concept of acculturation. Healthcare professionals need to make an introspective effort to prevent the emergence of stereotypes and of discriminatory and paternalistic behaviours. A better understanding and respect of the other person's culture is an indispensable condition for intercultural medicine, and thus for reducing the health inequalities that migrant women experience.

Experimental system of care coordination for the home return of patients with metastatic cancer: a survey of general practitioners.

BACKGROUND: To promote improved coordination between general practice and hospital, the French clinical trial CREDO ("Concertation de REtour à DOmicile") is testing an innovative experimental consultation for patients with metastatic cancer who are returning home. This consultation involves the patient, the patient's referring GP (GPref) and a GP with specific skills in oncology (GPonc) in a specialized care center. The objective of our study is to explore the satisfaction of GPsref about this consultation, in the phase of interaction between GPonc and GPref. METHODS: This observational, cross-sectional, multicenter study explored the satisfaction of GPsref who had participated in this type of consultation, via a telephone survey. RESULTS: One Hundred GPsref responded to the questionnaire between April and September 2019 (overall response rate: 55%). 84.5% were satisfied with the consultation, and the majority were satisfied with its methods. Half of the GPsref learned new information during the consultation, three-quarters noted an impact on their practice, and 94.4% thought that this type of coordination between the GPref and the oncology specialist could improve general practice - hospital coordination. CONCLUSIONS: For GPs, the CREDO consultation seems to be practical and effective in improving the coordination between general medicine and hospital. GPs would benefit from such coordination for all patients with cancer, several times during follow-up and at each occurrence of a medically significant event.

Adapting patients' oncological treatment through remote participation of general practitioners in multi-disciplinary consultation meetings: A feasibility study.

BACKGROUND: The general practitioner (GP) is central to managing patients with cancer, whose numbers are increasing worldwide. The GP's involvement requires better coordination between involved partners, in particular oncologists and GPs. OBJECTIVES: To conduct a feasibility study of remote participation of GPs in multi-disciplinary consultation meetings (MCMs). We analysed participation, participants' satisfaction, and their impact on therapeutic decisions. METHODS: We conducted a feasibility study in the regional cancer centre of Toulouse, France. All patient cases discussed in the MCMs for myelodysplasia from 1 January to 31 March 2016 were included. Cases of patients aged over 18 years, with a diagnosis of myelodysplasia and registered with a GP were included if patients gave informed consent. One investigator collected the data provided by GPs during three telephone or video calls: before, during, and after the MCM, respectively. RESULTS: Of 86 patient cases discussed during three months of MCMs, 44 were eligible for GP participation; 27 GPs participated in discussions of 27 patient cases. The GP's participation in the MCM led to a change in management in five cases, with four times treatment intensifications and once de-intensification. Medical, social, family-related, and psychological domains were discussed with input from the GPs. Overall, all participants were satisfied with the MCMs. CONCLUSION: Remote participation of GPs in MCMs is feasible and may result in adapting oncological and haematological management for patients. This patient-centred approach requires a specific organisation that, when implemented, satisfies the needs of all participants.

Social and territorial inequalities in breast and cervical cancers screening uptake: a cross-sectional study in France.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the impact of socio-territorial characteristics on mammography and pap smear uptake according to the place of residence in the recommended age groups, and second outside the recommended age groups. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: We used an existing dataset of 1 027 039 women which combines data from the Health Insurance information systems, with census data from Midi-Pyrénées, France. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: Our outcome was, for each woman, the uptake of the pap smear and the uptake of the mammography during the year. RESULTS: A social gradient of screening uptake was found in the recommended age groups. This gradient was stronger in large urban areas:(1) For mammography: decile 10 (the most deprived) vs 1 (the least deprived), adjusted OR 0.777, 95% CI (0.748 to 0.808) in large urban area; adjusted OR= 0.808 for decile 1 to 0.726 for decile 10 in other areas vs decile 1 in urban areas;(2) For pap smear: decile 10 vs 1 adjusted OR 0.66, 95%CI (0.642 to 0.679) in large urban areas; adjusted OR= 0.747 for decile 1 to 0.562 for decile 10 in other areas vs decile 1 in urban areas).Screening rates were globally higher in large urban areas.For mammography, the social and territorial disparities were higher outside the recommended age group. CONCLUSIONS: Offering a universal approach to every woman, as it is often the case in nationally organised screening programmes, is likely to be insufficient to ensure real equity in access. Developing global dataset combining health data and diverse socioeconomic data, at individual and contextual levels, could enable a better understanding of the mechanisms involved in this social gradient, and therefore, the development of targeted territorial actions to improve equity of access to healthcare.

Small Private Online Course in Teaching Oncology-Feedback After 1 Year: What Lessons?

In response to the complexity of medical care in oncology, 2 years ago, we designed a new teaching method (SPOC, Small Private Online Course) to improve cancer treatment and its management by emphasizing the community-hospital interface. The educational objective of this study was to evaluate after 1 year if the interest for this teaching remained constant over the long term to meet both educational and financial requirements. We designed a questionnaire including 18 questions grouped in 3 main parts describing the profile of the participants, his/her own experience, and the current utilization of the SPOC. Of 1574 participants of the 2 first sessions, 182 (11.5%) completed the questionnaire after 1 year. The majority of respondents were between the ages of 31 and 60 and belonged to a paramedical group (47.81%). After 1 year, 84.6% participants were satisfied or very satisfied with the content of the SPOC, 83.6% would recommended it, and 67% would be interested in using an updated SPOC again. Only 4.9% kept some contacts with other participants and 4.9% with teachers. 31.3% considered that the SPOC had a medium impact on their professional activity, 33.5% a lot, and 2.7% completely whereas 24.7% considered that it had little impact. The evaluation at 1 year showed that this digital learning method had a global positive impact on the professional practice of the participants. This study highlighted the empowerment of participants after this kind of teaching, but the network between participants was not enhanced.

Inventory of tools for care coordination between general practice and hospital system for patients suffering from cancer in active phase of treatment: A scoping review.

INTRODUCTION: During the active phase of treatment, major difficulties appear in the transmission and quality of the information communicated to the General Practitioner (GP). Our objective was to carry out an inventory of the coordination tools used to improve exchanges between the hospital and the GP in the management of the patient suffering from cancer during this phase. MATERIAL AND METHOD: A scoping review was conducted using MEDLINE databases via PubMed, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science. Articles published between 1998 and 2018, in English and French, were analysed. RESULTS: Over 4,863 articles were extracted, and 11 studies were included. They highlight an increase in the quality of patient care after the introduction of information sheets or training by video vignettes with GPs. They demonstrate the importance of using standardised letters between health professionals. The role of a "leader physician" is discussed, and its first evaluations are positive. An increase in information transmitted to GPs leads to a better satisfaction of patients and GPs. CONCLUSION: Communication tools are essential for the transmission of information, but direct and oral communication between all health professionals seems to be a point to be further developed.

Improving communication between the general practitioner and the oncologist: a key role in coordinating care for patients suffering from cancer.

BACKGROUND: Patients suffering from cancers are increasingly numerous in general practice consultations. The General Practitioner (GP) should be at the heart of the management of patients. Several studies have examined the perceptions of GPs confronted with the patient suffering from cancer and the relationships of GPs with oncologists, but few studies have focused on the patients' perspective. We studied the three-way relationship between the oncologist, the GP, and the patient, from the patient's point of view. METHODS: A questionnaire validated by a group consisting of GPs, oncologists, nurses, an epidemiologist and quality analyst, was administered over a three-week period to patients suffering from cancer receiving chemotherapy in a day hospital. RESULTS: The analysis was based on 403 questionnaires. Patients had confidence in the GP's knowledge of oncology in 88% of cases; 49% consulted their GP for pain, 15% for cancer-related advice, and 44% in emergencies. Perceived good GP/oncologist communication led patients to turn increasingly to their GP for cancer-related consultations (RR = 1.14; p = 0.01) and gave patients confidence in the GP's ability to manage cancer-related problems (RR = 1.30; p < 0.01). Mention by the oncologist of the GP's role increased the consultations for complications (RR = 1.82; p < 0.01) as well as recourse to the GP in an emergency (RR = 1.35; p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Patients suffering from cancer considered that the GP was competent, but did not often consult their GP for cancer-related problems. There is a discrepancy between patients' beliefs and their behaviour. When the oncologist spoke to patients of the GP's role, patients had recourse to their GP more often. Systematically integrating a GP consultation to conclude cancer diagnosis disclosure, could improve management and care coordination.

Adverse events of targeted therapies reported by patients with cancer treated in primary care.

BACKGROUND: Targeted Therapies (TT) are among the therapeutic innovations for cancer treatment in outpatient settings. TT-related Adverse Events (AEs) are a source of loss of opportunity for patients if their management is inappropriate. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to describe the AE frequency and severity as reported by patients with cancer who received TT in ambulatory settings. A second objective was to describe the role of the general practitioner (GP) in the management of AEs. METHODS: All patients who started TT at a French Regional Cancer Centre in 2017-2018 were eligible for this 12-month prospective study. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed at inclusion and returned after three months. In the questionnaire, patients listed all AEs that occurred during this period and rated their severity. Occurrence and severity were compared with the rating by a specialised nurse. Patients also indicated the health professional they contacted first for the reported AE. RESULTS: Among the 247 eligible patients, 15 were excluded and 144 responded to the questionnaire. Fourteen different TTs have been prescribed. Asthenia (92.4%) and anorexia (64.6%) were the most frequent AE. Patients' AE severity rating was more severe than the nurse's rating for all drugs (p < 0.001). Patients first contacted their GP for 15.6% of AEs, whereas 20.7% of AEs were not reported to any health professional. CONCLUSION: Patients experienced an average of 4 AEs. AE severity rating was significantly different between patients and nurses. Patients do not always communicate AEs to health care professionals.

Collaboration Between GPs and Psychologists: Dissatisfaction from the Psychologists' Perspective-A Cross-Sectional Study.

Collaborative mental health practices in primary care significantly enhances patients' health. Collaboration between general practitioners (GPs) and psychologists could improve non-drug mental care. Little is known of psychologists' perception of GPs and their collaboration. This study aimed to assess the quality of collaboration between GPs and psychologists from the psychologists' perspective and to identify factors associated with satisfactory collaboration. A questionnaire was sent by post to all private psychologists in a region of France in February, 2017. We carried out descriptive and multivariate analysis of factors associated with satisfactory collaboration. The response rate was 38% (n = 434 out of 1128). Collaboration between GPs and psychologists was considered unsatisfactory by 64% (n = 278) of psychologists. The main barriers reported were lack of time, lack of understanding and poor interactions/communication. Sixty-nine percent of psychologists felt that GPs knew little about their work. Psychologists had professional exchanges with an average of three local GPs and received referral information for 12% of new patients. Out of 10 new patients, 2 were referred by a GP. In a multivariate analysis, satisfactory collaboration was significantly associated with the number of GPs psychologists exchanged with (OR 1.29), receipt of referral information (OR 2.18) and a positive assessment of GPs' understanding of psychologists' activity (OR 3.35). Psychologists considered the collaboration between GPs and psychologists as substandard, as well as GPs' knowledge of psychologists' activity. More interactions and better understanding would improve their collaboration.

Intensity of previous teaching but not diagnostic skills influences stigmatization of patients with substance use disorder by general practice residents. A vignette study among French final-year residents in general practice.

BACKGROUND: High levels of stigma towards patients with substance use disorder (SUD) have been found in health professionals and medical students. OBJECTIVES: To assess the capability of residents in general practice to diagnose SUD correctly; to assess their stigmatization of patients with SUD and to assess the correlation between both variables. We hypothesized a negative correlation. METHODS: In 2014, we conducted a cross-sectional survey among French residents in general practice, using a self-administered questionnaire. First, a clinical case of SUD (tramadol) was presented, to assess the diagnosis and retained diagnostic criteria. A second clinical vignette was presented (intravenous heroin user) to assess stigmatization with the Attitudes to Mental Illness Questionnaire (AMIQ). Its score ranges from -10 (negative attitude) to +10 (positive attitude). AMIQ scores of residents who diagnosed SUD correctly versus incorrectly, and who had received at least six hours versus less than six hours of teaching on this topic, were compared using Student's t-test. RESULTS: Of 1284 solicited residents, 303 participated (23.6%), 249 residents diagnosed SUD correctly (82.2%). The mean AMIQ score was -3.91 (SD 2.4) without significant difference regarding the correct diagnosis of SUD; but with a significant difference between residents who had received training in SUD for at least six hours versus residents less trained (AMIQ scores -3.76 (SD 2.46) versus -4.50 (SD 2.27), p = .0354). CONCLUSION: Residents in general practice had a good capacity to diagnose SUD correctly but on average expressed negative attitudes toward people with SUD. More SUD teaching seems to help in reducing stigmatizing attitudes.

The Impact of a Small Private Online Course as a New Approach to Teaching Oncology: Development and Evaluation.

BACKGROUND: Oncology involves complex care and multidisciplinary management of patients; however, misinformation and ineffective communication remain problematic. OBJECTIVE: The educational objective of our study was to develop a new teaching method to improve cancer treatment and management by emphasizing the link between hospitals (inpatients) and their surrounding communities (outpatients). METHODS: A team of 22 professionals from public and private institutions developed a small private online course (SPOC). Each offering of the course lasted 6 weeks and covered 6 topics: individual health care plans, cancer surgery, ionizing radiation, cancer medicines, clinical research, and oncological supportive care. For participants in the course, we targeted people working in the cancer field. The SPOC used an active teaching method with collaborative and multidisciplinary learning. A final examination was offered in each session. We evaluated participants' satisfaction rate through a questionnaire and the success of the SPOC by participants' completion, success, and commitment rates. RESULTS: Of the total participants (N=1574), 446 completed the evaluation form. Most participants were aged 31 to 45 years. Participants included 56 nurses, 131 pharmacists, 80 from the medical field (including 26 physicians), 53 from patients' associations, 28 health teachers, and 13 students (medical and paramedical). Among the participants, 24.7% (90/446) had an independent medical practice, 38.5% (140/446) worked in a public institution, and 36.8% (134/446) worked in a private institution. After completing the SPOC sessions, 85.9% (384/446) thought they had learned new information, 90.8% (405/446) felt their expectations were met, and 90.4% (403/446) considered that the information had a positive impact on their professional practice. The completion rate was 35.51% (559/1574), the success rate was 71.47% (1025/1574), and the commitment rate was 64.67% (1018/1574). Concerning the cost effectiveness of SPOC compared with a traditional classroom of 25 students, online education became more effective when there were more than 950 participants. CONCLUSIONS: SPOCs improved the management of oncology patients. This new digital learning technique is an attractive concept to integrate into teaching practice. It offered optimal propagation of information and met the students' expectations.

Assessment of cancers' diagnostic stage in a Deaf community - survey about 4363 Deaf patients recorded in French units.

BACKGROUND: Deaf people represent 0.1% of the French population and their access to public health campaigns is limited due to their frequent illiteracy and the infrequent use of sign language in campaigns. There is also a lack of general health knowledge in spite of the existence of French Deaf Care Units (UASS). The aim of this study is to assess the average diagnostic stage of cancer in the Deaf Community and discuss deafness as a contributing factor. METHODS: Four thousand three hundred sixty-three Deaf patients recorded in five UASS, 80 diagnosed between 2005/01/01 and 2014/12/31 were selected from medical records and/or ICD-10 coding. Data regarding cancers were extracted, grouped by stage and compared to literature. Statistical significance was tested with Fisher's Exact Test. RESULTS: Eighty patients were selected. Most cancers were diagnosed at advanced stages: of 11 prostate cancers, 46% were locally advanced and 18% were metastatic. (In the general population, this was respectively 3% and 10.4% (p < 0.01)). Of six colorectal cancers, 67% were diagnosed at stage III and 33% at stage IV. (Respectively 20.6% and 26.6% (p = 0.03) in the general population). In contrast, of the 15 breast cancers, 93% were diagnosed at stages T1-T3 that was earlier than in the general population (p = 0.43). CONCLUSION: In this study, we observed a delay cancer diagnosis among Deaf people. Complicated and/or non-systematic screening procedures for cancers would be involved. Which is most likely the result of many factors (communication, medical knowledge). Increasing UASS coverage and health information campaigns in sign language could assist in earlier cancer diagnosis.

Reliability and validity of the script concordance test for postgraduate students of general practice.

BACKGROUND: The script concordance test (SCT) is a validated method of examining students' clinical reasoning. Medical students' professional skills are assessed during their postgraduate years as they study for a specialist qualification in general practice. However, no specific provision is made for assessing their clinical reasoning during their postgraduate study. OBJECTIVE: The aim was to demonstrate the reliability and validity of the SCT in general practice and to determine if this tool could be used to assess medical students' progress in acquiring clinical reasoning. METHODS: A 135-question SCT was administered to postgraduate medical students at the beginning of their first year of specialized training in general practice, and then every six months throughout their three-year training, as well as to a reference panel of 20 expert general practitioners. For score calculation, we used the combined scoring method as the calculator made available by the University of Montreal's School of Medicine in Canada. For the validity, student' scores were compared with experts, p <.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: Ninety students completed all six assessments. The experts' mean score (76.7/100) was significantly higher than the students' score across all assessments (p <.001), with a Cronbach's alpha value of over 0.65 for all assessments. CONCLUSION: The SCT was found to be reliable and capable of discriminating between students and experts, demonstrating that this test is a valid tool for assessing clinical reasoning skills in general practice.

Le premier examen gynécologique idéal imaginé par les jeunes filles: Recherche qualitative par entrevues semi-dirigées.

OBJECTIF: Explorer les représentations sur l'examen gynécologique (EG) et identifier les critères nécessaires à son bon déroulement chez des adolescentes n'ayant pas encore vécu cet examen. TYPE D'ÉTUDE: Enquête qualitative par entrevues semi-dirigées. CONTEXTE: Midi-Pyrénées (France) et Auvergne (France). PARTICIPANTS: Jeunes filles de 15 à 19 ans qui n'ayant pas vécu l'EG. MÉTHODES: Le mode de recrutement de l'échantillon a été double : sélection des jeunes filles par la technique boule-de-neige et sélection par la technique d'échantillonnage ciblé jusqu'à l'obtention de la saturation des données tout en cherchant la variation maximale dans les profils des sujets. Les questions ouvertes portaient sur les sources d'informations, les connaissances, les critères de bon déroulement et l'imaginaire autour de l'EG. Le verbatim a fait l'objet d'une analyse longitudinale immédiate rassemblant le contexte (notes des chercheurs) et les idées principales de l'entretien. Une analyse transversale thématique a été réalisée. PRINCIPALES CONSTATATIONS: Une méconnaissance générale des jeunes filles sur l'EG entretenait l'imaginaire autour de cet examen perçu comme obligatoire. L'EG idéal, selon les jeunes filles interrogées, aurait lieu chez une jeune fille qui se sentirait prête, informée préalablement, pouvant être accompagnée selon son souhait. Cet examen se déroulerait dans un environnement chaleureux et confortable afin de diminuer le sentiment de vulnérabilité. La qualité du lien avec le médecin conditionnerait l'acceptation de cet examen par les jeunes filles. CONCLUSION: Une consultation dédiée à l'information, préalable à la consultation où a lieu l'EG, permettrait de diminuer les appréhensions, d'améliorer les connaissances des jeunes filles et de favoriser le bon déroulement du futur premier EG tant pour le médecin que pour la patiente.

Young women describe the ideal first pelvic examination: Qualitative research using semistructured interviews.

OBJECTIVE: To explore representations of the first pelvic examination (PE) among adolescents who had not yet had this examination and to identify their criteria for a positive experience of it. DESIGN: Qualitative study using semistructured interviews. SETTING: Midi-Pyrénées and Auvergne in France. PARTICIPANTS: Adolescents aged 15 to 19 years who had never had a PE. METHODS: Participants were recruited through snowball sampling and targeted sampling until data saturation was reached. Maximum variation was sought in the profiles of the study participants. Open-ended questions dealt with the interviewee's sources of information, knowledge of the PE, criteria for a positive PE experience, and representations of the PE itself. Verbatim transcripts were immediately subjected to longitudinal analysis with the context (researchers' notes) and key themes of the interview. Cross-sectional analysis was then performed. MAIN FINDINGS: Many adolescents lack knowledge about the PE and believe that it is mandatory. According to study participants, the ideal PE would take place when they felt ready. They would be given adequate information in advance and the option of being accompanied by a friend or family member. They described the ideal examining room as warm, comfortable, and reassuring. The quality of their relationship with the examining physician would also affect their acceptance of this examination. CONCLUSION: An information session before the consultation for the PE would make it possible to reduce the patient's apprehension, improve her level of knowledge, and set the right tone for the upcoming PE, both for her and for the physician.