Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 15 de 15
Filter
Add more filters










Publication year range
1.
Br J Cancer ; 89(5): 808-15, 2003 Sep 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12942109

ABSTRACT

Tazarotene is an acetylenic retinoid which is metabolised to tazarotenic acid and which binds selectively to the retinoid receptors RARbeta and RARgamma. The safety, toxicity and pharmacokinetics of oral tazarotene were determined over 12 weeks of treatment in 34 patients with advanced cancer. Commonly seen toxicities were mucocutaneous symptoms, musculoskeletal pain and headache. Dose-limiting toxicities were hypercalcaemia, hypertriglyceridaemia and musculoskeletal pain. The maximum tolerated dose of tazarotene in this schedule is 25.2 mg day(-1). Plasma concentrations of tazarotenic acid were found to peak rapidly within 1-3 h of dosing and thereafter declined quickly. The C(max) and AUC values on day 0, and weeks 2 and 4 were similar indicating no drug accumulation. The dose-normalised C(max) and AUC values at different dose levels and different study days appeared to be similar indicating linear pharmacokinetics. No objective responses were seen, although stable disease was seen in six out of eight evaluable patients receiving the three highest dose levels of tazarotene (16.8, 25.2 or 33.4 mg day(-1)). We conclude that oral tazarotene is well tolerated when administered daily for 12 weeks, has a favourable toxicity profile compared with other retinoids and merits further investigation as an anticancer therapy.


Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacokinetics , Antineoplastic Agents/toxicity , Neoplasms/drug therapy , Nicotinic Acids/pharmacokinetics , Nicotinic Acids/toxicity , Adult , Aged , Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use , Area Under Curve , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Female , Humans , Male , Maximum Tolerated Dose , Middle Aged , Neoplasm Staging , Nicotinic Acids/therapeutic use , Retinoids/pharmacokinetics , Retinoids/therapeutic use , Retinoids/toxicity
2.
Br J Cancer ; 85(3): 453-62, 2001 Aug 03.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11487280

ABSTRACT

Novel synthetic antagonists of retinoic acid receptors (RARs) have been developed. To avoid interference by serum retinoids when testing these compounds, we established serum-free grown sub-lines (>3 years) of the prostate carcinoma lines LNCaP, PC3 and DU145. A high affinity pan-RAR antagonist (AGN194310, K(d) for binding to RARs = 2-5 nM) inhibited colony formation (by 50%) by all three lines at 16-34 nM, and led to a transient accumulation of flask-cultured cells in G1 followed by apoptosis. AGN194310 is 12-22 fold more potent than all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) against cell lines and also more potent in inhibiting the growth of primary prostate carcinoma cells. PC3 and DU145 cells do not express RARbeta, and an antagonist with predominant activity at RARbeta and RARgamma (AGN194431) inhibited colony formation at concentrations (approximately 100 nM) commensurate with a K(d)value of 70 nM at RARgamma. An RARalpha antagonist (AGN194301) was less potent (IC(50) approximately 200 nM), but was more active than specific agonists of RARalpha and of betagamma. A component(s) of serum and of LNCaP-conditioned medium diminishes the activity of antagonists: this factor is not the most likely candidates IGF-1 and EGF. In vitro studies of RAR antagonists together with data from RAR-null mice lead to the hypothesis that RARgamma-regulated gene transcription is necessary for the survival and maintenance of prostate epithelium. The increased potencies of RAR antagonists, as compared with agonists, suggest that antagonists may be useful in the treatment of prostate carcinoma.


Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology , Benzoates/pharmacology , Prostatic Neoplasms/drug therapy , Receptors, Retinoic Acid/antagonists & inhibitors , Retinoids/pharmacology , Thiophenes/pharmacology , Tretinoin/pharmacology , Apoptosis , Cell Cycle/drug effects , Humans , Male , Prostatic Neoplasms/genetics , Prostatic Neoplasms/pathology , Receptors, Retinoic Acid/metabolism , Tumor Cells, Cultured/drug effects , Tumor Cells, Cultured/physiology
4.
Am Ind Hyg Assoc J ; 40(7): A14-5, 1979 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-484473

ABSTRACT

One of the major advantages of the SI is its precise nomenclature and rules of use. Close compliance with the SI nomenclature and rules of use assures that the SI are universally understood without additional parenthetical explanations. In the english system where symbols, abbreviations and other modifications are continuously changing one can never be sure what CFM, cfm, scf, acf, etc. mean unless the author first defines these abbreviations. More detailed information regarding the use of the SI are contained in the references cited at the end of this article.


Subject(s)
International System of Units , Metric System , Weights and Measures , Computers , Metric System/standards , United States
5.
Pediatrics ; 61(3): 438-45, 1978 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-580451

ABSTRACT

Assessment and projection of manpower requirements are difficult and compelx undertakings for which no single methodology has proven to be entirely satisfactory. A frequently used approach to estimation of manpower requirements is the number of physicians needed per population. A numerical approach alone is inadequate for it fails to take into account the types and quality of services to be delivered. There are many factors which affect manpower estimates, several of which are not quantifiable. Factors unique to pediatrics which must be considered include the changing nature of health needs of the population in the age range from 0 to 21 years; the changes in the practice of pediatrics; the increasing emphasis on the importance of preventive health care and health maintenance; and the impact of scientific advances on the demand for services. A most important variable is the national level of cohort fertility. Fluctuations in this rate significantly affect the numbers of children and adolescents requiring care. It is concluded that there will not be an excess of pediatricians in 1980 and 1990. Indeed, it is questionable whether the health needs of the pediatric population can be adequately met in those years.


Subject(s)
Pediatrics , Adolescent , Adult , Child , Child Health Services , Child, Preschool , Delivery of Health Care , Financing, Organized , Foreign Medical Graduates , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Insurance, Health, Reimbursement , Internal Medicine , Nurse Practitioners , Osteopathic Medicine , Pediatric Nursing , Pediatrics/history , Pediatrics/trends , Physicians, Family , Rural Population , Urban Population , Workforce
7.
Am Ind Hyg Assoc J ; 38(5): A24-A27, 1977 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-868757

ABSTRACT

AIHA supports a planned orderly national program for conversion to the metric system and will cooperate with other technical societies and organizations in implementing this voluntary conversion. The Association will use the International System of Units (SI) as modified by the Secretary of Commerce for use in the United States in all official publications, papers and documents. U.S. customary units can be presented in parentheses following the appropriate SI unit, when it is necessary for clarity.


Subject(s)
Metric System , Occupational Medicine , Societies , United States
8.
Pediatrics ; 59(3): 323-4, 1977 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-840550
10.
Am Ind Hyg Assoc J ; 37(1): 37-45, 1976 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-1246947

ABSTRACT

The effectiveness of MSA charcoal tubes and those constructed by the USAF Environmental Health Laboratory were statistically compared. No significant differences were noted. Also, tube recovery efficiencies were determined for 10 different solvents for which there was no or limited data. The effects of moisture on gravimetric analysis are presented.


Subject(s)
Charcoal , Occupational Medicine/instrumentation , Solvents/analysis , Environmental Health , Evaluation Studies as Topic , Humidity , Ketones/analysis , Mining , Toluene/analysis , Trichloroethylene/analysis
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL
...