[The effect of immunomodulators on the functional activity of polymorphonuclear leukocytes from the peripheral blood of healthy subjects in vitro]. / [Vliianie nekotorykh immunomodulatorov na funktsional'nuiu aktivnost' polimorfno-iadernykh leikotsitov perifericheskoi krovi zdorovykh liudei in vitro.

The effect of such immunomodulators as glucoaminylmuramyldipeptide, gamma-interferon and polyoxydonium on the functional activity of phagocytic cells of peripheral blood taken from 33 healthy donors was studied. The adhesion of these cells on the plastic surface, their spontaneous and induced luminol-dependent chemiluminescence, the activity of myeloperoxidase and acidic phosphatase and changes in the activity of enzymes after the in vitro stimulation of the cells, the results of the spontaneous and induced nitro blue tetrazolium test, chemotaxis of neutrophils and the content of nonenzymatic cation proteins in neutrophils were determined. The study revealed considerable differences in the effect produced by the above-mentioned immunomodulating preparations on some manifestations of the phagocyte reactiveness in the examined subjects. Only in 30.0% of cases similar in vitro sensitivity of cells to two or all three preparations was registered, and in 15.2% of cases no stimulating effect was noted. Peripheral blood neutrophils are supposed to have individual sensitivity to certain immunostimulators.

[Phagocytic link of immunity in patients surgically treated for chronic calculous cholecystitis]. / Fagotsitarnoe zveno immuniteta u operirovannykh po povodu khronicheskogo kal'kuleznogo kholetsistita.

Twenty-two females, 38 to 75 years of age, who underwent planned operation for chronic uncomplicated calculous cholecystitis were examined in the pre- and postoperative period. Postoperative pneumonia developed in 4 (13.4%) patients, no other complications occurred. Functional neutrophil activity was studied according to the following parameters: spontaneous and induced NBT test, myeloperoxidase activity, amount of cationic proteins, expression of Fc receptors, spontaneous and induced luminol-dependent chemiluminescence, neutrophil bactericidal action against H-thymidine-labelled Staphylococcus aureus (strain 209), amount of blood immunoglobulins, and the modulating effect of serum of patients on the chemiluminescence of neutrophils of healthy donors. The control group consisted of 35 volunteers whose ages ranged from 18 to 50 years. Basic differences were revealed between the indices of neutrophil activity in patients with an uneventful postoperative period and those of patients with infectious complications in the preoperative period which became much graver in the early postoperative period. This suggests that neutrophilic dysfunctions play a significant role in the development of postoperative infectious complications in this category of patients.

[Comparative analysis of functional activity of peripheral blood phagocytes in HIV-infected patients and in those with recurrent herpes simplex]. / Sravnitel'nyi analiz funktsional'noi aktivnosti fagotsitiruiushchikh kletok perifericheskoi krovi u VICh-infitsirovannykh lits i u bol'nykh retsidiviruiushchei virusnoi infektsiei herpes simplex.

The functional activity of peripheral phagocytes were comparatively studied in 14 HIV-infected patients and 28 patients with chronic Herpes simplex viral infection. The two groups exhibited lowered adhesive capacity of phagocytes, impaired production and excretion of active oxygen metabolites. In addition, the patients with chronic Herpes simplex infection showed much elevated levels of myeloperoxidase and acid phosphatase, which indicated its compensatory pattern. The HIV infected had no enhanced enzymatic activity. One cannot rule out that these differences in the functional activity of phagocytes are associated with different effects of viral peptides on the cellular wall of phagocytes.

[Changes in the myeloperoxidase and acid phosphatase activities in human peripheral blood neutrophils with the cells stimulated in vitro]. / Izmenenie aktivnosti mieloperoksidazy i kisloi fosfatazy v neitrofilakh perifericheskoi krovi cheloveka pri stimuliatsii kletok in vitro.

In four series of experiments human peripheral blood neutrophils were found capable of synthetizing the active forms of such enzymes as myeloperoxidase and acid phosphatase after stimulation with opsonized zymosan, and the optimum conditions for testing the synthetizing activity of neutrophils were established. The examination of 39 practically healthy donors revealed an approximate equilibrium between the synthesis of the active forms of the enzyme and its excretion from the cell after this cell was activated. Considerable changes in the enzymatic activity of peripheral blood neutrophils were found in patients with yersiniosis, chronic herpes, chronic bronchitis and AIDS-associated complex. The possibility of a deficient enzymatic activity in some patients was suggested.

[Indicators of oxygen-dependent metabolism of peripheral blood neutrophils in the differential diagnosis of bacterial and viral infections]. / Pokazateli kislorodzavisimogo metabolizma neitrofilov perifericheskoi krovi dlia differentsial'noi diagnostiki bakterial'noi i virusnoi infektsii.

Oxygen-dependent metabolism of peripheral neutrophils was compared for viral hepatitis and acute yersiniosis patients. The metabolism inhibition was seen in both the diseases with lower values for viral hepatitis. Neutrophil function was dependent on the disease gravity. Its recovery went in parallel with other clinical and laboratory signs of convalescence. A luminol-dependent chemiluminescence test is proposed for differential diagnosis of viral hepatitis with jaundices in generalized bacterial infection.