ABSTRACT
A report published in 2000 from the Institute of Medicine revealed that medical errors were a leading cause of patient deaths, and urged the development of error detection and reporting systems. The field of radiation oncology is particularly vulnerable to these errors due to its highly complex process workflow, the large number of interactions among various systems, devices, and medical personnel, as well as the extensive preparation and treatment delivery steps. Natural language processing (NLP)-aided statistical algorithms have the potential to significantly improve the discovery and reporting of these medical errors by relieving human reporters of the burden of event type categorization and creating an automated, streamlined system for error incidents. In this paper, we demonstrate text-classification models developed with clinical data from a full service radiation oncology center (test center) that can predict the broad level and first level category of an error given a free-text description of the error. All but one of the resulting models had an excellent performance as quantified by several metrics. The results also suggest that more development and more extensive training data would further improve future results.
ABSTRACT
Black individuals face psychological distress resulting from lifetime experiences of racial discrimination, and these experiences may be especially harmful to Black college students as they forge their social identities. One way to examine psychological distress induced by racial discrimination is by assessing affect reactivity, or the degree to which aspects of individuals' mood changes in response to a stressor. This quantitative investigation examines the association between lifetime racial discrimination frequency and stress responses to acute racial discrimination via two aspects of affect reactivity, valence and arousal, and if coping strategies moderate this association. A sample of 239 Black college students (Mage = 19.59, SDage = 2.15, 68.6% female) completed an online questionnaire that included measures of racial discrimination, coping, and demographics. They then attended a laboratory visit during which their affective responses to a stress task were collected. Regression analyses indicated an interaction between lifetime racial discrimination and social support coping on arousal reactivity in response to acute racial discrimination. For individuals who reported low levels of social support coping, more frequent lifetime racial discrimination was associated with a decrease in arousal. For individuals who reported high levels of social support coping, more frequent lifetime racial discrimination was associated with an increase in arousal. Implications for the mental health of Black college students exposed to racial discrimination and avenues for further investigation are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
