ABSTRACT
The use of topical and intralesional immunotherapy in the treatment of cutaneous malignant neoplasia in sensitive areas such as the lips and eyelids is discussed. Surgery may not be feasible or may result in deformities in these areas, making alternative treatment options necessary. A narrative literature review was conducted using MEDLINE (PubMed) as the main literature database, collecting available evidence of experiences with various topical and intralesional therapies in the aforementioned anatomical locations, ranging from case reports to clinical trials. The clearance rates and potential adverse reactions of therapeutic options such as imiquimod 5%, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), photodynamic therapy (PDT), ingenol mebutate (IM), diclofenac, intralesional methotrexate, and interferon are reviewed. Although limited by their heterogeneity and the scarcity of clinical trials, these studies point towards promising response rates and minimal adverse effects, making these treatments viable options in selected cases.
Subject(s)
Pemphigoid, Bullous , Humans , Pemphigoid, Bullous/diagnosis , Laminin , Autoantibodies , Immunoglobulin ASubject(s)
Mucinoses , Skin Diseases , Skin Neoplasms , Humans , Skin Diseases/pathology , Mucinoses/diagnosis , Dermoscopy , Skin Neoplasms/pathologySubject(s)
COVID-19 , Erythema Multiforme , BNT162 Vaccine , COVID-19 Vaccines , Erythema Multiforme/chemically induced , Humans , SARS-CoV-2Subject(s)
Histiocytoma/diagnosis , Biopsy/methods , Child , Exanthema/etiology , Histiocytoma/pathology , Humans , MaleABSTRACT
Sweet's syndrome is a neutrophilic dermatosis associated with many different underlying conditions but only rarely is it triggered by environmental factors such as ultraviolet (UV) exposure. We present two cases of photoinduced Sweet syndrome. Our first patient, who was taking hydrochlorothiazide, presented photodistributed lesions, pathological phototest and neutrophilic dermatosis histopathology. The phototest normalized after drug withdrawal, suggesting that both UV light and hydrochlorothiazide were necessary to cause the lesions. Our second case presented lesions clearly induced by UV light and histologically consistent with Sweet's syndrome. The MED was decreased and the lesions were reproduced with nbUVB, suggesting the diagnosis of photoinduced Sweet's syndrome. In conclusion, we report a case of neutrophilic dermatosis induced by hydrochlorothiazide and UV light and a case of photoinduced Sweet's syndrome with reproduction of the lesions after nbUVB. Both patients had a pathologic photobiological study. Our report emphasizes the need to perform phototests in patients with photodistributed Sweet's syndrome.
