ABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Surveys and Questionnaires , Accreditation , Health Facilities , SpainABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: To find the amount of self-care (SC), health education (HE) received and the prevalence of risk factors for diabetic foot (RFDF) in patients with type II Diabetes Mellitus (DM) attended in Primary Care. DESIGN: A descriptive crossover study. SETTING: Primary Care Centre. PATIENTS: 100 DM patients attending over 2 months (May and June 1995) to see the doctor or collect prescriptions. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Questionnaire on HE, SC habits and social and demographic data, inspection of the feet and physical investigation of lower extremities. 36% had deficient or very deficient hygiene; 73% did not go regularly to the chiropodist, 76% used scissors, 75% did not check the inside of the shoe. 38% had signs of neuropathy and 17%, of peripheric vasculopathy. 25% were at high risk of diabetic foot. Women had more RFDF. CONCLUSIONS: The amount of self-care is very low, especially in hygiene, which did not improve over time. HE on foot care is extremely poor despite its being a priority. Educational interventions are required to motivate healthworkers and patients, especially those with most RFDF, in the area of SC.
Subject(s)
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications , Diabetic Foot/prevention & control , Self Care , Aged , Cross-Over Studies , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Female , Humans , Hygiene , Male , Middle Aged , Primary Health Care , Risk Factors , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: To find the prevalence of depression and the level of anxiety in a group of patients with diabetes mellitus type II (DM); to compare the presence of psychiatric pathology with different variables and contrast the diabetic group's results with those of a group of non-diabetic patients. DESIGN: A comparative crossover study. SETTING: The Ronda Prim Health Centre, Mataró. PATIENTS AND OTHER PARTICIPANTS: The diabetics controlled of 4 of the 6 Basic Care Units (BCU) of our Centre. The comparison group consisted of 85 patients who attended the Centre of their own accord, matched for gender, age and BCU. The two groups did not differ as to socio-economic level, marital status and job. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Two self-applicable tests were given to all the patients: the Stai test to measure anxiety and the Beck one to determine depression. 27% of the diabetic patients had depression, as against 47% of those in the comparison group (p = 0.001). For the diabetic group, depression and anxiety level was found to have no relationship with the length of the DM's development, its treatment and chronic complications, the performance of self-analysis techniques and glycaemic control. CONCLUSIONS: The group of diabetics studied displayed a prevalence of psychiatric pathology very much lower than the control group. No statistically significant relationship was found between depression and anxiety levels, and different variables associated with DM.
Subject(s)
Anxiety/psychology , Depression/psychology , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/psychology , Age Factors , Anxiety/etiology , Depression/etiology , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications , Educational Status , Female , Humans , Male , Occupations , Prevalence , Seasons , Sex Factors , Socioeconomic Factors , Spain/epidemiologySubject(s)
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/therapy , Program Evaluation , Quality of Health Care , Humans , SpainABSTRACT
A cross-sectional study was carried out in Cornellà with type II diabetic patients to assess their prevalence of microangiopathy and their major risk factors. The study included 297 patients (102 males and 197 females) with a mean age of 61 years. In 45.5% of cases some feature of microangiopathy was found: 35% had peripheral vascular disease; 24.5% had coronary artery disease, and 7.1% cerebrovascular disease. The variables associated with this complication were investigated with the logistic regression technique. A significant association was found between microangiopathy as a whole and the duration of diabetes mellitus, age and smoking. Peripheral vascular disease was associated with age, clinical duration and male sex; coronary artery disease was associated with male sex and the mean level of blood triglycerides, and cerebrovascular disease was associated with age.
Subject(s)
Cerebrovascular Disorders/epidemiology , Coronary Disease/epidemiology , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications , Diabetic Angiopathies/epidemiology , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/epidemiology , Aged , Cerebrovascular Disorders/etiology , Coronary Disease/etiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Diabetic Angiopathies/etiology , Female , Humans , Logistic Models , Male , Middle Aged , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/etiology , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
A cross-sectional study of 297 type 2 diabetic patients was carried out to evaluate their prevalence of peripheral somatic neuropathy. Their mean age was 61 years, with a predominance of females (65.7%) over males (34.3%). The clinical duration of diabetes was longer than 10 year in 45% of the evaluated patients, and metabolic control was poor in almost one half of them (49.5%). The most common symptom were cramps, while abnormal vibratory sense was the predominant physical finding. Neuropathy was significantly associated with mean age (t = 4.32, p less than 0.0001), the years of duration of diabetes (chi(2) = 11.16, p = 0.01) and the metabolic control degree (chi(2) = 24.2, p less than 0.001) in the bivariate analysis, while in multivariate analysis it was only associated with age (e beta = 1,637, p less than 0.0001) and the metabolic control degree (e beta = 4.02, p less than 0.0001).
