ABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to describe X-ray and computed tomography signs and to estimate the severity of femoral head necrosis in patients with sickle cell disease. We studied two groups of patients with sickle cell disease (group A: 14 patients with no hip pain and group B: 34 patients with hip pain) over 17 months. Each patient underwent hip X-ray (lying face-down) and CT scan. None of the patients in group A presented hip lesions whereas we detected 42 necrotic femoral head lesions by standard X ray and 51 by CT scan. The lesions were frequently bilateral (82.14%) and were more frequent in young patients (from 11 to 30 years old). Their progression was faster in patients with the SS genotype. No significant difference was observed according to type of hemoglobin. All patients with sickle cell disease presenting with hip pain should undergo CT scan to check for femoral head necrosis.
Subject(s)
Anemia, Sickle Cell/complications , Femur Head Necrosis/complications , Femur Head Necrosis/diagnostic imaging , Adolescent , Adult , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Prospective Studies , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
The aim of this retrospective study was to document the various causes of epilepsy determined by computed tomography (CT). We studied 205 CT scans carried out in patients with symptomatic epilepsy. We identified 52 (25.36%) pathological causes: 18 cases (34.62%) of infectious lesions, predominantly toxoplasmosis, 9 cases (17.30%) of tumors, 9 cases (17.30%) of vascular lesions and 8 cases (15.39%) of post-traumatic and atrophic lesions. CT is of great value in the diagnosis of epilepsy, not only in the assessment of the disease, but also for identifying the lesion responsible for the seizures, which may be treatable. It is advisable to carry out a CT scan for any patient presenting with symptomatic epilepsy.
Subject(s)
Epilepsy/diagnostic imaging , Epilepsy/etiology , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Atrophy , Brain/pathology , Brain Diseases/complications , Brain Injuries/complications , Brain Neoplasms/complications , Cerebrovascular Disorders/complications , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Meningeal Neoplasms/complications , Meningioma/complications , Middle Aged , Neurocysticercosis/complications , Retrospective Studies , Toxoplasmosis, Cerebral/complicationsABSTRACT
This study assess the incidence of fetal malformations and the contribution of ultrasound scans to their diagnosis in utero. We reviewed the files of 1,960 pregnant women of whom 30 (1.53%) had malformed fetuses. Ultrasound scanning detected 29 of these cases and failed to detect only one case (an arterial canal malformation). Neurological malformations, particularly hydrocephalus and anencephaly, were most common (12 cases), followed by urinary tract abnormalities (hydronephrosis and renal polycystosis). Other malformations, such as those of the digestive tract, thorax and face, occurred less frequently. Ultrasound scans can be used to decide whether the pregnancy should be continued and what postnatal treatment should be given.
