ABSTRACT
The aim of this retrospective study was to document the various causes of epilepsy determined by computed tomography (CT). We studied 205 CT scans carried out in patients with symptomatic epilepsy. We identified 52 (25.36%) pathological causes: 18 cases (34.62%) of infectious lesions, predominantly toxoplasmosis, 9 cases (17.30%) of tumors, 9 cases (17.30%) of vascular lesions and 8 cases (15.39%) of post-traumatic and atrophic lesions. CT is of great value in the diagnosis of epilepsy, not only in the assessment of the disease, but also for identifying the lesion responsible for the seizures, which may be treatable. It is advisable to carry out a CT scan for any patient presenting with symptomatic epilepsy.
Subject(s)
Epilepsy/diagnostic imaging , Epilepsy/etiology , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Atrophy , Brain/pathology , Brain Diseases/complications , Brain Injuries/complications , Brain Neoplasms/complications , Cerebrovascular Disorders/complications , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Meningeal Neoplasms/complications , Meningioma/complications , Middle Aged , Neurocysticercosis/complications , Retrospective Studies , Toxoplasmosis, Cerebral/complicationsABSTRACT
This study assess the incidence of fetal malformations and the contribution of ultrasound scans to their diagnosis in utero. We reviewed the files of 1,960 pregnant women of whom 30 (1.53%) had malformed fetuses. Ultrasound scanning detected 29 of these cases and failed to detect only one case (an arterial canal malformation). Neurological malformations, particularly hydrocephalus and anencephaly, were most common (12 cases), followed by urinary tract abnormalities (hydronephrosis and renal polycystosis). Other malformations, such as those of the digestive tract, thorax and face, occurred less frequently. Ultrasound scans can be used to decide whether the pregnancy should be continued and what postnatal treatment should be given.
