[THe etiology of pleuropneumopathies in infants and small children]. / Etiologia pleuropneumopatiilor la sugar si copilul mic.

In a follow-up study during 20 years (1975-1994) we observed, beside clinical aspects, the evolution of pleuropneumopathies in infants and small children (1-3 years of age), and the etiology of these infections. The casuistry includes 456 children-237 infants (51,97%) and 219 small children, between 1-3 years of age (48,02%), which were admitted in Clinical Children's Hospital from Oradea (Clinical Hospital for Children) with pleuropneumopathies. 4 intervals of time were analyzed comparatively, each of 5 years, starting with a number of 235 cases in the first one and reaching only 45 observations in the last one. The etiology was dominated by coagulase-negative and coagulase-positive Staph, aureus (34,20-60,40%), Strept. pneumoniae (14,10-40,00%). From the Gram negative bacteria, there were identified Kl. pneumoniae (2,20-9,80%), Pseudomonas sp. (2,20-5,19%), E. coli and Proteus sp. (1,70-2,20%). There were 2,90-9,85% of cases with a potential of pathogenicity, in various associations. In the last 10 years, the number of cases with unprecised etiology is growing (22,50-33,30%) probably because of the implication of anaerobe and coagulase-negative staphylococci, no tests of isolation and identification being made for them.

[Enterobacteria of the genera Salmonella, Shigella and Yersinia with an etiological role in acute diarrheal disease]. / Enterobacterii din genurile Salmonella, Shigella si Yersinia cu rol etiologic in boala diareica acuta.

In a study made during 5 years, from 1990 to 1994 on 8363 subjects with acute diarrhoea disease, we found 486 cases (5,81%) in which the etiologic agent was belonging to a species of enterobacteria; as follows: Shigella (69,13%), Salmonella (27,78%) and Yersinia enterocolitica (3,08%), and which were isolated predominantly in children with ages ranging from 6 months to 7 years. The serogroups of Shigella most often isolated were Shigella sonnei, in 196 patients (35,11%). Regarding the cases with Salmonella, in most of the cases Salmonella enteritidis was isolated (60,74%) followed by Salmonella typhimurium and other Salmonellae from the serogroup BO (23,70%). In the last 2 years (1993 and 1994), in 12 cases Yersinia enterocolitica was isolated; together with Salmonella enteritidis and Salmonella typhimurium, they could cause infections associated with consume of infected food.