ABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to determine the risk factors of skin disorders among female schoolchildren in primary and intermediate schools in Al-khobar city, Eastern Saudi Arabia. This is a cross-sectional study conducted in Al-Khobar city during the period of January to March 2003. It involved 2239 female schoolchildren randomly selected from 30 regular public and private primary and preparatory schools. A multi-stage stratified random sampling technique with proportional allocation was used. Data was collected using a pre-designed structured questionnaire and clinical examination. Dandruff was negatively associated with private schools and positively associated with age, body mass index and overcrowding. The association of atopic dermatitis with family history of atopy and bronchial asthma was documented in this study. Those who were at high risk of getting acne were schoolchildren who had more baths per week and lived in villas with a high number of rooms (in other words the high socioeconomic class). Pediculosis had a negative association with a high level of father education and high socioeconomic status and a positive association with living in a flat and the number of siblings. It was concluded that sex, socioeconomic status, family history, parents' education, home type, and overcrowding were found to be risk factors for some skin disorders. Accordingly, it is recommended that a preventive health education program for schoolchildren with different levels of skin diseases be started considering the predictive variables that increase the prevalence of these diseases.
Subject(s)
Skin Diseases/epidemiology , Adolescent , Child , Comorbidity , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Risk Factors , Saudi ArabiaABSTRACT
El propósito de este estudio fue determinar los factores de riesgo de las enfermedades dermatológicas en escolares femeninas de escuelas primarias e intermedias en la ciudad de Al-Khobar, Arabia Saudita Oriente. Se realizó un estudio transversal en la ciudad Al-Khobar durante el período de enero a marzo de 2003. se estudiaron 2239 niñas en edad escolar, seleccionadas al azar de 30 escuelas primarias y preparatorias regulares, públicas y privadas. Se utilizó una técnica de muestreo al azar, estratificada de múltiple fase, con distribución proporcional. La data se colectó mediante el uso de un cuestionario estructurado pre-diseñado y evaluación clínica. La caspa estuvo asociada negativamente con las escuelas privadas y positivamente con la edad, el índice de masa corporal y el nacimiento. Este estudio documentó la asociación de dermatitis atópica con historia familiar de atopia y asma bronquial. Las escolares que tuvieron más alto riesgo de padecer acné son aquellas que tuvieron más baños por semana y que vivían en villas con un alto número de habitaciones (en otras palabras, de la clase socioeconómica alta). La pediculosis tuvo una asociación negativa con un alto nivel de educación y alto estrato socieconómico del padre y una asociación positiva con el habitar en un apartamento y el número de hermanos. Se concluye que el género, el estrato socieconómico, la historia familiar, la educación de los padres, el tipo de vivienda y el hacinamiento fueron factores de riesgo para algunos desórdenes dermatológicos. En consecuencia, se recomienda que se comience un programa de educación sanitaria preventivo para escolares con diferentes grados de enfermedades dermatológicas , considerando las variables presdecibles que incrementan la prevalencia de estas enfermedades.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Asthma , Dermatitis , Dermatology , Disease Outbreaks , Skin/injuries , Skin/pathology , School Health Services , Medicine , Socioeconomic Factors , VenezuelaABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence and pattern of skin disorders among female schoolchildren in primary and intermediate schools in Al-Khobar city, Eastern Saudi Arabia. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study conducted in Al-Khobar city, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia during the period from January-March 2003. It involved 2239 female schoolchildren randomly selected from 30 regular public and private primary and preparatory schools. We used a multi-stage stratified random sampling technique with proportional allocation. We collected data using a pre-designed structured questionnaire and clinical examination. RESULTS: The prevalence of skin diseases among female schoolchildren in Al-Khobar city was 98.6%. The most common skin disease and conditions group was the pigmentary disorders (91.6%), followed by a group of dermatitis/eczema and related conditions (26.7%), and disorders of skin appendages (25.3%). The common skin diseases and conditions in this study were melanocytic nevi (MN) (68%), post-inflammatory pigmentation (56.6%), scars (26.8%), acne (22.5%), dandruff (18.1%), pediculosis capitis (5.2%) and eczema (3.1%). Postinflammatory hyper/hypo pigmentation was more common among primary schoolchildren, whereas MN, dandruff, keratosis pilaris, acne and folliculitis were significantly more common among preparatory schoolchildren. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of skin disorders among female schoolchildren in Al-Khobar city was very high. Therefore, we recommended the introduction of a preventive health education program for schoolchildren at different levels and their families and teachers on skin diseases.
