[Lymphocytes with receptors to streptococcal polysaccharide group A in the thymus of rheumatism patients. Change in the response of normal thymocytes to adenosine, theophylline and decantate]. / Limfotsity s retseptorami k polisakharidu streptokokka gruppy A v timuse bol'nykh revmatizmom, izmenenie ikh reaktsii na adenozin, teofillin i dekantat normal'nykh timotsitov.

With the help of immunomodulators (adenosine, theophylline, levamisole) and decantat of 3-hour culture of normal thymocytes, the features of thymocytes with the receptor for polysaccharide of streptococcus group A(A-PSC) (R = PSC+cells) in patients with rheumatism. It has been established that in patients' thymus the quantity of lymphocytes, able to express R-PSC (predecessors of R = PSC + cells) decreased under the influence of theophylline and adenosine. The predecessors of R = PSC+thymocytes in the majority of patients with rheumatism are areactive to decantat action. Moreover R = PSC+cells in comparison with normal ones lose this receptors under it's influence.

[Disordered cell-receptor metabolism (R-proteins) and the immunity indices in patients with lymphoproliferative diseases of the skin and Kaposi's sarcoma]. / Narushenie metabolizma kletochnykh retseptorov (R-belkov) i pokazateli immuniteta u bol'nykh s limfoproliferativnymi zabolevaniiami kozhi i sarkomoi Kaposhi.

Elevated blood serum concentrations of R protein were revealed in the patients with malignant lymphomas of the skin and with Kaposi's sarcoma. In both conditions the level of R protein was elevated as against the norm and related to some cellular and humoral immunity parameters. Measurement of R protein concentrations and of the levels of some cellular and humoral immunity parameters in malignant lymphomas of the skin and Kaposi's sarcoma evidence a prognostic value of R proteins.

[The determination of receptor proteins in patients with mycosis fungoides]. / Opredelenie retseptornykh belkov u bol'nykh gribovidnym mikozom.

Measurements of the blood serum R-protein levels in patients with mycosis fungoides have revealed their elevation by 2-10 times as against healthy donors. Referon therapy combined with prospidine and indomethacin resulted in improvement of the clinical course of the process and was accompanied by a reduction of R-protein level. These data suggest that measurements of R-protein levels may help monitor the treatment efficacy.

[The pathogenesis of dermatoses due to contact with mineral fertilizers]. / O patogeneze dermatozov, obuslovlennykh kontaktom s mineral'nymi udobreniiami.

The studies have revealed unfavourable effect of mineral fertilizers on the peripheral blood cells. A complex of tests was used to diagnose dermatoses induced by exposure to mineral fertilizers.

[Receptors for polysaccharides of group A streptococci on human thymic lymphocytes. Stimulation of their expression by action of adenosine, theophylline and supernatant of thymocytes]. / Retseptory k polisakharidu streptokokka gruppy A na limfotsitakh timusa cheloveka. Stimuliatsiia ikh ékspressii pri deistvii adenozina, teofillina i dekantata timotsitov.

It was established by indirect immunofluorescence that thymic lymphocytes bear receptors for polysaccharide of group A streptococci (Rps). The ability of thymic lymphocytes to express Rps depends on the cAMP concentration in the cell, because the treatment of thymocytes with adenosine and theophylline increases the number of cells with Rps (Tps cells). Supernatant of thymic lymphocytes is also capable of stimulating expression of Rps. Because the A-polysaccharide has common antigenic determinant with thymus epithelium antigen it can be assumed that A-polysaccharide links with the thymocytes via receptor for this epithelial antigen. This assumption needs a detailed study in view of the hypothesis about the important role of cross-reactive antigens of group A streptococci in generating autoimmune process during rheumatic fever and other streptococcal diseases. It should also be noted that Rps may be a useful marker for identification and studying the changes of Tps subpopulation in the thymus and peripheral lymphoid organs of patient with different streptococcal diseases.

[The role of non-type-specific protein antigens of the cell wall in Streptococcus group A in developing delayed hypersensitivity]. / Rol' netipospetsificheskikh belkovykh antigenov kletochnoi stenki streptokokka gruppy A v razvitii giperchuvstvitel'nosti zamedlennogo tipa.

The role of the type-nonspecific (TNS) cell-wall antigens of group A streptococci has been determined. The study has been made on guinea pigs sensitized with whole microbial cells or HCl extracts containing TNS antigens. To determine delayed hypersensitivity, the in vitro cytotoxic test on adhering lymph-node cells in the autologous system has been used. The study has shown that sensitization with group A streptococci of different types or with TNS antigens induces the development of delayed hypersensitivity to TNS antigens (or antigen), common for different types of group A streptococci, but specific for this group. HCl extracts containing TNS antigens can be recommended as the preparation for testing delayed hypersensitivity to antigens, specific for group A streptococci.

[Receptors for the secretory component on human thymic lymphocytes. Stimulation of their expression as affected by adenosine, theophylline and a thymic lymphocyte supernatant]. / Retseptory dlia sekretornogo komponenta na limfotsitakh timusa cheloveka. Stimuliatsiia ikh ékspressii pri deistvii adenozina, teofillina i dekantata limfotsitov timusa.

It has been established by indirect immunofluorescence that thymic lymphocytes bear receptors for secretory component (Rsc). The bound secretory component, i. e., in the molecule of secretory IgA, was found to react with a greater number of thymocytes than free secretory component. Such difference may indicate that T-Rsc have higher affinity to the bound secretory component than to free secretory component. However, this needs detailed investigation. The ability of thymocytes to express Rsc depends on the cellular cAMP level, as the treatment with adenosine and theophylline increases the number of cells with Rsc. Supernatant of a 3-hour thymocyte culture was also capable of stimulating the expression of Rsc. It is assumed that secretory component contained in great amounts in the thymus membrane system takes part in the differentiation of T alpha and Tsc cells of the thymus, which repopulate lymphoid organs and regulate their immune reactions. Rsc may also be useful in assessing the state of Tsc subpopulation in different pathological conditions.

[Collagen type IV of the basal membrane of the epithelium of the skin in certain forms of pathology]. / Kollagen IV tipa bazal'noi membrany épiteliia kozhi pri nekotorykh formakh patologii.

Using immunofluorescence, attenuation or complete disappearance of type IV collagen antiserum reaction were shown in the epidermal basal membrane zone of SLE patients. Some positive material was revealed in the intercellular spaces of the epidermis. There is an inverse correlation between the amount of immune complexes in the dermo-epidermal region and the intensity of anticollagen serum reaction in the basal membrane zone. This can be explained by the toxic effect of immune complexes on collagen-synthesizing cells and the disturbance of this protein fixation in the basal membrane followed by its sequestration from the affected regions. Complex therapy including hemoperfusion restores normal collagen location in the epidermal basal membrane.

[Stimulation of expression of IgM and IgG receptors on human thymus lymphocytes after treatment with lactoferrin in vitro]. / Stimuliatsiia ékspressii retseptorov dlia IgM i IgG na limfotsitakh timusa cheloveka pri deistvii laktoferrina in vitro.

It was established by immunofluorescence that lactoferrin, one of the heteroorganic thymus antigens, can stimulate the expression of Fc mu and Fcj receptors on thymus lymphocytes. The stimulating effect of lactoferrin on T mu cells is more pronounced with the level of these cells in the thymus being low. Its effect on Tj cells seems independent of their level in the thymus and may be related to their precursor differentiation. It can be assumed that one of the functions of lactoferrin in the thymus is to influence the process of differentiation of T mu and Tj cells and to regulate their level in the thymus. Lactoferrin, like other heteroorganic thymus antigens, may take part in the functional maturation of different subpopulations of thymocytes, including T mu and Tj thymus cells.

[Use of germ-free mice in experimental transplantation]. / Ispol'zovanie myshei, svobodnykh ot patogennoi flory, v éksperimental'noi transplantologii.

A comparative study of skin allografts was performed in germ-free A/Ola mice kept in boxes and in A/Ola and BALB mice raised in ordinary conditions. Skin graft (of C57B1/6 mice) in A/Ola and BALB mice raised in ordinary conditions was shown to reject 16-21 and 12-18 days after the transplantation, respectively without cyclophosphamide (CP) use. CP application in BALB mice, grown in ordinary conditions, prolonged the lifespan of grafts to 12-29 days. The use of CP in germ-free A/Ola mice prolonged the lifespan of grafts to 19-39 days. In germ-free mice kept in boxes the use of an immunodepressant was not accompanied by infectious complications, while the animals kept in the vivarium often died of infectious diseases.

[Comparative immunochemical and immunocytochemical study of 3 soluble granulocytic proteins in blood cells and serum]. / Sravnitel'noe immunokhimicheskoe i immunotsitokhimicheskoe izuchenie trekh rastvorimykh belkov granulitsitov v kletkakh i syvorotke krovi.

Using immunofluorescence, it has been shown that leukocyte thermostable alpha-glycoprotein (LTAG) and leukocyte beta-globulin (LBG) are, like lactoferrin, components of polynuclear leukocytes. These proteins were found in the perinuclear zone, cytoplasm membrane and extracellularly. Serum LTAG concentration increases in immune inflammatory diseases. In severe forms of diabetes and glomerulonephritis there is a rise in LBG concentration. The biological role of LTAG and LBG is unknown.

[Cytotoxic effect of lymphocytes on autologous blood monocytes in the presence of streptococcal group A antigens in patients with primary erysipelas]. / Tsitotoksicheskii éffekt limfotsitov na autologicheskikh monotsitakh krovi v prisutstvii antigenov streptokokka gruppy A u bol'nykh pervichnoi rozhei.

The present work deals with a modification of the cytotoxic test for the determination of the cytotoxic activity of lymphocytes in infectious diseases. This modification is based on the use of the suspension of mononuclear blood cells, simultaneously containing effector cells (sensitized lymphocytes) and target cells (autologous monocytes). The cytotoxic effect on monocytes is observed after the preliminary incubation of nonadhering cells (lymphocytes) with the antigen of microorganisms causing the infectious process. A statistically significant increase in the cytotoxic activity of lymphocytes was recorded in patients with primary erysipelas at the acute period of the disease. The cytotoxic effect has been found to persist at a high level for two weeks. By the end of the disease this effect drops to the level characteristic of clinically normal persons. An elevated level of the cytotoxic activity of lymphocytes in the presence of streptococcal antigens of one type has been detected in 72% of patients with primary erysipelas. This indicates that type-nonspecific streptococcal antigens take part in the formation of delayed hypersensitivity, which is also confirmed by the data obtained in animal experiments.

[Reaction of loose connective tissue fibroblasts after poly-4-vinylpyridine administration]. / Reaktsiia fibroblastov rykhloi soedinitel'noi tkani na vvedenie poli-4-vinilpiridina.

Mice were injected with poly-4-vinylpyridine at a dose known to be effective for immunogenesis stimulation. Within 24 hours after the injection fibroblasts reacted by dendrit production, cytoplasm vacuolization and clasmocytosis. 2-3 days after the polymer injection the fibroblast cytoplasm was restored. The immunofluorescence employed rabbit serum natural antibodies to fibroblast antigens. The reaction observed may be used for the estimation of biological polymer activity.

[Localization of basal cell antigen in the epithelial tissues of animals and humans detected by means of natural antibodies]. / Lokalizatsiia bazal'no-kletochnogo antigena v épitelial'nykh tkaniakh zhivotnykh i cheloveka, vyiavlennaia s pomoshch'iu estestvennykh antitel.

By means of the immunofluorescent method using rabbit serum that contains natural antibodies against the basal cell antigen of epidermis, the distribution of the antigen has been demonstrated in cells of the basal layer of all types of the stratified epithelium. The reaction is also noted in cytoplasm of the epithelial cells in the thymus and the tracheal mucous membrane. This demonstrates their histogenic affinity to stratified epithelii. The antigen studied is not species-specific, since it is revealed in the stratified epithelium of all species examined (human being, mouse, rat, guinea pig, rabbit). It is possible to use the basal cell antigen as a marker for immunomorphological reveal of epithelial cells in the thymus in the process of its physiological and pathological involution.

[Effect of hemosorption on the dynamics of immunopathologic changes in the skin of patients with diseases accompanying the immune complex syndrome]. / Vliianie gemosorpbtsi na dinamiku immunopatologicheskkh izmenenii v kozhe bol'nykh s zabolevaniiami, soprovozhdaiushchimisia sindromom immunnykh kompleksov.

In the majority of diseases with the immune complexes (IC) syndrome, elimination of IC from the body is markedly disturbed. The authors carried out a study with the aid of the direct immunofluorsecence technique. The use of hemosorption in the treatment of patients with grave patterns of systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, systemic vasculitis and similar illnesses in conjunction with conventional therapy (corticosteroids, cytostatics) leads to sequestration of the depositions of immune complexes from the skin. As early as after the first hemosorption one can observe the displacement of IC from the derma to the epidermis, advance of IC towards the stratum corneum. After the third session in hemosorption IC granules appear on the body surface, in the form of warty formulations which are removed afterwards together with skin scales. It is assumed that hemosorption recovers the secretory function of the skin, aimed at IC elimination.