[Differential immunohistochemical diagnosis of tumors of the human central nervous system using monoclonal antibodies]. / Differentsial'naia immunotsiokhimicheskaia diagnostika opukholei tsentral'noi nervnoi sistemy cheloveka s pomoshch'iu monoklonal'nykh antitel.

67 brain tumors were studied using monoclonal antibodies against glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP), neurofilaments, proteoglycan, laminin and vimentin. All the astrocytic tumors gave positive reaction to GFAP, but anaplastic tumors of this type were less reactive. Medulloblastomas when treated with GFAP showed two cell lines, astrocytic and neuronal. A positive reaction to laminin and proteoglycan was observed in the vessels of neuroepithelial tumors. Anaplastic astrocytomas were more reactive to vimentin.

[Ultrastructural and ultracytochemical analysis of herpes infected cornea]. / Ul'trastrukturnyi i ul'tratsitokhimicheskii analiz gerpesinfitsirovannoi rogovitsy.

Rabbit cornea (control or infected with herpes virus) was studied at different time periods after the infection. The change of both ultrastructure and topochemistry of lactate dehydrogenase, adenosine triphosphatase, 5'-nucleotidase is found. The alteration of phosphohydrolase ultracytochemistry is probably due to the enzyme mechanisms which are responsible for reproduction of the herpes simplex virus. Further study of herpetic keratitis enzymology will allow better understanding of the pathogenesis and improve the treatment of herpetic keratitis.

[Ultrastructure and electron-histochemical properties of the glandular endometrial epithelium in women]. / Ul'trastruktura i élektronno-gistokhimicheskie svoistva zhelezistogo épiteliia éndometriia zhenshchin.

Ultrastructural and ultracytochemical characteristics of glandular epithelium of endometrium in 10 women with two-phase cycle were studied. Secretory transformation of glandular epithelium at ultrastructural level is manifested by deposits of glycogen in cytoplasm, giant mitochondria, hypertrophic Golgi complex and nuclear channel system. In organ endometrial cultures formation of the nuclear channel system at the stage of proliferation is induced by progesterone. Localization of ribonucleoproteins and activity of nucleoside phosphatases (ATPase and 5'-nucleotidase) in the nuclei and the channel system is described. Ultrastructural and ultracytochemical data permit to exclude nucleolar origin of the nucleolar channel system.

[Ultracytochemical detection of nucleoside phosphatase activity in human peripheral blood cells]. / Ul'tratsitokhimicheskoe vyiavlenie nukleozidfosfataznoi aktivnosti v kletkakh perifericheskoi krovi cheloveka.

The authors elaborated and described the optimum conditions for fixation, incubation and preparation of human blood cell samples in minimum quantities for ultrastructural and ultracytochemical investigations of 5'-nucleotidase and ATPase activities. The best preservation of the blood cell ultrastructure was obtained after fixation with buffered 1% glutaraldehyde solution followed by postfixation in buffered 1% OsO4 solution. The best ultracytochemical demonstration of 5'-nucleotidase and ATPase activities was achieved after fixation in buffered 2% formaldehyde prior to cytochemical incubation. DMSO added to either fixation or incubation media was shown to damage the plasmalemma and glycocalyx structure in cell suspensions. ATPase in 5'-nucleotidase activities were revealed in plasmalemma, cytoplasmic reticulum, Golgi complex, mitochondria and in the nuclei, in particular, in the perinuclear space, nucleolus and chromatin. With respect to the localization and activity of nucleosidephosphatases, lymphocytes proved to be most heterogenic, with the enzyme activity level directly depending on the rate of ultrastructural differentiation in lymphocytes.

[Localization of nucleoside phosphatases in the antral follicle of the guinea pig ovary]. / Lokalizatsiia nukleozidfosfataz v antral'nom follikule iaichnika morskoi svinki.

Ultrastructural localization of nucleozidphosphatases (5'-nucleotidase, adenosin triphosphatase (ATPase) and beta-glicerophosphatase) in antral follicles of the guinea-pig ovary has been studied. Certain heterogeneity has been found in distribution of the enzymes: the cells in the follicular tunic possess the greatest 5'-nucleotidase and ATPase activity. When 5'-adenosin monophosphate (5'-AMP) is used as a substrate, the lead phosphate residue is mainly revealed in the external surface of plasmolemma and as "caps" in the margical zone of nucleoplasm. ATPase activity is chiefly observed in nucleoli of granular cells and in those of the external follicular tunic cells. Histochemical reaction with 5'-AMP proceeds most intensively in the lucid tunic and in processes of the granular cells contacting with the oocyte. A possibility is discussed on participation of the metabolic enzymes, that localize in these structures, in the mechanisms controlling the oocyte maturation.

[Ultrastructural and ultracytochemical characteristics of the terminal villi of the placenta in EPH-toxemia of pregnancy]. / Ul'trastrukturnaia i ul'tratsitokhimicheskaia kharakteristika terminal'nykh vorsinok platsenty pri EPH-toksikoze beremennosti.

The main types of the terminal villi in the EPH-toxicosis of pregnancy with various degrees of severity are studied with light, scanning and transmission electron microscopy and ultracytochemistry. The incipient stages of the transition from normal to pathologically changed villi could be detected by means of ultrastructural study only. Enhancement of the degenerative processes in placenta occurs as the severity of this complication increases.

[Ultrastructural localization of nucleoside phosphatase activity in the thymocytes of rats]. / Ul'trastrukturnaia lokalizatsiia nukleozidfosfataznoi aktivnosti v timotsitakh krysy.

A comparative electron histochemical investigation was made of ATPase and 5'-nucleotidase activities in isolated cells and in cryostate sections of the rat thymus after various pretreatment. A most optimal demonstration of intracellular ATPase and 5'-nucleotidase activities was possible in non-fixed isolated cells whose cytoplasm was partially or completely destroyed in the process of homogenization. ATPase and 5'-nucleotidase activities were revealed in the nuclear chromatin and in interchromatin ribonucleoproteins, perinuclear space, endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complex. ATPase activity on the plasma membrane was revealed in the best way in isolated cells after glutaraldehyde prefixation.

[Effect of progestins on the ultrastructure of endometrial cells in pretumorous changes and cancer (an organ-culture study)]. / Vliianie progestinov na ul'trastrukturu kletok éndometriia pri ego predopukholevykh izmeneniiakh i rake (issledovanie organnoi kul'tury).

Morphological and ultrastructural changes of cells in atypical hyperplasia and focal adenomatosis of the endometrium considered to be precancer processes as well as of endometrial adenocarcinoma before and after treatment (in organ culture) with progesterone and norethysterone were studied. In atypical hyperplasia and focal adenomatosis (after 3-day incubation with hormone), early signs of secretory transformation of the glandular epithelium were observed including subnuclear vacuoles containing glycogen, reduction of microvilli, giant mitochondria, crimping of the cellular membrane, complication of the endoplasmic reticulum. In cancer tissue cultures the hormonal effect is manifested at the ultrastructural level only: signs of morphological differentiation of tumor cells were observed. In these pathological conditions, endometrial organ cultures may be used for the determination of hormone sensitivity of the tumor.

[Ultracytochemistry of cyclic AMP metabolism]. / Ul'tratsitokhimiia obmena tsiklicheskogo AMF.

The paper is concerned with the role of cyclic nucleotides in physiological and pathological processes of the cell vital activity. Principles of histochemical detection of adenylate cyclase and phosphodiesterase of cAMP are discussed. Electron-histochemical data on ultrastructural localization of these two enzymes are reviewed and practical recommendations are given for their electron-histochemical detection.

[Ultracytochemical study of oxidoreductases in the parietal cells of the gastric mucosa in gastric cancer]. / Ul'tratsitokhimicheskoe izuchenie oksidoreduktaz v obkladochnykh kletkakh slizistoi zheludka pri rake étogo organa.

Ultracytochemistry was used to study and compare cytochromooxidase, succinate dehydrogenase and NADH-dehydrogenase activity in gastric mucosa parietal cells in health and in gastric carcinoma associated with decreased acidity of gastric juice. The study demonstrated the reduced activity of the enzymes listed in the mucosal parietal cells in gastric carcinoma. This finding is interpreted as a consequence of disturbed energy supply of hydrochloric acid secretion in gastric carcinoma.