ABSTRACT
Nephronophthisis is an autosomal recessive cystic kidney disease caused by mutations in genes that encode proteins involved in the primary cilia function, resulting in kidney disease and extrarenal manifestations such as retinal degeneration and liver fibrosis. According to the age of development of end-stage chronic kidney disease, three clinical forms of presentation are described: infantile, juvenile and adolescent. Diagnosis is made by a positive genetic test, or a kidney biopsy demonstrating chronic tubulointerstitial changes with thickening of the tubular basement membranes. At the moment there is no healing therapy, so early kidney transplant is a fundamental tool to improve prognosis. Nefronoptisis: reporte de un caso pediátrico Nephronophthisis: a pediatric case report We present a 13-month old male patient with polyuria, kidney failure, anemia and elevated aminotransferases over three months. With compatible histological kidney biopsy, the diagnosis of infantile nephronophthisis with liver involvement was reached.
La nefronoptisis es una enfermedad renal quística, de herencia autosómica recesiva, causada por mutaciones en genes que codifican proteínas involucradas en la función de cilios primarios, lo que resulta en enfermedad renal y manifestaciones extrarrenales como degeneración retiniana y fibrosis hepática. Según la edad de desarrollo de enfermedad renal crónica terminal, se describen tres formas clínicas de presentación: infantil, juvenil y adolescente. El diagnóstico se realiza por una prueba genética positiva o una biopsia de riñón que demuestre cambios tubulointersticiales crónicos con un engrosamiento de las membranas basales tubulares. No existe hasta la actualidad una terapia curativa, por lo que el trasplante renal oportuno es determinante en cuanto al pronóstico. Se presenta un paciente de 13 meses de edad con poliuria de 3 meses de evolución, insuficiencia renal, anemia y elevación de transaminasas. Con hallazgos histológicos compatibles en la biopsia renal, se arribó al diagnóstico de nefronoptisis infantil, con afectación hepática.
Subject(s)
Kidney Diseases, Cystic , Kidney Diseases , Kidney Failure, Chronic , Adolescent , Child , Female , Genetic Testing , Humans , Infant , Kidney Diseases, Cystic/diagnosis , Kidney Diseases, Cystic/genetics , Kidney Diseases, Cystic/pathology , Kidney Failure, Chronic/genetics , Male , ProteinsABSTRACT
La seudomicroangiopatía trombótica o síndrome de Moschcowitz es una manifestación infrecuente del déficit de vitamina B12. Se caracteriza por anemia hemolítica con características microangiopáticas, reticulocitos e índices hematimétricos normales o con ligera megaloblastosis, asociados a manifestaciones neurológicas. La vitamina B12 está presente en alimentos proteicos de origen animal. La lactancia materna es una fuente adecuada para los niños cuando los niveles maternos son normales. Se presenta a una paciente de 16 meses que se internó por anemia hemolítica con requerimiento transfusional, plaquetopenia, mal progreso pondoestatural y retraso neuromadurativo. Durante su internación se arribó al diagnóstico de seudomicroangiopatía trombótica secundaria a déficit de vitamina B12.
Pseudo-thrombotic microangiopathy, or Moschcowitz syndrome, is a rare manifestation of vitamin B12 deficiency. It is characterized by microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, reticulocytes, and hematimetric indices that can be normal or that might present a mild megaloblastosis, and which are associated with neurological manifestations. Vitamin B12 can be found in animal-based protein foods. Breastfeeding is an adequate source of this vitamin for children, when maternal serum levels are normal. The case of a 16-month-old infant is presented. She was admitted for hemolytic anemia with transfusion requirement, thrombocytopenia, failure to thrive and developmental delay. During her hospitalization, she was diagnosed with pseudothrombotic microangiopathy caused by vitamin B12 deficiency.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Infant , Vitamin B 12 Deficiency/complications , Thrombotic Microangiopathies/diagnosis , Vitamin B 12 Deficiency/therapy , Anemia, Hemolytic/bloodABSTRACT
Pseudo-thrombotic microangiopathy, or Moschcowitz syndrome, is a rare manifestation of vitamin B12 deficiency. It is characterized by microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, reticulocytes, and hematimetric indices that can be normal or that might present a mild megaloblastosis, and which are associated with neurological manifestations. Vitamin B12 can be found in animal-based protein foods. Breastfeeding is an adequate source of this vitamin for children, when maternal serum levels are normal. The case of a 16-month-old infant is presented. She was admitted for hemolytic anemia with transfusion requirement, thrombocytopenia, failure to thrive and developmental delay. During her hospitalization, she was diagnosed with pseudothrombotic microangiopathy caused by vitamin B12 deficiency.
La seudomicroangiopatía trombótica o síndrome de Moschcowitz es una manifestación infrecuente del déficit de vitamina B12. Se caracteriza por anemia hemolítica con características microangiopáticas, reticulocitos e índices hematimétricos normales o con ligera megaloblastosis, asociados a manifestaciones neurológicas. La vitamina B12 está presente en alimentos proteicos de origen animal. La lactancia materna es una fuente adecuada para los niños cuando los niveles maternos son normales. Se presenta a una paciente de 16 meses que se internó por anemia hemolítica con requerimiento transfusional, plaquetopenia, mal progreso pondoestatural y retraso neuromadurativo. Durante su internación se arribó al diagnóstico de seudomicroangiopatía trombótica secundaria a déficit de vitamina B12.
