ABSTRACT
The paper describes a case of parosteal lipoma of the temporal bone, by simultaneously involving the parotid salivary gland. Computed tomography performed in a 48-year-old man showed that in the area of the posterior edge of the glenoid fossa of the right temporal bone there was a massive (1.5×1.7×0.9-cm) exostosis extending down from the skull base. The exostosis was surrounded by a 3.5×3.6×5.3 soft tissue mass that was located in the projection of the right parotid salivary gland with a capsule and minor calcifications. Morphological examination determined a sessile exostosis-like mass in the area of the periosteum of the temporal bone. Foci of desmal and enchondral ossification (types III and IV according to the classification of Miller et al.) could be seen in the adjacent fatty tissue. The tumor underwent necrotic and dystrophic changes (Milgram's Stage 3). Temporal bone involvement was accompanied by osseous sialolipoma of the right parotid salivary gland. In this case, the fatty component accounted for 60-80% of salivary gland volume. Terminal secretory segments, ducts, and bone trabeculae with calcification foci and hematopoietic elements were uniformly distributed among the fatty tissue. None similar case has been found in the literature.
Subject(s)
Lipoma/pathology , Parotid Neoplasms/pathology , Skull Neoplasms/pathology , Humans , Lipoma/diagnostic imaging , Male , Middle Aged , Skull Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Temporal Bone/pathologyABSTRACT
Experimental data showing a significant role of enzyme NO-synthase type 2 and cytokine TNF-α enzymes in pathogenesis of CCl4-induced liver injury have been obtained by immunohistochemical assay. It is established that the hepatotoxic agent leads to an increase in NO-synthase 2 and TNF-α levels. The use of both studied phytoadaptogens (eleutherococcus extract and ginseng tincture) at a doses of 48.5 mg/kg and 47 mg/kg, respectively, and the reference drug karsil (100 mg/kg daily for 5 weeks) prevented to a significant degree the accumulation of enzyme NO-synthase 2 and the cytokine TNF-α, which is apparently one of the mechanisms of hepatoprotective action.
Subject(s)
Carbon Tetrachloride Poisoning/drug therapy , Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II/metabolism , Phytotherapy , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Protective Agents/pharmacology , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism , Animals , Antibodies, Monoclonal/chemistry , Carbon Tetrachloride Poisoning/metabolism , Carbon Tetrachloride Poisoning/pathology , Eleutherococcus/chemistry , Gene Expression/drug effects , Immunohistochemistry , Liver/drug effects , Liver/metabolism , Liver/pathology , Male , Mice , Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II/genetics , Silymarin/pharmacology , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/geneticsABSTRACT
Patients with chondrosarcoma of the larynx are diagnosed at the III-IV stages. Nevertheless, they have a relatively good prognosis. The tumor grows lowly, metastases develop late.
