ABSTRACT
Background Ultrasound-guided percutaneous renal biopsy (PCRB) is a commonly used technique to obtain renal tissue for histopathological diagnosis in children and adolescents. The objectives of this study include determining the indications for renal biopsy, documenting the safety and efficacy of ultrasound-guided PCRB, and documenting its complications along with histopathological findings in children. Methodology The Ethical Review Committee approved this cross-sectional study. Data of all children with either nephrotic or nephritic syndrome from January 2017 to September 2020 (at The Kidney Center Post Graduate Training Institute Karachi) who underwent ultrasound-guided PCRB were collected and analyzed. An ultrasonic examination was performed both before and after the biopsy. Results During the research period, 104 individuals underwent PCRB. The average age of the children biopsied was 7.44 ± 4.12 years (range = 1-17 years). The most prevalent reason for biopsy was nephrotic syndrome. Almost 94% of PCRBs were effective. Post-biopsy complications were detected in 16 cases, with peri-nephric hematoma being the most prevalent. Conclusions In children, ultrasound-guided PCRB can safely be performed under sedation in experienced hands with an automated biopsy gun needle. The use of real-time ultrasound guidance as well as the automated biopsy gun ensures good outcomes.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of magnetic resonance spectroscopy in the detection of prostatic carcinoma. METHODS: This descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted at the Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi, from July 24, 2014, to January 23, 2015, and comprised patients who had been screened for prostate cancer. Using non-probability purposive sampling, all magnetic resonance spectroscopy scans were interpreted by three radiologists. Male patients aged 45-70 years, diagnosed with suspicious heterogeneous mass in peripheral zone on ultrasound and who had prostatic specific antigen levels value >4.0 ng/ml were included. Three dimensional magnetic resonance spectroscopy imaging data was acquired. Data was analysed using SPSS 21. Diagnostic accuracy of the procedure was determined by taking histopathology as the gold standard. RESULTS: There were 224 patients with an overall mean age of 55.63±6.34 years (range: 45-70 years). The strong perfect correlation of 0.82 was found by Kappa statistics between magnetic resonance spectroscopy and histopathology results and a good diagnostic accuracy (92.8%) of magnetic resonance spectroscopy testing was observed for the detection of prostate carcinoma. Pooled sensitivity was 92.2% and specificity was 94.6% for the diagnosis of prostate carcinoma. CONCLUSIONS: A strong correlation was found between magnetic resonance spectroscopy and histopathology results to detect prostate carcinoma.
