[Factors predisposing to pathological gambling].

An examination of 150 patients suffering from pathological gambling (PG) has shown that a PG predisposition includes 3 components: personal, morphofunctional and gender. The personal component is a combination of lability and hyperthymia, higher extraversion, easy communication, riskiness, low empathic ability, inclination to emotional satiation. The morphofunctional component embraces structural (a pathology of cortical and subcortical areas, localized mainly in the frontal region and limbic structure of brain) and functional (abnormalities of regulatory processes, signs of cerebral immaturity) peculiarities of the central nervous system. The gender component is reflected in the notable predominance of males, weak and medium-weak sexual constitution, psychosexual development peculiarities manifested as a reduced romantic stage. This complex predisposition, though non-fatal, raises the risk of the disorder.

[The clinico-biological aspects of transsexualism]. / Nekotorye kliniko-biologicheskie aspekty transseksualizma.

A complex constitutional-endocrinological investigation of persons of both sexes with clinical diagnosis of transsexualism (TS) has been held. On the basis of original data some peculiarities of somato- and cerebrotypes of transsexuals have been revealed, the formation of these peculiarities is significantly connected with the action of sexual hormones. A disturbance in ratio of male and female sexual hormones in the direction of predominance of the hormones corresponding to the patient's sexual autoidentification despite their biological sex has been marked. It gives possibility to consider that TS pathogenesis is undoubtedly connected with inborn pathology of hormonal homeostasis. The results of multi-disciplinary approach to study of TS are being discussed. An assumption about the role of disturbance in the system of "hormones-brain" in the TS origin is given.

[Clinical picture and development of transsexualism]. / O klinicheskoi kartine i formirovanii transseksualizma.

The results of a clinical study of 33 patients with transsexualism (TS) have shown that TS is a pathological state of the person whose essence lies in the polar discrepancy of the biological sex with the forming psychic sex. It can be described as a true inversion of sexual identification and orientation. The formation of TS has been found to have a regular pattern. Four types of TS development have been identified. It has been shown that TS predisposes toward a high risk of suicidal behavior. It is suggested that the development of TS may be evaluated as autochthonous.

[Acrocephaly, cranial asymmetry, brachydactyly, syndactyly, progressive senile dementia--a new type of acrocephalosyndactyly?]. / Akrotsefaliia, asimmetriia cherepa, brakhidaktiliia, sindaktiliia, progressiruiushchaia dementsiia pozdnego vozrasta--novyi tip akrotsefalosindaktilii?

Clinicogenetic assessment of a family whose six members proved to be carriers of an identical pathological trait allowed the delineation of the clinical picture of the hereditary disease described. Its major components include congenital cranial and facial abnormalities, malformed extremities characteristic of acrocephalosyndactyly, and a progressive pattern of psychic disturbances and higher cortical dysfunctions arising in old age. The first to come are increasing acoustic agnosia and disconnected delusions (stage of psychotic disorders) which are followed by progressive overall mental retardation with concomitant deactualization and disappearance of delusional feelings (stage of dementia). It has been suggested that cases of this kind make up a new (viz., the sixth) type of acrocephalosyndactyly with an autosomal dominant pattern of hereditary transmission. The mutant gene appears to be pleiotropic and characterized by complete penetrance and slightly varying expressivity.