ABSTRACT
Kenny-Caffey Syndrome (KCS) is a genetic syndrome characterized by growth retardation with short stature, cortical thickening and medullary stenosis of long bones, and hypoparathyroidism with hypocalcemia. KCS and the related but more severe condition osteocraniostenosis are determined by monoallelic variants in the FAM111A gene. Here we describe the KCS phenotype resulting from the monoallelic FAM111A variant p.Y511H in a 31-year-old woman and in her 56-year-old mother, who is one of the oldest affected individuals known so far. To our knowledge, it is also one of the few molecularly confirmed cases of a mother-to-child transmission of KCS.
Subject(s)
Hyperostosis, Cortical, Congenital , Phenotype , Humans , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Hyperostosis, Cortical, Congenital/genetics , Hyperostosis, Cortical, Congenital/pathology , Mothers , Dwarfism , Hypocalcemia , Receptors, VirusABSTRACT
A pericentric inversion of chromosome 18 [inv(18)(p11.32q22)] and its recombinants has been studied in a three-generation family. A mother/son couple, carrying the rec dup(18q), showed dysmorphisms and short stature but only the son had mild mental retardation and speech delay. Karyotype, FISH analysis with subtelomeric probes and a 0.8 Mb array-CGH investigations were used to analyze this recombinant, demonstrating no genomic differences between the two relatives. This is the first observation of familial transmission of a rec dup(18q), showing that this recombinant is associated with a mild phenotype with variable clinical picture.
Subject(s)
Chromosome Inversion , Chromosomes, Human, Pair 18/genetics , Family Health , Gene Duplication , Recombination, Genetic , Adolescent , Child, Preschool , Comparative Genomic Hybridization , Dwarfism/genetics , Facial Bones/abnormalities , Female , Humans , Intellectual Disability/genetics , Male , Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis , PedigreeABSTRACT
De novo satellited non-acrocentric chromosomes are very rare findings in prenatal diagnosis. Here we report the first case of a de novo 18ps, associated with del(18p), detected at prenatal diagnosis. A 37 years old woman underwent Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS) for advanced maternal age. Cytogenetic analysis on direct CVS preparation (CVSc) revealed a male karyotype with a nonfamilial satellited 18ps and a reciprocal translocation t(17;19)(P11.1;q11) of maternal origin. The mesenchimal CVS culture (CVSm) showed a mosaic of cell lines with various involvement of chromosome 18: 18ps [36/70]/ r(18) [25/70]/ del(18p) [3/70]/ -18 [6/70]. Amniotic fluid cells (AFC) confirmed the homogeneous karyotype found at CVSc. The molecular cytogenetic characterization, performed on AFC, allowed the following diagnosis: 46,XY, +15, dic(15;18)(p11.1;p11.2), t(17;19)(p11.1;q11)mat. ish dic(15;18)(tel 18p-, D15Z1+, wcp18-, wcp 18+, D18Z1+, tel 18q+). The foetal autopsy disclosed subtle facial dysmorphisms and corpus callosum hypoplasia. In case of prenatal detection of de novo terminal ectopic NORs an accurate cytogenetic and molecular analysis should be performed in order to rule out subtle unbalancements.
Subject(s)
Chromosome Deletion , Chromosomes, Human, Pair 18 , DNA, Satellite/genetics , Adult , Chromosomes, Human, Pair 17 , Chromosomes, Human, Pair 19 , Female , Humans , Karyotyping , Male , Metaphase , Pregnancy , Pregnancy Trimester, First , Prenatal Diagnosis , Translocation, GeneticABSTRACT
We report on the second prenatal diagnosis of familial paracentric inversion of the long arm of Y chromosome [46, X, inv(Y)(q11.2q12)]. The anomaly was detected through an amniocentesis performed because of advanced maternal age. The inversion has been detected by standard GTG banding methods and better characterized by FISH with painting probe and specific satellite probes DYZ1 and DYZ3. The inversion derived from phenotypically normal father. Pregnancy was uneventful and an healthy child was born. We discuss the issue concerning genetic prenatal counselling of this rare condition and we report the clinical follow up of the child.
