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Ann Emerg Med ; 58(1 Suppl 1): S74-8, 2011 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21684413

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: We evaluate the feasibility and accuracy of existing point-of-care HIV tests performed by an untrained patient compared with the routinely used HIV point-of-care test offered to patients in 2 urban emergency departments (EDs). METHODS: From April 2008 through December 2009, patients who had completed a standard HIV oral fluid test performed by a trained health care professional and who were unaware of their results were recruited to perform a rapid point-of-care HIV test. Patients were given a choice of the oral fluid or the fingerstick blood point-of-care test. Evaluation of acceptability to perform the mechanics of the test was accessed by questionnaire. For the "self-test," the participant obtained his or her own sample and performed the test. The patient's results were compared with standard oral fluid results obtained by the health care professional. RESULTS: Overall, 478 of 564 (85%) patients receiving a standard oral fluid HIV test volunteered, with a mean age of 38 to 39 years. Ninety-one percent of participants chose oral fluid and 9% chose blood (P<.05). Self-test results were 99.6% concordant with health care professionals' test results. For the self-testers, 94% of oral fluid testers and 84.4% of blood testers reported trusting the self-administered test result "very much." Furthermore, 95.6% of the oral fluid group and 93.3% of the blood group would "probably" or "definitely" perform a test at home, if available. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that a significant proportion of patients offered a self-HIV point-of-care test volunteered and preferred using oral fluid. Patients' results agreed with standard HIV point-of-care results. The majority of participants trusted their results and would perform a point-of-care HIV test at home, given the opportunity.


Subject(s)
Emergency Service, Hospital , HIV Infections/diagnosis , Patient Acceptance of Health Care , Adolescent , Adult , Attitude to Health , Baltimore/epidemiology , Female , HIV Infections/epidemiology , HIV Infections/psychology , Hospitals, Urban , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Patient Acceptance of Health Care/psychology , Patient Acceptance of Health Care/statistics & numerical data , Patient Satisfaction , Point-of-Care Systems/statistics & numerical data , Self Care/psychology , Self Care/statistics & numerical data , Urban Population/statistics & numerical data , Young Adult
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