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1.
Rev. bras. ciênc. mov ; 29(4): [1-28], out.-dez. 2021. tab, ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1369674

ABSTRACT

O objetivo do estudo é verificar o agrupamento dos fatores de risco cardiometabólicos e as possíveis mudanças deste, após um programa de intervenção interdisciplinar realizado com adolescentes com sobrepeso/obesidade. Os sujeitos foram alocados em dois grupos: grupo intervenção e grupo controle. O grupo intervenção participou de um programa com a duração de seis meses, com sessões três vezes por semana, que incluiu sessões com exercícios físicos, orientações nutricionais e psicológicas. Foram realizadas avaliações antropométricas, pressão arterial, aptidão cardiorrespiratória e coleta sanguínea para avaliação da glicose e perfil lipídico, antes e após o período de intervenção. Análise de componentes principais foi realizada para verificar o agrupamento dos fatores de risco nos períodos pré e pós-intervenção. A análise fatorial agrupou os componentes em três fatores no momento pré-intervenção, no grupo intervenção, que representou 83,88% da variância total do modelo. Já, no grupo controle, no período pré e pós-intervenção, e na avaliação pós-intervenção do grupo intervenção, os componentes foram agrupados em dois fatores centrais, que explicam, respectivamente, 68,38%, 71,23%, 75,19% da variância total do modelo. O grupo intervenção apresentou mudanças no agrupamento das variáveis nos resultados pós-intervenção, em comparação com o pré-teste. Nenhum componente central, que inter-relacionasse todos os demais fatores, nas quatro análises realizadas, foi encontrado. Entretanto, as variáveis antropométricas aparecem como os componentes de maior carga fatorial, agrupadas no fator 1, em todas as análises realizadas, fator que explica a maior variância total em torno das variáveis iniciais. (AU)


The objective of the study is to verify the grouping of cardiometabolic risk factors and their possible changes after an interdisciplinary intervention program performed with overweight/obese adolescents. The subjects were allocated in two groups: the intervention group and the control group. The intervention group participated in a program lasting six months, with sessions three times a week, which included sessions with physical exercises, nutritional and psychological orientations. Anthropometric evaluations, blood pressure, cardiorespiratory fitness, and blood collection were performed for evaluation of glucose and lipid profile before and after the intervention period. Main component analysis was performed to verify the grouping of risk factors in the pre-and post-intervention periods. The factorial analysis grouped the components into three factors at the pre-intervention time, in the intervention group, which represented 83.88% of the total variance of the model. In the control group, in the pre-and post-intervention period, and in the post-intervention evaluation of the intervention group, the components were grouped into two central factors, which explain, respectively, 68.38%, 71.23%, 75, 19% of the total variance of the model. The intervention group presented changes in the grouping of the variables in the post-intervention results, compared to the pre-test. No central component, which interrelated all the other factors, was found in the four analyzes. However, the anthropometric variables appear as the components of higher factor load, grouped in factor 1, in all the analyzes performed, a factor that explains the largest total variance around the initial variables. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Adolescent , Adolescent , Overweight , Cardiometabolic Risk Factors , Obesity , Blood Pressure , Exercise , Anthropometry , Chronic Disease , Control Groups , Health Risk , Arterial Pressure , Cardiorespiratory Fitness , Heart Disease Risk Factors , Lipids , Metabolic Diseases
2.
J. Hum. Growth Dev. (Impr.) ; 30(2): 274-282, May-Aug. 2020. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS, Index Psychology - journals | ID: biblio-1114936

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Overweight children and adolescents are more susceptible to metabolic disorders. However, changes in lifestyle can prevent or delay the appearance of risk factors, highlighting the importance of intervening early in this populationOBJECTIVE: To analyze the effects of a six months interdisciplinary intervention program on the indicators of insulin resistance and uric acid levels in overweight and obese studentsMETHODS: This is an interventional study in overweight adolescents, composed of a control group (n=19) and an intervention group (n=20). The group participated in a six-month program with nutritional, psychological and physical exercise intervention, three times a week. The values of waist circumference, glucose, insulin, uric acid assessment and HOMA-IR index, were evaluated before and after the programRESULTS: After 6 months, the intervention group had a significant reduction in waist circumference (p=0.007), HOMA-IR index (p=0.048) and uric acid (p=0.036); the control group did not present differences in the pre and post evaluationCONCLUSION: The intervention program was effective in reducing waist circumference, HOMA-IR and uric acid levels in overweight adolescents


INTRODUÇÃO: Crianças e adolescentes com excesso de peso são mais suscetíveis a apresentarem disfunções metabólicas. No entanto, mudanças no estilo de vida podem prevenir ou retardar o surgimento de fatores de risco, destacando a importância de intervir precocemente nesta populaçãoOBJETIVO: Analisar os efeitos de seis meses de um programa de intervenção interdisciplinar sobre os indicadores de resistência à insulina e os níveis de ácido úrico em escolares com sobrepeso e obesidadeMÉTODO: Estudo de intervenção, realizado com adolescentes com excesso de peso, composto por grupo controle (n=19) e grupo intervenção (n=20), que participou de programa de seis meses com intervenção nutricional, psicológica e de exercícios físicos, três vezes por semana. Foi avaliada a circunferência da cintura (CC), realizada coleta sanguínea para avaliação da glicose, insulina e ácido úrico e calculado o índice HOMA-IR, antes e após o programaRESULTADOS: O grupo intervenção apresentou redução significante da circunferência da cintura (p=0,007), índice HOMA-IR (p=0,048) e ácido úrico (p=0,036), após os seis meses do programa; já o grupo controle não apresentou diferenças na pré e pós avaliaçãoCONCLUSÃO: O programa de intervenção mostrou-se eficiente na redução da circunferência da cintura, HOMA-IR e níveis de ácido úrico em adolescentes com excesso de peso


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Uric Acid , Insulin Resistance , Child , Adolescent , Obesity
3.
J Pediatr Genet ; 9(1): 19-26, 2020 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31976139

ABSTRACT

Few studies show the potential changing effect of fat-mass and obesity-associated ( FTO ) rs9939609 gene on cardiometabolic risk after a lifestyle intervention. This study aims to evaluate whether overweight and obese adolescents, carriers of the risk genotypes for obesity of the FTO rs9939609 gene polymorphism, have different anthropometric and biochemical responses to an interdisciplinary intervention program. The quasi-experimental study involved 34 adolescents aged 10 to 15 years. Schoolchildren with AA/AT genotype decreased glucose, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. However, there were no differences between the genotypes, suggesting that the "A" allele did not modify the subject's response to the intervention program.

4.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; Arq. bras. cardiol;112(6): 729-736, Jun. 2019. tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1011206

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background: The presence of dyslipidemia and behavioral aspects are determinants of cardiovascular risk, especially in childhood and adolescence. Objective: To verify possible relationships between dyslipidemia, cultural factors, and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in schoolchildren. Methods: This cross-sectional study evaluated a sample of 1,254 children and adolescents between the ages of 7 and 17 from the South of Brazil, 686 of whom were female. Dyslipidemia was defined as increased levels of at least one of the following lipid profile parameters: triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and fractions of high (HDL-c) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL-c). Cultural aspects were evaluated by a self-reported questionnaire. Data were analyzed by logistic regression, considering the odds ratios (OR) and confidence intervals (CI) at 95%. Results: The results revealed a high prevalence of dyslipidemia (41.9%), which was associated with female sex (OR: 1.56; IC: 1.24-1.96) and overweight/obese status (OR: 1.55; IC: 1.20-2.00). When lipid profile parameters were evaluated separately, high levels of LDL-c were observed to be associated with sedentary school transport (OR: 1.59; IC: 1.20-2.09). Schoolchildren who were overweight/obese had higher chances of elevated levels of TC (OR: 1.40; IC: 1.07-1.84) and TG (OR: 3.21; IC: 1.96-5.26). HDL-c was shown to be related to high television time (OR: 1.59; IC: 1.00-2.54). Conclusion: Alterations in lipid parameters are associated with cultural factors, especially those related to sedentary lifestyle and low levels of CRF.


Resumo Fundamento: A presença de dislipidemia e os aspectos comportamentais são fatores determinantes do risco cardiovascular, sobretudo na infância e adolescência. Objetivos: Verificar possíveis relações entre dislipidemia, fatores culturais e aptidão cardiorrespiratória (APCR) em escolares. Métodos: São sujeitos deste estudo transversal 1.254 crianças e adolescentes do Sul do Brasil, sendo 686 do sexo feminino, com idade entre 7 e 17 anos. Foi considerada dislipidemia a presença de níveis aumentados em pelo menos um dos parâmetros do perfil lipídico: triglicerídeos (TG), colesterol total (CT) e frações de alta (HDL-c) e baixa densidade (LDL-c). Os aspectos culturais foram avaliados por meio de questionário autorreferido pelo escolar. Os dados foram analisados pela regressão logística, considerando os valores de razão de chances (odds ratio; OR) e intervalos de confiança (IC) para 95%. Resultados: Foi encontrada elevada prevalência de dislipidemia (41,9%), a qual esteve associada com o sexo feminino (OR: 1,56; IC: 1,24-1,96) e com a presença de sobrepeso/obesidade (OR: 1,55; IC: 1,20-2,00). Quando os componentes do perfil lipídico foram avaliados de forma separada, observou-se que altos níveis de LDL-c se associaram ao deslocamento sedentário para a escola (OR: 1,59; IC: 1,20-2,09). Escolares com sobrepeso/obesidade apresentam maiores chances de elevação nos níveis de CT (OR: 1,40; IC: 1,07-1,84) e TG (OR: 3,21; IC: 1,96-5,26). O HDL-c apresentou associação com o elevado tempo em frente à televisão (OR: 1,59; IC: 1,00-2,54). Conclusão: A presença de alteração nos parâmetros lipídicos associa-se com fatores culturais, especialmente voltados ao sedentarismo e baixos níveis de APCR.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Triglycerides/blood , Dyslipidemias/diagnosis , Sedentary Behavior , Cardiorespiratory Fitness/physiology , Lipids/blood , Obesity/physiopathology , Body Mass Index , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Risk Factors , Cultural Characteristics , Dyslipidemias/physiopathology , Dyslipidemias/blood , Lipids/biosynthesis , Obesity/diagnosis , Obesity/blood
5.
Rev. bras. ciênc. mov ; 27(2): 133-142, abr.-jun.2019. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1009283

ABSTRACT

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os efeitos de um programa de intervenção sobre a função pulmonar, aptidão cardiorrespiratória (APCR) e força explosiva de membros superiores (FMS) de adolescentes com excesso de peso. De caráter quase-experimental, o estudo avaliou 46 adolescentes com excesso de peso, alocados no Grupo Experimental (GE) (n=23) e Grupo Controle (GC) (n=23). O GE participou do programa de intervenção interdisciplinar, três vezes por semana, com orientação nutricional, psicológica e exercícios físicos ao longo de seis meses. Foram realizadas avaliações, da função pulmonar, APCR e FMS de ambos os grupos, antes e após o programa. A análise estatística realizada no programa SPSS, comparou os resultados pré e pós-teste, entre os grupos, utilizando o teste t Student para amostras independentes e o teste de Mann-Whitney. A comparação intragrupos foi realizada através do teste Student ou Wilcoxon (p<0,05). Não houve diferença significativa entre o GE e GC na comparação das variáveis espirométricas referentes à função pulmonar, APCR e FMS, tanto no pré-teste, quanto no pósteste. Na comparação intragrupo, o programa de intervenção foi eficaz no aumento da APCR (p=0,035) e da FMS (p=0,009) nos adolescentes do sexo masculino do grupo experimental. No GC houve redução do fluxo expiratório forçado entre 25 e 75% da curva de capacidade vital forçada (FEF25/75 (% predito)) no sexo masculino (p=0,039). Conclui-se que, embora o programa de intervenção não tenha demonstrado modificações significativas nos parâmetros avaliados na comparação intergrupos, observou-se melhora da APCR e FMS do sexo masculino do GE, ressaltando a importância da prática de atividade física orientada....(AU)


The objective of the study was to evaluate the effects of an interdisciplinary intervention program on lung function, cardiorespiratory fitness and upper limb strength in overweight schoolchildren. The study is characterized as quasi-experimental, performed with adolescents diagnosed with overweight /obesity, constituted by experimental group and control group. The experimental group participated in an interdisciplinary program with a duration of six months, and an evaluation was carried out prior to and at the end of the program. The intervention sessions were performed on three days of the week and constituted by physical exercises, nutritional and psychological orientation. Anthropometric assessments, cardiorespiratory fitness, upper limb explosive force and pulmonary function were performed. For the comparison of the variables in the pre- and post-test moments, between the control and experimental groups, the t test was used for independent samples and the Mann-Whitney test was used for the nonparametric variables. In the intragroup comparison, the t-test for paired samples was used for the variables of normal distribution and, for non-parametric variables, the Wilcoxon test was applied. The tests performed adopted the level of significance of p <0.05. In the intragroup comparison, the male gender of the experimental group showed a significant increase in cardiorespiratory fitness (p = 0.035) and upper limb explosive force (p = 0.009). There was a reduction in forced expiratory flow between 25 and 75% of the forced vital capacity curve (FEF25/75% predicted) in the male sex of the CG (p <0.039). The female sex of both groups did not show significant alterations in the evaluated parameters. In conclusion, the intervention program was effective in increasing the levels of cardiorespiratory fitness and explosive strength of upper limbs of the male adolescents of the experimental group. Spirometric parameters did not show significant changes in both sexes....(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Spirometry , Adolescent , Cardiorespiratory Fitness , Obesity , Physical Education and Training
6.
Rev Port Cardiol (Engl Ed) ; 38(3): 195-201, 2019 Mar.
Article in English, Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31005363

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Pediatric hypertension has increased in the last decade, and it is thus crucial to identify the factors associated with the development of high blood pressure (BP) and other cardiovascular disorders. The aim of this study was to determine whether there is an association between high BP and sociodemographic and biochemical factors in schoolchildren. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 1201 children and adolescents, between seven and 17 years old, of both sexes. The sociodemographic data analyzed were gender, age, school system and socioeconomic status. Among biochemical indicators, blood glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) and LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) were assessed. In the analysis of BP, schoolchildren were classified as normal, borderline or hypertensive. Associations were tested using Poisson regression through prevalence ratios (PR). RESULTS: High BP was identified in 16.2% of the students. In females, the prevalence of high BP was 7% lower than in males (p=0.001), but was higher among adolescents (PR: 1.11, p<0.001) and schoolchildren in the state school system (PR: 1.05; p=0.013). Concerning biochemical indicators, BP change was associated with pre-diabetes (PR: 1.09; p=0.001) and borderline HDL-C (PR: 1.09; p=0.007). CONCLUSION: Among the sociodemographic factors associated with high BP are male gender, adolescence and attending the state education system. This condition was also associated with pre-diabetes and borderline HDL-C.


Subject(s)
Blood Pressure/physiology , Hypertension/epidemiology , Lipids/blood , Schools , Students/statistics & numerical data , Adolescent , Biomarkers/blood , Brazil/epidemiology , Child , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Hypertension/blood , Hypertension/physiopathology , Male , Prevalence , Risk Factors , Sex Factors , Socioeconomic Factors
7.
Arq Bras Cardiol ; 112(6): 729-736, 2019 06.
Article in English, Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30970143

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The presence of dyslipidemia and behavioral aspects are determinants of cardiovascular risk, especially in childhood and adolescence. OBJECTIVE: To verify possible relationships between dyslipidemia, cultural factors, and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in schoolchildren. METHODS: This cross-sectional study evaluated a sample of 1,254 children and adolescents between the ages of 7 and 17 from the South of Brazil, 686 of whom were female. Dyslipidemia was defined as increased levels of at least one of the following lipid profile parameters: triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and fractions of high (HDL-c) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL-c). Cultural aspects were evaluated by a self-reported questionnaire. Data were analyzed by logistic regression, considering the odds ratios (OR) and confidence intervals (CI) at 95%. RESULTS: The results revealed a high prevalence of dyslipidemia (41.9%), which was associated with female sex (OR: 1.56; IC: 1.24-1.96) and overweight/obese status (OR: 1.55; IC: 1.20-2.00). When lipid profile parameters were evaluated separately, high levels of LDL-c were observed to be associated with sedentary school transport (OR: 1.59; IC: 1.20-2.09). Schoolchildren who were overweight/obese had higher chances of elevated levels of TC (OR: 1.40; IC: 1.07-1.84) and TG (OR: 3.21; IC: 1.96-5.26). HDL-c was shown to be related to high television time (OR: 1.59; IC: 1.00-2.54). CONCLUSION: Alterations in lipid parameters are associated with cultural factors, especially those related to sedentary lifestyle and low levels of CRF.


Subject(s)
Cardiorespiratory Fitness/physiology , Dyslipidemias/diagnosis , Lipids/blood , Obesity/physiopathology , Sedentary Behavior , Triglycerides/blood , Adolescent , Body Mass Index , Child , Cross-Sectional Studies , Cultural Characteristics , Dyslipidemias/blood , Dyslipidemias/physiopathology , Female , Humans , Lipids/biosynthesis , Male , Obesity/blood , Obesity/diagnosis , Prevalence , Risk Factors
8.
Rev. Paul. Pediatr. (Ed. Port., Online) ; 37(2): 181-187, Apr.-June 2019. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1013284

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To verify if there is an association between cardiometabolic risk factors and active daily commuting to school among children and adolescents. Methods: A total of 1,743 schoolchildren aged 7 to 17 years old were evaluated in the city of Santa Cruz do Sul (RS). The way of commuting to school was investigated with a questionnaire, and the cardiometabolic risk factors analyzed were body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure, blood glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol (TC) and fractions, LDL and HDL. Results: The prevalence of active commuting among schoolchildren was 48.0% (95%CI 45.7-50.4), and it was associated, in the crude analysis, with blood glucose and LDL cholesterol levels. Passive schoolchildren had a 1.1 higher prevalence ratio of high glucose and LDL cholesterol levels. However, when sociodemographic variables were included in the model, these associations were not maintained. Conclusions: The prevalence of active commuting in the sample studied is low and it was shown to have a crude association with glucose and LDL cholesterol levels in students. However, sociodemographic factors seem to influence these associations.


RESUMO Objetivo: Verificar se existe associação entre fatores de risco cardiometabólicos e deslocamento ativo à escola em crianças e adolescentes. Métodos: Foram avaliados 1.743 escolares, de sete a 17 anos, do município de Santa Cruz do Sul (RS). A forma de deslocamento até a escola foi investigada por meio de questionário e os fatores de risco cardiometabólicos analisados foram: o índice de massa corpórea (IMC), a circunferência da cintura (CC), a pressão arterial sistólica (PAS) e a diastólica (PAD), glicose, triglicerídeos, colesterol total (CT), LDL e HDL. Resultados: A prevalência de deslocamento ativo entre os escolares foi de 48,0% (IC95% 45,7-50,4) e associou-se, na análise bruta, com os níveis de glicose e colesterol LDL. Escolares que se deslocavam de forma passiva apresentaram uma razão de prevalência (RP) 1,1 vez maior de glicose e colesterol LDL elevados. No entanto, ao serem incluídas variáveis sociodemográficas no modelo, essas associações não se mantiveram. Conclusões: Conclui-se que a prevalência de deslocamento ativo na amostra estudada é baixa e que o deslocamento ativo à escola apresentou associação bruta com os níveis sanguíneos de glicose e de colesterol LDL dos escolares, sendo que se deslocar de forma ativa parece auxiliar na redução desses níveis. Porém, fatores sociodemográficos parecem exercer influência sobre estas associações.


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Male , Child , Adolescent , Blood Glucose/analysis , Cholesterol, LDL/analysis , Transportation/methods , Transportation/statistics & numerical data , Brazil , Cardiovascular Diseases/physiopathology , Cardiovascular Diseases/prevention & control , Cardiovascular Diseases/blood , Exercise/physiology , Exercise/psychology , Body Mass Index , Demography , Prevalence , Risk Factors , Risk Assessment/methods , Sociological Factors
9.
Rev Paul Pediatr ; 37(2): 181-187, 2019.
Article in English, Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30810693

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To verify if there is an association between cardiometabolic risk factors and active daily commuting to school among children and adolescents. METHODS: A total of 1,743 schoolchildren aged 7 to 17 years old were evaluated in the city of Santa Cruz do Sul (RS). The way of commuting to school was investigated with a questionnaire, and the cardiometabolic risk factors analyzed were body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure, blood glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol (TC) and fractions, LDL and HDL. RESULTS: The prevalence of active commuting among schoolchildren was 48.0% (95%CI 45.7-50.4), and it was associated, in the crude analysis, with blood glucose and LDL cholesterol levels. Passive schoolchildren had a 1.1 higher prevalence ratio of high glucose and LDL cholesterol levels. However, when sociodemographic variables were included in the model, these associations were not maintained. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of active commuting in the sample studied is low and it was shown to have a crude association with glucose and LDL cholesterol levels in students. However, sociodemographic factors seem to influence these associations.


Subject(s)
Blood Glucose/analysis , Cardiovascular Diseases , Cholesterol, LDL/analysis , Exercise , Transportation , Adolescent , Body Mass Index , Brazil , Cardiovascular Diseases/blood , Cardiovascular Diseases/physiopathology , Cardiovascular Diseases/prevention & control , Child , Demography , Exercise/physiology , Exercise/psychology , Female , Humans , Male , Prevalence , Risk Assessment/methods , Risk Factors , Sociological Factors , Transportation/methods , Transportation/statistics & numerical data
10.
J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab ; 31(11): 1207-1212, 2018 Nov 27.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30325735

ABSTRACT

Background Studies in adults have shown a relationship between high blood pressure and hyperuricemia, but few studies have investigated this association in children and adolescents. The aim of the present study was to associate urate concentration with systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in schoolchildren. Methods This cross-sectional study used a sample of 2335 schoolchildren in basic education between 7 and 17 years old. Blood pressure was classified by percentile according to Brazilian parameters for sex and age, reclassified into two categories: normal and borderline/hypertension. Blood collection to obtain serum for urate concentration analysis was performed after a 12-h fast. Values above 5.5 mg/dL were considered hyperuricemia. Descriptive data were presented in frequency and percentage. Linear regression and Poisson regression (prevalence ratio [PR]) was used to test the association between urate concentration and blood pressure. Results Urate concentration was weakly associated with SBP (ß: 0.05; 95% CI: 0.02-0.08) and DBP (ß: 0.03; 95% CI: 0.01-0.05) z-scores. Schoolchildren with hyperuricemia had a higher prevalence of high SBP (PR: 1.12; p<0.001) and DBP (PR: 1.08; p<0.001). Conclusions Elevated urate concentration is associated with altered blood pressure in schoolchildren.


Subject(s)
Blood Pressure/physiology , Hypertension/blood , Hyperuricemia/blood , Uric Acid/blood , Adolescent , Brazil , Child , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Hypertension/complications , Hyperuricemia/complications , Male
11.
Eur J Pediatr ; 177(10): 1471-1477, 2018 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29974212

ABSTRACT

The metabolic syndrome (MetS), although more frequent in adults, is already evident in the infant-juvenile population. On the other hand, there are different criteria for the diagnosis, without a consensus of which is the best to be used in this population. The aim of this study was to evaluate the agreement between different criteria for diagnosis of MetS in adolescents from southern Brazil. A cross-sectional study consisting of a sample of 1200 subjects, 679 females, aged between 12 and 17 years. MetS was assessed by three different criteria: Cook (2003), Ferranti (2004), and International Diabetes Federation - IDF (2007). The agreement between the criteria was evaluated by the Kappa index. Low prevalence of MetS was found among schoolchildren (1.9% for Cook, 5.0% for Ferranti, and 2.1% for IDF). Regular (Ferranti - IDF: Kappa 0.382; p < 0.001) and moderate (Cook - Ferranti: Kappa 0.542; p < 0.001; Cook - IDF: Kappa 0.532; p < 0.001) agreement was demonstrated between the criteria. Elevated blood pressure was the most frequent condition in all the criteria, and the least frequent condition was in the glycemia (Cook and Ferranti) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. CONCLUSION: The low prevalence of MetS and the low agreement among the existing criteria suggest the elaboration of new criteria for the diagnosis of MetS in the child and adolescent population. What is Known: • There are different criteria for the diagnosis of the metabolic syndrome (MetS), without a consensus of which is the best to be used in the infant-juvenile population. What is New: • Low prevalence of MetS identified among schoolchildren and the low agreement among the existing criteria suggest the elaboration of new criteria for the diagnosis of MetS in the child and adolescent population.


Subject(s)
Metabolic Syndrome/diagnosis , Adolescent , Brazil/epidemiology , Child , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Male , Metabolic Syndrome/epidemiology , Prevalence , Risk Factors , Schools
12.
Rev. bras. ativ. fís. saúde ; 22(6): 540-545, 05/07/2018. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-911520

ABSTRACT

Estudo teve como objetivo analisar a associação do índice de massa corporal (IMC) e aptidão car-diorrespiratória (APCR) com a prática de atividade física e indicadores de obesidade familiar em escolares. A amostra foi de 1.254 escolares de 7 a 17 anos de idade (54,7% do feminino, 12,0±3,0 anos). Avaliou-se o histórico de obesidade familiar, peso ao nascer, amamentação exclusiva por leite materno e prática de atividades físicas por meio de questionário. A APCR e IMC foram agrupados na variável APCR/IMC: 1) apto/eutrófico; 2) inapto/eutrófico; 3) apto/excesso de peso e; 4) inapto/excesso de peso. Observou-se elevada proporção de escolares inaptos/obesos (19,7% no masculino e 17,6% no feminino). APCR/IMC associou-se de forma negativa com a prática de atividades físicas [(RP= 0,80; IC95%: 0,70-0,92) e (RP= 0,73; IC95%: 0,58-0,91)]; e amamentação exclusiva [(RP= 0,82; IC95%: 0,70-0,97) e (RP= 0,72; IC95%: 0,55-0,96)]; e de forma positiva com obesidade do pai (RP= 2,20; IC95%: 1,43-3,40), e peso ao nascer [(RP= 1,73; IC95%: 1,07-2,81) e (RP= 2,52; IC95%: 1,06-5,99)]. A prática de atividade física e amamentação exclusiva estão associadas a menor proba-bilidade e a obesidade do pai e o peso normal/elevado ao nascer a maior probabilidade de escolares apresentarem menores níveis de aptidão e excesso de peso.


The objective of this study was to analyze the association between body mass index (BMI) and cardiorespira-tory fitness (APCR) with physical activity and indicators of family obesity in schoolchildren. The sample con-sisted of 1.254 schoolchildren aged 7 to 17 years (54,7% female, 12,0 ± 3,0 years). We evaluated the history of family obesity, birth weight, exclusive breastfeeding for breast milk and physical activity practice through a questionnaire. The APCR and BMI were grouped in the variable APCR/IMC: 1) apt/eutrophic; 2) unfit/eutrophic; 3) fit/overweight and; 4) unfit/overweight. A high proportion of unfit/obese students was observed (19,7% in males and 17,6% in females). APCR / IMC was negatively associated with physical activity (PR= 0,80; 95%CI: 0,70-0,92) and (PR= 0,73; 95%CI: 0,58-0,91); and exclusive breastfeeding [(PR= 0,82; 95%CI: 0,70-0,97) and (PR= 0,72; 95%CI: 0,55-0,96)]; (OR= 2,20; 95%CI: 1,43-3,40), and birth weight (RP= 1,73; 95%CI: 1,07-2,81) and (RP= 2,52; 95%CI: 1,06-5,99)]. The practice of physical activity and exclusive breastfeeding are associated with a lower probability and the father's obesity and the normal/high weight at birth are more likely to present lower levels of aptitude and excess weight.


Subject(s)
Schools , Physical Fitness , Overweight , Obesity
13.
Rev. bras. med. esporte ; Rev. bras. med. esporte;24(1): 13-16, Jan.-Feb. 2018. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-899027

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Introduction: Recent studies have shown that the association of FTO rs9939609 gene polymorphism with obesity depends on the level of the individual's physical activity. However, there are some studies that evaluated physical fitness, health, and motor performance in relation to the rs9939609 FTO gene polymorphism. Objective: To evaluate how the rs9939609 FTO gene polymorphism affects the results of physical fitness tests related to health and athletic performance in schoolchildren after 4 months of intervention of physical exercise. Method: The rs9939609 FTO gene polymorphism was genotyped in a total of 36 schoolchildren from southern Brazil, aged 8 to 16 years. Body mass index (BMI), health-related physical fitness (cardiorespiratory fitness, abdominal strength/endurance, and flexibility) and motor performance (upper and lower limb strength, agility, and speed) were evaluated. The intervention included exercise strategies based on Physical Education, healthy eating, and oral and postural care. Results: In the experimental group, after the intervention, significant differences were noted in individuals with the TT genotype. These individuals showed improvements in abdominal strength (p=0.025), lower limb strength (p=0.037) and agility (p=0.021). For individuals with the AA/AT genotype, improvements in flexibility (p=0.026), abdominal strength (p=0.002), upper limb strength (p=0.008) and lower limb strength (p=0.001) were observed. However, these differences were not statistically significant when comparing the TT and AT/AA genotypes. Conclusions: The experimental group showed improvements in abdominal strength, lower limb strength, and speed. Yet, individuals with different genotypes (AA/AT and TT) for polymorphism rs9939609 exhibited similar values for indicators of physical fitness, health, and motor performance. Level of Evidence II; Lesser quality RCT.


RESUMO Introdução: Estudos recentes demonstraram que a associação do polimorfismo do gene FTO rs9939609 e a obesidade dependem do nível de atividade física de um indivíduo. No entanto, existem alguns estudos que avaliaram a aptidão física, a saúde e o desempenho motor com relação ao polimorfismo rs9939609 do gene FTO. Objetivo: Avaliar como o polimorfismo rs9939609 do gene FTO afeta os resultados dos testes de aptidão física relacionados com a saúde e o desempenho atlético em escolares após 4 meses de intervenção com exercícios físicos. Método: O polimorfismo rs9939609 do gene FTO foi genotipado em um total de 36 escolares do sul do Brasil, com idades entre 8 e 16 anos. O índice de massa corporal (IMC), a aptidão física relacionada com a saúde (aptidão cardiorrespiratória, força abdominal/resistência e flexibilidade) e desempenho motor (força de membros superiores e inferiores, agilidade e velocidade) foram avaliados. A intervenção teve como base estratégias de exercícios da Educação Física e alimentação saudável, além de cuidados bucais e posturais. Resultados: No grupo experimental, após a intervenção, observaram-se diferenças significativas em indivíduos com o genótipo TT. Esses indivíduos apresentaram melhorias na força abdominal (p = 0,025), força dos membros inferiores (p = 0,037) e agilidade (p = 0,021). Para os indivíduos com o genótipo AA/AT, foram observadas melhorias na flexibilidade (p = 0,026), força abdominal (p = 0,002), força dos membros superiores (p = 0,008) e força dos membros inferiores (p = 0,001). No entanto, essas diferenças não foram estatisticamente significantes ao se comparar os genótipos TT e AT/AA. Conclusões: O grupo experimental apresentou melhorias na força abdominal, força dos membros inferiores e velocidade. Contudo, indivíduos com diferentes genótipos (AA/AT e TT) para o polimorfismo rs9939609 exibiram valores semelhantes para indicadores de aptidão física, saúde e desempenho motor. Nível de Evidência II, ECRC de menor qualidade.


RESUMEN Introducción: Estudios recientes han demostrado que la asociación del polimorfismo del gen FTO rs9939609 y la obesidad dependen del nivel de actividad física de um individuo. Sin embargo, existen algunos estudios que evaluaron la aptitud física, la salud y el rendimiento motor con relación al polimorfismo rs9939609 del gen FTO. Objetivo: Evaluar cómo el polimorfismo rs9939609 del gen FTO afecta los resultados de las pruebas de aptitud física relacionadas con la salud y el desempeño atlético en escolares después de 4 meses de intervención con ejercicios físicos. Método: El polimorfismo rs9939609 del gen FTO fue genotipado en un total de 36 escolares del sur de Brasil, con edades entre 8 y 16 años. El índice de masa corporal (IMC), la aptitud física relacionada con la salud (aptitud cardiorrespiratoria, fuerza abdominal/resistencia y flexibilidad) y rendimiento motor (fuerza de las extremidades superiores e inferiores, agilidad y velocidad) fueron evaluados. La intervención tuvo como base estrategias de ejercicios de Educación Física y alimentación saludable, además de cuidados bucales y posturales. Resultados: En el grupo experimental, después de la intervención, se observaron diferencias significativas en individuos con el genotipo TT. Estos individuos presentaron mejoras en la fuerza abdominal (p = 0,025), fuerza de las extremidades inferiores (p = 0,037) y agilidad (p = 0,021). Para las personas con el genotipo AA/AT, se observaron mejoras en la flexibilidad (p = 0,026), fuerza abdominal (p = 0,002), fuerza de las extremidades superiores (p = 0,008) y fuerza de las extremidades inferiores (p = 0,001). Sin embargo, estas diferencias no fueron estadísticamente significativas al comparar los genotipos TT y AT/AA. Conclusiones: El grupo experimental presentó mejoras en la fuerza abdominal, fuerza de las extremidades inferiores y velocidad. No obstante, individuos con diferentes genotipos (AA/AT y TT) para el polimorfismo rs9939609 mostraron valores similares para indicadores de aptitud física, salud y rendimiento motor. Nivel de Evidencia II; ECRC de menor calidad.

14.
Psico (Porto Alegre) ; 49(3): 213-221, 2018.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-967474

ABSTRACT

Este estudo objetiva identificar a prevalência da insatisfação corporal entre os escolares e relacioná-la com o seu real estado nutricional. Foram avaliados 1578 escolares do município de Santa Cruz do Sul-RS, através das medidas de peso e altura, para o cálculo do índice de massa corporal (IMC) e questionário para avaliar a satisfação com o peso corporal. Os resultados demonstram que a insatisfação corporal foi significativamente maior entre as meninas, os adolescentes e os níveis socioeconômicos mais altos. Os escolares, em sua maioria, mostraram uma percepção corporal condizente com o estado nutricional real, porém, alguns resultados preocupantes foram encontrados que apontam uma distorção entre a percepção corporal e o estado nutricional real, como o percentual de meninas eutróficas que gostariam de diminuir de peso, e escolares com excesso de peso que declararam estarem satisfeitos com seu peso ou ainda, que gostariam de aumentá-lo.


This paper aims to identify the prevalence of body dissatisfaction among schoolchildren and relate it to their real nutritional status. The evaluation included 1578 schoolchildren in the municipality of Santa Cruz do Sul-RS, through the measures of weight and height, for the calculation of the body mass index (BMI) and questionnaire to evaluate the satisfaction with the body weight. The results show that body dissatisfaction was significantly higher among the girls, among the adolescents and among the higher economic classes. Most schoolchildren showed a body perception consistent with the actual nutritional status, however, some worrying results were found that point out a distortion between body perception and actual nutritional status, as the percentage of eutrophic girls who would like to decrease weight, and overweight school children who said they were satisfied with their weight or who would like to increase it.


Este estudio tiene como objetivo identificar la prevalencia de la insatisfacción corporal entre los estudiantes y relacionarlo con su estado nutricional real. Evaluaron en 1578 escolares de la ciudad de Santa Cruz do Sul-RS, a través de las medidas de peso y altura, para el cálculo del índice de masa corporal (IMC) y el cuestionario para evaluar la satisfacción con el peso corporal. Los resultados muestran que la insatisfacción corporal fue significativamente mayor entre las niñas, los adolescentes y entre los más altos niveles socioeconómicos. Los escolares, en su mayoría, mostraron una percepción corporal acorde con el estado nutricional real, sin embargo, algunos resultados preocupantes fueron encontrados que apunta una distorsión entre la percepción corporal y el estado nutricional real, como el porcentaje de niñas eutróficas que les gustaría disminuir peso, y escolares con sobrepeso que declararon estar satisfechos con su peso o aún, que les gustaría aumentarlo.


Subject(s)
Psychology, Child , Body Image , Child, Preschool
15.
Saude e pesqui. (Impr.) ; 10(3): 451-461, Set-Dez. 2017.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-880197

ABSTRACT

O objetivo foi comparar o perfil nutricional, lipídico e hábitos alimentares de escolares de dois municípios do sul do Brasil. O estudo transversal avaliou indicadores de obesidade, perfil lipídico e hábitos alimentares de escolares de 7-17 anos, de Santa Cruz do Sul­RS e Chapecó­SC. Observou-se diferença (p<0,05) no sobrepeso/obesidade (37,0% Chapecó vs 29,2% Santa Cruz do Sul) e circunferência da cintura elevada (34,8% Chapecó vs 21,2% Santa Cruz do Sul); triglicerídeos (41,4%) e HDL-C (23,5%) foram mais elevados em Chapecó (p<0,001) e colesterol total (56,1%), LDL-C (36,4%) e glicemia (8,7%) em Santa Cruz do Sul (p<0,05). Chapecó apresenta maior consumo de frutas (16,8% infrequente) e doces (41,3% frequente) e Santa Cruz do Sul de feijão/arroz (57,0% diário), refrigerantes (24,4% diário) e salgadinhos (24,0% diário) p<0,05. Conclui-se que houve diferenças no perfil nutricional, lipídico e hábitos alimentares entre dois municípios, demonstrando que indicadores de saúde podem variar em diferentes regiões.


Nutritional, lipid and feeding habits of school children in two municipalities in South Brazil are compared. Transversal study analyzed indicators of obesity, lipid profile and feeding habits of school children, aged between 7 and 17 years, in Santa Cruz do Sul RS Brazil, and Chapecó SC Brazil. Difference (p<0.05) in overweight/obesity (37.0% Chapecó vs 29.2% Santa Cruz do Sul) and high waist circumference (34.8% Chapecó vs 21.2% Santa Cruz do Sul); triglycerides (41.4%) and HDL-C (23.5%) showed higher rates in Chapecó (p<0.001); total cholesterol (56.1%), LDL-C (36.4%) and glycaemia (8.7%) were higher in Santa Cruz do Sul (p<0.05). Chapecó had a high input of fruit (16.8% infrequent) and sweets (41.3% frequent) contrasting with beans/rice (57.0% daily), soft drinks (24.4% daily) and snacks (24.0% daily) in Santa Cruz do Sul (p<0.05). Results show that differences in nutritional profile existed between the two municipalities and, consequently, health indicators vary within different regions.

16.
Rev. baiana saúde pública ; 40 (2016)(4): https://doi.org/10.22278/2318-2660.2016.v40.n4.a1722, dez. 2017.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-876015

ABSTRACT

Escolares com excesso de peso constituem-se em importante grupo alvo para intervenções no estilo de vida. Este estudo teve por objetivo revisar as pesquisas existentes sobre programas de intervenção realizados com crianças e/ou adolescentes com sobrepeso e obesidade no Brasil, na base de dados do Scientific Electronic Library Online, por meio dos descritores "Estudo de Intervenção", "Obesidade", "Criança", "Adolescentes" e "Escolares", utilizando a união de dois descritores. Foram incluídos estudos publicados entre janeiro de 2010 a maio de 2014 e apenas ensaios experimentais ou quase-experimentais. Os resultados apontaram 514 artigos. Após análise, oito artigos foram incluídos no estudo, sendo que, na maioria deles, a intervenção realizada foi de caráter interdisciplinar. A atividade física priorizada foi aeróbia e, em seis dos estudos, as sessões tinham duração de 60 minutos. É consenso nos estudos, o número de três sessões semanais e, em cinco dos estudos, o programa teve a duração de 12 semanas. Quanto ao objetivo central e os principais resultados, percebe-se que estes variaram muito, porém, sete dos oito artigos citaram a melhora da composição corporal. Concluiu-se que todos os trabalhos reportaram algum ganho positivo para a saúde, demonstrando a importância dessas estratégias para a promoção da saúde de crianças e adolescentes obesos.


Overweight school children constitute an important target group for interventions in lifestyle. This study aimed to review existing research on intervention programs performed with overweight and obese children and / or adolescents in Brazil, on the Scientific Electronic Library Online database, using the descriptors "Estudo de intervenção", "Obesidade", "Criança", "Adolescentes" and "Escolares", using the union of two descriptors. We included studies published between January 2010 and May 2014 and only experimental or quasi-experimental studies. Results indicated 514 articles. After the analyses, eight articles were included in the study. In most of these studies, interdisciplinary intervention was performed. The prioritized physical activity was aerobic, and the sessions lasted for 60 minutes in six studies. The amount of three sessions a week is consensus in the studies and the program lasted 12 weeks in five of them. As for the main purpose and the main results, it is noticeable the great variation, however, seven of the eight articles cited improvement in body composition. In conclusion all of the works reported some positive gain for health, demonstrating the importance of these strategies for the promotion of the health of obese children and adolescents.


Sobrepeso en niños de escuela constituye un importante grupo objetivo para las intervenciones en el estilo de vida. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo revisar las investigaciones existentes sobre programas de intervención realizados con niños y / o adolescentes con sobrepeso y obesidad en Brasil, en la base de datos del Scientific Electronic Library Online, a través de los descriptores "Estudo de intervenção", "Obesidade", "Criança", "Adolescentes" y "Escolares", utilizando la unión de dos descriptores. Se incluyeron estudios publicados entre enero de 2010 y mayo de 2014 y sólo ensayos experimentales o casi-experimentales. Los resultados indicaron 514 artículos. Después del análisis, ocho artículos se incluyeron en el estudio. En la mayoría de los estudios, la intervención tuvo carácter interdisciplinario. La actividad física priorizada fue aerobia, y en seis estudios las sesiones tuvieron duración de 60 minutos. Es consenso, en los estudios, el número de tres sesiones semanales, y, en cinco de los estudios, el programa tuvo una duración de 12 semanas. Con respecto al objetivo principal y a los principales resultados, se observa que estos variaban mucho, sin embargo, siete de los ocho artículos cita mejoría en la composición corporal. En conclusión, todos los trabajos reportaron algún beneficio positivo para la salud, lo que demuestra la importancia de estas estrategias de promoción de salud de niños y adolescentes obesos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Adolescent , Adolescent , Pediatric Obesity , Health Promotion , Life Style , Obesity
17.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; Arq. bras. cardiol;109(3): 191-198, Sept. 2017. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-887922

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background: Little has been studied on heart rate and its relationship with metabolic disorders. Objective: To identify possible association between heart rate (HR) and metabolic disorders in children and adolescents. Methods: This cross-sectional study evaluated 2.098 subjects, aged between 7 and 17 years. The variables evaluated were: HR, systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), pulse pressure (PP), double-product (DP), myocardial oxygen consumption (mVO2), lipids, glucose and uric acid levels, body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC). The values of HR at rest and effort were divided into quartiles. The association between continuous values of HR and cardiometabolic indicators was tested by linear regression. Results: LDL cholesterol presented a significantly higher mean (p = 0.003) in schoolchildren with resting HR greater or equal to 91 bpm, compared to students with less than 75 bpm. Compared with the quartiles of effort HR, SBP, DBP, glucose and uric acid presented high values when HR was greater or equal than 185 bpm. SBP, glucose and HDL cholesterol demonstrated a significant association with resting HR. Uric acid was observed as a predictor of increased effort HR. Conclusion: Schoolchildren with a higher resting HR have higher mean of LDL cholesterol. For effort HR, there was an increase in blood pressure, glucose and uric acid levels. Uric acid has been shown to be a predictor of elevated effort HR.


Resumo Fundamento: Pouco se tem estudado sobre frequência cardíaca e suas relações com alterações metabólicas. Objetivo: Verificar se existe associação entre frequência cardíaca e disfunções metabólicas em crianças e adolescentes. Método: Estudo transversal com 2.098 escolares, com idade entre 7 e 17 anos. As variáveis avaliadas foram: frequência cardíaca (FC), pressão arterial sistólica (PAS), diastólica (PAD) e de pulso (PP), duplo-produto (DP), consumo de oxigênio pelo miocárdio (mVO2), perfil lipídico e glicêmico, níveis de ácido úrico, índice de massa corporal (IMC) e circunferência da cintura (CC). Os valores de FC de repouso e esforço foram divididos em quartis. A associação entre os valores contínuos de FC com indicadores cardiometabólicos foi testada por meio da regressão linear. Resultados: O colesterol LDL apresentou média significativamente superior (p = 0,003) nos escolares com FC de repouso maior ou igual a 91 bpm, em comparação aos escolares que apresentaram menos de 75 bpm. Comparados com os quartis da FC de esforço, a PAS, PAD, glicose e ácido úrico apresentaram valores elevados quando a FC foi igual ou superior a 185 bpm. A PAS, a glicose e o colesterol HDL demonstraram associação significativa com a FC de repouso. Observou-se o ácido úrico como um preditor do aumento da FC de esforço. Conclusão: Escolares com FC de repouso mais elevada apresentam médias superiores de colesterol LDL. Para FC de esforço, observou-se elevação na pressão arterial, nos níveis de glicose e de ácido úrico. O ácido úrico demonstrou ser preditor da elevação da FC de esforço.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Rest/physiology , Physical Exertion/physiology , Metabolic Diseases/diagnosis , Uric Acid/blood , Blood Pressure/physiology , Biomarkers/blood , Cross-Sectional Studies , Glycemic Index/physiology , Heart Rate/physiology , Lipids/blood , Metabolic Diseases/physiopathology , Metabolic Diseases/blood
18.
Arq Bras Cardiol ; 109(3): 191-198, 2017 09.
Article in English, Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28746520

ABSTRACT

Background: Little has been studied on heart rate and its relationship with metabolic disorders. Objective: To identify possible association between heart rate (HR) and metabolic disorders in children and adolescents. Methods: This cross-sectional study evaluated 2.098 subjects, aged between 7 and 17 years. The variables evaluated were: HR, systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), pulse pressure (PP), double-product (DP), myocardial oxygen consumption (mVO2), lipids, glucose and uric acid levels, body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC). The values of HR at rest and effort were divided into quartiles. The association between continuous values of HR and cardiometabolic indicators was tested by linear regression. Results: LDL cholesterol presented a significantly higher mean (p = 0.003) in schoolchildren with resting HR greater or equal to 91 bpm, compared to students with less than 75 bpm. Compared with the quartiles of effort HR, SBP, DBP, glucose and uric acid presented high values when HR was greater or equal than 185 bpm. SBP, glucose and HDL cholesterol demonstrated a significant association with resting HR. Uric acid was observed as a predictor of increased effort HR. Conclusion: Schoolchildren with a higher resting HR have higher mean of LDL cholesterol. For effort HR, there was an increase in blood pressure, glucose and uric acid levels. Uric acid has been shown to be a predictor of elevated effort HR.


Fundamento: Pouco se tem estudado sobre frequência cardíaca e suas relações com alterações metabólicas. Objetivo: Verificar se existe associação entre frequência cardíaca e disfunções metabólicas em crianças e adolescentes. Método: Estudo transversal com 2.098 escolares, com idade entre 7 e 17 anos. As variáveis avaliadas foram: frequência cardíaca (FC), pressão arterial sistólica (PAS), diastólica (PAD) e de pulso (PP), duplo-produto (DP), consumo de oxigênio pelo miocárdio (mVO2), perfil lipídico e glicêmico, níveis de ácido úrico, índice de massa corporal (IMC) e circunferência da cintura (CC). Os valores de FC de repouso e esforço foram divididos em quartis. A associação entre os valores contínuos de FC com indicadores cardiometabólicos foi testada por meio da regressão linear. Resultdos: O colesterol LDL apresentou média significativamente superior (p = 0,003) nos escolares com FC de repouso maior ou igual a 91 bpm, em comparação aos escolares que apresentaram menos de 75 bpm. Comparados com os quartis da FC de esforço, a PAS, PAD, glicose e ácido úrico apresentaram valores elevados quando a FC foi igual ou superior a 185 bpm. A PAS, a glicose e o colesterol HDL demonstraram associação significativa com a FC de repouso. Observou-se o ácido úrico como um preditor do aumento da FC de esforço. Conclusão: Escolares com FC de repouso mais elevada apresentam médias superiores de colesterol LDL. Para FC de esforço, observou-se elevação na pressão arterial, nos níveis de glicose e de ácido úrico. O ácido úrico demonstrou ser preditor da elevação da FC de esforço.


Subject(s)
Metabolic Diseases/diagnosis , Physical Exertion/physiology , Rest/physiology , Adolescent , Biomarkers/blood , Blood Pressure/physiology , Child , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Glycemic Index/physiology , Heart Rate/physiology , Humans , Lipids/blood , Male , Metabolic Diseases/blood , Metabolic Diseases/physiopathology , Uric Acid/blood
19.
Saude e pesqui. (Impr.) ; 10(1): 75-82, jan.-abr. 2017. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-847298

ABSTRACT

Este estudo teve como objetivo verificar se existe associação entre fatores sociodemográficos e níveis de aptidão física relacionada à saúde em escolares. Foram sujeitos deste estudo transversal 1.000 crianças e adolescentes, de sete a 17 anos de idade, de Santa Cruz do Sul-RS. Analisou-se o nível socioeconômico, o perfil nutricional, a flexibilidade, a resistência abdominal e a aptidão cardiorrespiratória (APCR). Todas as análises foram realizadas no programa estatístico SPSS v. 23.0, considerando um nível de significância de p<0,05. Resultados demonstraram que a prevalência de sobrepeso/obesidade foi superior no sexo masculino (RP: 1,05; p=0,025) e inferior entre os adolescentes (RP: 0,89; p<0,001). Por outro lado, escolares do sexo masculino apresentam prevalência 6% menor de baixos níveis de APCR (p=0,001). Adolescentes (RP: 1,07; p=0,005), estudantes da rede municipal (RP: 1,10; p=0,049) e da zona urbana (RP: 1,09; p=0,002) apresentam maior prevalência de baixos níveis de APCR. Concluiu-se que fatores sociodemográficos estão associados aos baixos níveis de aptidão física em escolares.


The association between socio-demographic and physical capacity levels related to school children´s health is investigated. Current transversal study comprised 1000 children and adolescents, aged between 7 and 17 years, in Santa Cruz do Sul RS Brazil. The socio-economic level, nutritional profile, flexibility, abdominal resistance and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) were analyzed with statistical program SPSS v. 23.0, at significance level p<0.05. Results demonstrated that prevalence of overweight/obesity was higher in males (PR: 1.05; p=0.025) and lower among adolescents (PR: 0.89; p<0.001). Moreover, male school children had a 6% prevalence lower than APCR low levels (p=0.001). Adolescents (PR: 1.07; p=0.005), school children in public schools (PR: 1.10; p=0.049) and students from the rural area (PR: 1.09; p=0.002) had a higher prevalence in APCR low levels. Socio-demographic factors are actually associated to low levels of physical capacity in school children.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Child , Physical Fitness , Adolescent
20.
RGO (Porto Alegre) ; 65(2): 139-147, Apr.-June 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, BBO - Dentistry | ID: biblio-896006

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To determine the condition of oral hygiene, dietary habits and prevalence of dental caries in adolescents, listing these habits and comparing residents from rural and urban areas. Methods: Cross-sectional study involving of 623 adolescents of both sexes, aged 12 to 17 year old in Santa Cruz do Sul, Brazil. Data were collected through sociodemographic questionnaires and dental examination. We conducted a descriptive analysis of the exposure variables and outcome. A bivariate analysis was then performed using the Chi-square test. Results: The prevalence of caries was 63.6%, in which adolescents living in rural areas had a prevalence of 70.7% and 56.4% in the urban area. The level of mother's education ≤4 years and socioeconomic class B1/B2 and C1/C2 showed statistically significant differences between the areas of residence. Among the demographic variables, the rural area showed a higher prevalence of caries. Conclusion: The results showed a high prevalence of dental caries among the adolescents studied and indicate a correlation between prevalence and the low level of mother's education, socioeconomic status (low to medium) and residence in rural areas. It should be understood that, while the multifactorial nature and stratified caries actions are not taken into consideration, the actions implemented will continue to fail, frustrating the expectations set by government entities.


RESUMO Objetivo: Verificar a condição de higiene bucal, hábitos alimentares e prevalência de cárie dentária em adolescentes, relacionando tais hábitos e comparando residentes da zona rural e urbana. Métodos: Estudo transversal, composto por 623 adolescentes de ambos os sexos, com idade entre 12 e 17 anos do município de Santa Cruz do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Os dados foram coletados através de questionários sociodemográficos e exame clínico odontológico. Realizou-se análise descritiva das variáveis de exposição e desfecho. A análise bivariada foi realizada através de teste de qui-quadrado. Resultados: A prevalência de cárie foi de 63,6%, na qual os adolescentes da zona rural apresentaram prevalência de 70,7% e os da zona urbana 56,4%. O grau de instrução materna ≤4 anos e a classe socioeconômica B1/B2 e C1/C2 apresentaram diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre as zonas de moradia. Entre as variáveis demográficas, a zona rural apresentou maior prevalência de cárie. Conclusão: Os resultados evidenciaram alta prevalência de cárie entre os adolescentes e indicam uma correlação da prevalência com a baixa escolaridade materna, classe socioeconômica (média a baixa) e a residência na zona rural. Deve-se compreender que, enquanto não for levado em consideração a multifatoriedade e a ação estratificada da doença cárie, as ações implementadas continuarão falhando e frustrando as expectativas estabelecidas pelas entidades governamentais.

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