ABSTRACT
A thin-layer chromatographic method is described for the determination of mandelic and phenyglyoxillic acid on silicagel (Silufol UV 254) after extraction from urine of styrene exposed workers. The quantitative determination was performed after eluting the spots. Phenylglyoxilic acid was measured at 255 nm and mandelic acid by derivative spectroscopically estimation of the .CH(OH).COOH -chromophore at 217 nm or by a three-wavelength mode, respectively. The recovery in urine was 80-104% for phenylglyoxilic acid and 99-105% for mandelic acid.
Subject(s)
Chromatography, Thin Layer/methods , Glyoxylates/pharmacokinetics , Mandelic Acids/pharmacokinetics , Styrenes/pharmacokinetics , Humans , StyreneSubject(s)
Cholesterol/analysis , Liver/analysis , Animals , Cholesterol Oxidase/metabolism , Kinetics , Male , Rats , Reference Standards , SpectrophotometryABSTRACT
An enzymatic method is described for the determination of triacylglycerols in liver homogenate. In contrast to usual methods, higher reliability and selectivity are achieved by omitting the extraction step.
Subject(s)
Liver/analysis , Triglycerides/analysis , Animals , Glycerol/analysis , Male , Rats , Rats, Inbred Strains , Spectrophotometry, UltravioletABSTRACT
The amounts of total porphyrins, hippuric acid and creatinine, excreted in urine by adult male Wistar rats, exhibited normal distributions for hippuric acid and creatinine, but a bimodal distribution for total porphyrins. This typical distribution of total porphyrins was still observed when creatinine was used as reference parameter. In biochemical and toxicological experiments in rats, the tested parameters should be therefore be investigated for homogeneity.
Subject(s)
Hippurates/urine , Porphyrins/urine , Animals , Creatinine/urine , Male , Rats , Rats, Inbred StrainsSubject(s)
Aniline Compounds/poisoning , Hot Temperature/adverse effects , Animals , Benzhydryl Compounds/poisoning , Body Weight/drug effects , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Environmental Exposure , Enzyme Activation/drug effects , Humans , Liver/drug effects , Rats , Rats, Inbred Strains , Temperature , Time FactorsSubject(s)
Benzene/toxicity , Carbon Tetrachloride/toxicity , Ethane/analogs & derivatives , Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated/toxicity , Liver/drug effects , Animals , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Environmental Exposure , Ethane/toxicity , Lethal Dose 50 , Male , Maximum Allowable Concentration , Rats , Time FactorsSubject(s)
Carboxylic Acids/adverse effects , Fatty Alcohols/adverse effects , Animals , Eye/drug effects , Female , Fluorine/adverse effects , Guinea Pigs , Hypertrophy/chemically induced , Lethal Dose 50 , Liver/drug effects , Male , Mice , Mice, Inbred ICR , Mucous Membrane/drug effects , Rabbits , Rats , Skin/drug effectsABSTRACT
Within the lethal dose range, 8.70 mmol/ml ethanol (EtOH, LD50 = 226 mmol/kg) and 6.86 mmol/ml styrene (ST, LD50 = 77.4 mmol/kg) had an additive effect in rats. A four-week pretreatment with 1/10 of the LD50 of the corresponding combination partner did not modify the lethal dose effect of the subsequently administered substance (EtOH or ST). Subchronical treatment with EtOH and ST had an additive effect, too but produced no cumulative effect in relation to lethality. Unlike EtOH, subchronical treatment with ST caused severe symptoms of illness, decrease in body weight and liver lesions. Histological examination at the combined application of EtOH plus ST showed no evidence of qualitatively or intensified effects. Subchronic administration of 1/10 of the LD50-ies of EtOH and ST produced in rats more pronounced histological liver changes than single application of the corresponding LD16-ies. Except for ATP'ase activity, histochemical reactions following EtOH or ST application showed minimal quantitative differences.
Subject(s)
Alcoholic Intoxication/pathology , Styrenes/toxicity , Adenosine Triphosphatases/metabolism , Animals , Drug Interactions , Ethanol/administration & dosage , Female , Humans , Lethal Dose 50 , Liver/enzymology , Liver/pathology , Male , Rats , Stomach/pathology , Styrenes/administration & dosageABSTRACT
Male albino rats were orally treated in a single dose with 40 mg allyl alcohol/kg or 50 mg 4,4'-methylenedianilline/kg, or 100 mg 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane/kg, or 400 mg carbon tetrachloride/kg, or 800 mg chloroforme/kg, immediately after-wards exposed to increased temperature (35 degrees C, 50% RH, 4 h), and examined 20--22 hours later. Under these conditions, only carbon tetrachloride led to a more intensified changes manifesting themselves in changes of the serum enzymes LAP, ALAT, and GLDH, as well as in liver histology. The liver lesions, caused by the substances mentioned, reacted to an additional thermal strain in a comparable manner as the LD50-values determined under identical exposure conditions. The temperature-dependent enhancement of the carbon tetrachloride hepatotoxicity is ascribed to an intensification of liver peroxidation processes due to increased core temperature.
Subject(s)
Aniline Compounds/toxicity , Ethane/analogs & derivatives , Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated/toxicity , Liver/drug effects , Propanols , 1-Propanol/toxicity , Animals , Benzhydryl Compounds/toxicity , Carbon Tetrachloride/toxicity , Chloroform/toxicity , Ethane/toxicity , Liver/metabolism , Male , Rats , TemperatureABSTRACT
A single oral administration of 27 mg 11-H-eicosafluorundecanoic acid/kg of body weight (according to 1/20 of the oral LD50; 0.049 mM) resulted in a long lasting hepatomegaly in male rats. This was accompanied by a decrease of the triglyceride and total lipid levels in blood serum, a temporary increase of the total lipids in the liver, and an increase of the hexobarbital sleeping time, the latter being normalized before the liver/body weight ratio reached the control level. The bromothalein elimination and the S-alanine amino transferase and S-alkaline phosphatase activities were not affected.
