ABSTRACT
As the population gets older, coupled with increased awareness of good health practices and the recognition that fitness contributes to participation in activities generally appropriate for younger individuals, decisions need to be made about what are appropriate activities for the older-aged scuba (self-contained underwater breathing apparatus) diver. It is essential to appreciate the distinction between chronological and physiological age. Three factors, namely fitness, comorbidities, and mobility and strength are fundamental when making decisions about participation in activities in general as well as in scuba diving for older adults. There is almost always a time to call it quits for everything.
Subject(s)
Age Factors , Aging/physiology , Diving/physiology , Health Status , Physical Fitness , Activities of Daily Living , Comorbidity , Decision Making , Humans , Longevity , Muscle Strength , Nervous System Diseases , Smoking , Social Security , Steroids/administration & dosage , Walking/physiologyABSTRACT
The authors describe an innovative wound score and demonstrate its versatility for scoring a variety of wound types in addition to diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs). To further test its merits, they determined its interobserver reliability in a prospective series of patients. The Wound Score system the authors created integrates the most important features of 4 predominantly used wound scoring systems. It utilizes a logical 0 to 10 format based on 5 assessments each graded from 2 (best) to 0 (worst). The versatility and reliability of the Wound Score were studied in a prospective series of 94 patients with lower extremity wounds. The Wound Score was quick to determine, applicable to a variety of wound types and locations, and highly objective for grading the severity of each of the 5 assessments. The Wound Score categorized wound types as "healthy," "problem," or "futile" for evaluation and management. Diabetes was present in 75.9%, with 70% of the DFUs scoring in the "problem" wound range. Interobserver reli- ability was high (r = 0.81). The objectivity, versatility, and reliability of the Wound Score system facilitates making decisions about the management of wounds, whether DFUs or not, and provides quantification for compara- tive effectiveness research for wound management.
