Tolerancia oral en artritis experimental inducida por antígeno en conejos por administración de hidrolizado de cartílago articular / Oral tolerance in antigen induced arthritis (AIA) in rabbits by administration of articular cartilage hydrolysate

La artritis reumatoide es una patología autoinmune caracterizada por inflamación poliarticular, tumefacción e inflamación que afecta a más del 1% de la población mundial. La patobiología de la artritis reumatoide involucra varias poblaciones celulares como linfocitos T, B, macrófagos y fibroblastos, así como una compleja interacción de citoquinas proinflamatorias. Las actuales terapias convencionales y biológicas no siempre funcionan o producen solo una mejora parcial. La tolerancia inmunológica es un mecanismo por el cual el sistema inmune previene la autorreactividad. El objetivo de este estudio piloto fue evaluar la eficacia de péptidos provenientes de un hidrolizado enzimático de cartílago articular extraído del tarso bovino (HCA) para el tratamiento de artritis reumatoide en un modelo de artritis reumatoide (AAE) en conejos. Los animales AAE presentaron inflamación y dolor dentro del primer mes de la inmunización primaria que fue revertida en el grupo AAE+HCA. El grupo control mostró un tejido sinovial normal sin afecciones de ningún tipo. El grupo AAE reveló un proceso inflamatorio severo con hiperplasia sinovial, infiltrado de linfocitos y proliferación vascular. El grupo tratado redujo la inflamación, proliferación linfocítica y neoangiogénesis significativamente. Los conejos artríticos incrementaron significativamente los niveles marcadores inflamatorios como óxido nítrico, interferon γ (INF-γ) y factor de necrosis tumoral α (TNF- α) respecto del control y redujeron significativamente los niveles de interleukina 4 (IL-4). El tratamiento mostró una reducción significativa de óxido nítrico, IFN-γ y TNF-α y un aumento de IL-4. Este trabajo sugiere que esta terapia podría resultar útil en el aspecto clínico y en los parámetros bioquímicos y podría inhibir específicamente la respuesta inmune. Futuros estudios con mayor número de animales y otros parámetros de laboratorio complementarios podrán brindar evidencias en este sentido (AU)

Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease characterized by polyarticular inflammation, swelling and inflammation that affects more than 1% of the world population. The pathobiology of rheumatoid arthritis involves several cell populations as T lymphocytes, B, macrófagosy fibroblasts, and a complex proinflammatory cytokines interactions. Conventional and biologic therapies do not always work or produce only a partial improvement. Immunological tolerance is a mechanism by which the immune system prevents autoreactivity. The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate the efficacy of peptides from an from articular cartilage hydrolysate extracted of tarsus (HCA) for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis in a model of rheumatoid arthritis (AAE) in rabbits. AAE animals showed inflammation and pain within de first month of the primary immunization that was reversed in the AAE + HCA group. The control group showed a normal unnaffected synovial tissue. The AAE group revealed an inflammatory process with synovial hyperplasia, filtering in lymphocytes and vascular proliferation. The treated group decreased significantly inflammation, lymphocyte proliferation and angiogenesis. Arthritic rabbits increased the levels inflammatory markers as nitric oxide, interferon gamma (INF-γ) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) compared to control and significantly reduced levels of interleukin 4 (IL-4). The treatment showed a significant reduction of nitricoxide, IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha and an increase in IL-4. This work suggests that this therapy may be useful in the clinical aspect and the biochemical and immune parameters. Future studies with larger numbers of animals and other laboratory parameters may provide additional evidence in this regard (AU)

Boron neutron capture synovectomy (BNCS) as a potential therapy for rheumatoid arthritis: boron biodistribution study in a model of antigen-induced arthritis in rabbits.

Boron neutron capture synovectomy (BNCS) is explored for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The aim of the present study was to perform boron biodistribution studies in a model of antigen-induced arthritis (AIA) in female New Zealand rabbits, with the boron carriers boronophenylalanine (BPA) and sodium decahydrodecaborate (GB-10) to assess the potential feasibility of BNCS for RA. Rabbits in chronic phase of AIA were used for biodistribution studies employing the following protocols: intra-articular (ia) (a) BPA-f 0.14 M (0.7 mg (10)B), (b) GB-10 (5 mg (10)B), (c) GB-10 (50 mg (10)B) and intravenous (iv), (d) BPA-f 0.14 M (15.5 mg (10)B/kg), (e) GB-10 (50 mg (10)B/kg), and (f) BPA-f (15.5 mg (10)B/kg) + GB-10 (50 mg (10)B/kg). At different post-administration times (13-85 min for ia and 3 h for iv), samples of blood, pathological synovium (target tissue), cartilage, tendon, muscle, and skin were taken for boron measurement by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The intra-articular administration protocols at <40 min post-administration both for BPA-f and GB-10, and intravenous administration protocols for GB-10 and [GB-10 + BPA-f] exhibited therapeutically useful boron concentrations (>20 ppm) in the pathological synovium. Dosimetric estimations suggest that BNCS would be able to achieve a therapeutically useful dose in pathological synovium without exceeding the radiotolerance of normal tissues in the treatment volume, employing boron carriers approved for use in humans. Radiobiological in vivo studies will be necessary to determine the actual therapeutic efficacy of BNCS to treat RA in an experimental model.