ABSTRACT
Necrotizing gastritis is an infrequent entity with unknown prevalence, the diagnosis is often incidental during exploratory laparotomy or autopsies of patients with acute abdomen. OBJECTIVE: To present a clinical case of necrotizing gastritis, a rare entity that should be taken into account in the context of immunocompromised patients with associated risk factors. CLINICAL CASE: 7-year-old male schoolboy diagnosed with T-precursor acute lymphoid leukemia, finishing induction chemotherapy cycle with PETHEMA 2013 protocol. He presented 12 days of symptoms characterized by epigastric abdominal pain and vomiting, initially acute pancreatitis was suspected, ruled out by normal pancreatic enzymes and abdominal computed tomography. Due to suspicion of acid peptic disease associated with steroids, treatment with proton pump inhibitors and prokinetics was started. Considering dyspepsia with alarm signs, such as progression of neutropenia, increased C-reactive protein and clinical deterioration, esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) was performed, compatible with necrotizing gastritis, confirmed by histopathology. He received pharmacological management, zero regimen and parenteral support, and progressive improvement was evidenced in imaging controls. After fasting for 30 days, enteral nutrition was started, well tolerated, with ambulatory follow-up. After improvement, chemotherapy plan was completed, highlighting complete remission, without complications after 2 years. CONCLUSION: Necrotizing gastritis is a rare entity, in the case described the risk factors were immunocompromise, previous management with corticosteroids and cytotoxic therapy, and possibly, exposure to stressful situations during hospitalization. Early diagnosis and treatment determined a favourable prognosis.
Subject(s)
Gastritis , Pancreatitis , Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma , Male , Humans , Child , Acute Disease , Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/complications , Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/diagnosis , Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/drug therapy , Gastritis/complications , Gastritis/diagnosis , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
The pandemic had serious implications for university education, specifically due to the transition from face-to-face teaching to online methodologies. This article analyzes the perception of students undergoing speech therapy from a Chilean University about the E-portfolio incorporation as an evaluative tool during the emergency virtual teaching due to the COVID-19 pandemic. From quantitative research, a survey of 38 questions based on Likert scales was applied to 108 penultimate year undergraduate students. The survey demonstrated that there is an improvement in the methodology and teaching support, as well as in the creativity and professionalism of the students.
ABSTRACT
Pediatric obesity is a major public health problem in the country. The imbalance between caloric intake and expense has been recognized as a major contributing factor, however, despite many strategies to combat this pathology the results remain discouraging. The mother is an important treatment intermediary that can have a distorted motherly perception (DMP) about their child's nutritional status. The purpose of this study was to assess motherly perception of body image (MPBI) of their school-age children. We selected mothers with children between 7 and 17 years old from schools in Santiago, Chile. We assessed nutritional status with body index mass (BMI) and pubertal growth (Tanner) and compared MPBI with actual nutritional status. We observed that 54.8% of mothers of obese children and 78.3% of mothers of overweight children had DMP, estimating their child as thinner. DMP among mothers of overweight and obese children could affect treatment adherence and is a key point for intervention.
La obesidad pediátrica es un importante problema de salud pública en el país. El desequilibrio entre ingesta y gasto energético ha sido reconocido como la principal causa, pero pese a las múltiples estrategias para enfrentar esta patología los resultados continúan siendo desalentadores. La madre es un mediador importante en el tratamiento, pudiendo influir la distorsión de la imagen corporal (DIC) en el estado nutricional (EN) de sus hijos. El propósito de este trabajo fue evaluar en población escolar la percepción de la imagen corporal (PIC) de la madre hacia su hijo. Se seleccionaron madres con hijos con edades de 7 a 17 años de colegios de Santiago de Chile. Se determinó el EN según índice de masa corporal (IMC) y desarrollo puberal (Tanner). Se evaluó la PIC de la madre comparándose con lo real. Se observó que el 54,8% de las madres de niños obesos y el 78,3% de las madres de niños con sobrepeso presenta DIC, evaluando a su hijo más delgado. La DIC de la madre con su hijo con sobrepeso u obeso, podría repercutir en la escasa adherencia al tratamiento, siendo un punto clave en el cual intervenir.
Subject(s)
Humans , Students , Body Image , Body Mass Index , Overweight , Obesity , Child , Nutritional StatusABSTRACT
The goal of this paper is to present the ergonomic process of an automotive company, whose focus is on the adaptation of the work conditions to the psychophysiological characteristics of its employees. The planning and the development of the ergonomic actions took place in three distinctive stages: ergonomic analysis of the work post (stage 1), ergonomic adaptations (stage 2) and Ergonomic Committee (stage 3). The activities started in June 2006 and have lasted to the current date, keeping a permanent improving process. The procedure adopted was based on the ergonomic analysis methodology proposed by Wisner (1994:1997) and the stages of the Ergonomic Analysis of Work presented in the 17 NR Regulatory Manual (MET, 2002). The paper's approach focused on the voluntary participation of workers from different areas and different hierarchical levels of the organization throughout all the stages of the process. The methodological procedures included descriptive research techniques, exploratory and qualitative research criteria, background and guidelines available in literature and legislation, as well as company information. Among the main results it can be mentioned the satisfaction of the employees regarding the appropriate work conditions, cultural and organizational changes and the creation of an Ergonomic Committee in the company.
Subject(s)
Automobiles , Ergonomics/methods , Industry , Occupational Health , Adaptation, Physiological , Brazil , HumansABSTRACT
El objetivo de la presente investigación fue evaluar la eficacia de un programa de intervención conductual en la disminución de la frecuencia de conductas disruptivas y en el aumento de la frecuencia de conductas prosociales en el contexto escolar. Con este objetivo se entrenó a una profesora en el empleo de una serie de técnicas de modificación conductual (instrucciones, alabanza verbal y economía de fichas) para que ella las aplicara a un curso de primer año de enseñanza secundaria que presentaba serios desajustes conductuales. Se utilizó un diseño de reversión ABAB con seguimiento para evaluar el desempeño de la profesora en las técnicas de modificación conductual enseñadas y su efecto en el grupo-curso. Los resultados indican que la profesora logró aplicar de manera apropiada las técnicas de modificación conductual produciendo los cambios deseados en el comportamiento de los alumnos del curso.
The objective of this research was to evaluate the effectiveness of a behavioral intervention program on the reduction of disruptive behavior, and the increase of prosocial behavior in a classroom context. In order to do so, the class teacher received training in the use of a series of behavior modification techniques (namely instructions, verbal praise and token economy). After training the teacher, she implemented the procedures in a first year class of secondary school that presented severe behavioral problems. A reversal design ABAB was used in order to evaluate the performance of the teacher in the implementation of the behavioral modification techniques taught and to evaluate the effect of these techniques on the group. Results indicated that the teacher was able to implement appropriately all the behavior modification techniques. The implemented procedures were in turn able to generate the desired changes in student behavior during class time.
Esta pesquisa avaliou a eficácia de um programa de intervenção comportamental para reduzir a freqüência de comportamentos perturbadores e aumentar os comportamentos prosociais no contexto escolar. Portanto, uma professora treinada no uso de uma série de técnicas de modificação do comportamento (instruções, louvor verbal e economia de fichas) as aplicou em um curso do primeiro ano do ensino secundário que tinha sérios desajustes comportamentais. Foi utilizado um desenho de reversão ABAB com seguimento para avaliar o desempenho da professora nas técnicas ensinadas de modificação comportamental e seu efeito no grupo-curso. Os resultados revelam a professora aplicou apropriadamente as técnicas de modificação comportamental produzindo os resultados esperados no comportamento dos alunos do curso.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Psychology, Social , Lecture Note , Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior DisordersABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Diabetic Ketoacidosis/therapy , Diabetes Mellitus/complications , Fluid Therapy , Insulin/administration & dosage , Brain Edema/prevention & control , Diabetic Ketoacidosis/complications , Bradycardia/prevention & controlABSTRACT
Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is present in nearly half of all diabetic children and adolescents at diagnosis. The incidence is 4.6 to 8 cases/1000 diabetics per year. DKA is a major cause of mortality and morbidity, which can only be reduced by appropriate treatment. The present article describes the physiopathology and clinical manifestations of DKA and discusses the management of this entity.
