Sexual dysfunctions induced by stress of timed intercourse and medical treatment.

OBJECTIVE: To understand the effect of stress incurred by timed intercourse (TI) on sexual dysfunction in relation to anxiety and aggression in men facing TI. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This study involved 439 men and was conducted during a 3-year period between 1 July 2008 and 30 June 2011. Various characteristics were evaluated, including newly acquired erectile dysfunction (ED), ejaculatory dysfunction (EjD), anxiety levels (using the Beck Anxiety Inventory [BAI]), self-reported aggression (using the Buss Perry Aggression Questionnaire [BPAQ]), hormone levels (such as follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, testosterone, prolactin and oestradiol) and semen parameters. RESULTS: A total of 188 men (42.8%) and 26 men (5.92%) experienced ED and EjD, respectively. Luteinizing hormone, testosterone and oestradiol were significantly lower in men with ED (P < 0.05). The men who required high doses of tadalafil had significantly higher scores on both the BAI and the BPAQ subscales (P < 0.001). BAI and subscales of BPAQ were higher in males with delayed ejaculation (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: TI imposes a great deal of stress on male partners, potentially causing ED and EjD, and elevates anxiety levels, which leads to aggression. Physicians and clinicians should acknowledge the potentially harmful effects of TI on men. Furthermore, both female and male patients should be cautioned about the increased likelihood of ED and EjD as the number of incidents of TI increases.

Erectile dysfunction and extramarital sex induced by timed intercourse: a prospective study of 439 men.

During the fertile window of a woman's menstrual cycle, the effect of impending timed intercourse (TI) on the psychological well-being and behavior of male partners has not been thoroughly investigated, despite the fact that men comprise one half of each couple endeavoring to achieve natural conception. This prospective study consisting of 439 men was conducted during a 3-year period between July 1, 2008, and June 30, 2011. Various characteristics were evaluated, including newly acquired erectile dysfunction (ED); extramarital sex (EMS); intake of soft drinks (SD); levels of hormones, such as follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone (T), prolactin, and estradiol (E2); and semen parameters. A total of 188 men (42.8%) experienced ED and 47 men (10.7%) engaged in EMS. As the number of TI episodes increased, the number of men with ED and EMS and those who wanted to avoid TI also increased (all, P < .0001). All 47 men who reported EMS experienced ED with their spouses. Men who consumed SDs produced significantly smaller volumes of semen (P = .0363). Among the hormones investigated, the levels of LH, T, and E2 were significantly lower in men with ED (all, P < .05) whereas the level of FSH was higher in contrast to E2, which was significantly higher in men who had EMS (both, P < .01). TI imposes a great deal of stress on male partners evoking ED and, in some cases, causing these men to seek EMS. Physicians and clinicians should acknowledge the potential harmful effects of TI on men. Furthermore, both female and male partners should also be cautioned about the increased possibilities of ED and EMS as TI incidents increase.

Clinical and social characteristics of Korean men with Klinefelter syndrome.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the characteristics of Klinefelter syndrome in a consecutive series of men consulting for sexual as well as fertility problems in Korea. METHODS: A total of 179 men with non-mosaic 47,XXY Klinefelter syndrome of the 1876 azoospermic males who visited the fertility center of our university hospital between January 2002 and January 2010 were included in this analysis. Their semen characteristics, hormone profiles, size of the prostate gland, and education level were assessed and compared with an age-matched control group of 218 fertile males. Additionally, a histological evaluation was carried out. RESULTS: Prostate size, testicular volume, semen volume and symptom severity showed statistically significant differences in both groups (P < 0.0001). As the severity of signs and symptoms worsened, the education level decreased. Each degree of signs and symptoms was associated with a different level of education, as well as with significant differences in the level of testosterone and testicular volume (P < 0.05). Spearman's correlation coefficient showed the severity of signs and symptoms was associated with testosterone (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Testosterone has the strongest negative association with the severity of signs and symptoms in patients with Klinefelter syndrome. It influences the reproductive capacity, as well as the manifested signs and symptoms of hypogonadism. Furthermore, it is also associated with various aspects of life in these patients.

Chronic pelvic pain syndrome and semen quality of Korean men in their fourth decade.

Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) is a common condition that adversely affects men across a wide range of ages. A number of pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic therapies for CP/CPPS have been investigated. Our study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of CPPS in Korean men in their thirties and to investigate the effect of CPPS and medical treatment on semen quality. Of 314 men with prostatitis, 74 patients with CPPS class IIIA (23.6%) were eligible for the study; these patients underwent combined α-blocker and cyclo-oxygenase 2 inhibitor therapy. These 74 men were prospectively studied at a medical center in Seoul, Korea. A number of parameters, including ejaculations per month, semen variables, and the levels of hormones (such as follicle-stimulating hormone, estradiol [E(2)], luteinizing hormone [LH], testosterone, and prolactin) were evaluated. The mean number of ejaculations per month, the mean number of daily hours spent sitting at work, smoking, body mass index, LH and E(2) levels, and semen parameters all showed significant differences (P < .0001) between the study patients and the controls. The combined regimen was effective in improving all aspects of semen quality except morphology (P < .05). CPPS class IIIA, which is notably prevalent among Korean men in the fourth decade of life, affects semen quality and poses a challenge to fertility. Proper treatment of CPPS class IIIA results in improved semen quality. Men with CPPS therefore require proper evaluation and treatment by andrologists/urologists before planning a natural conception.

New perspectives of penile enhancement surgery: tissue engineering with biodegradable scaffolds.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate in a multicenter, prospective study preliminary aesthetic and functional results of autologous ex-vivo tissue engineering for penile girth enhancement. METHODS: From July 1999 to January 2004, 204 men of mean age 26.77 (range 19-54 years) underwent this procedure. Indications for penile girth enhancement were penile dysmorphic disorder and previous failed surgery for penile girth enhancement. Fibroblast cells harvested from 1 cc of biopsied scrotal dermal tissue were expanded in culture until the total cell number of at least 2x10(7) was reached. Suspended cells in culture medium were then seeded on pretreated tube-shaped PLGA scaffolds and incubated for 24 hours. After penile degloving, scaffolds were shape adjusted and transplanted between dartos and Buck's fascia when the skin was compliant or under the neurovascular bundle when the skin was not compliant. RESULTS: A total of 84 randomly selected patients were followed 1 to 5 years postoperatively (median 24 months). The gain in girth ranged from 1.9 to 4.1cm (mean 3.15 cm). Postoperative complications occurred as infection in three, penile skin pressure necrosis in two and seroma formation in five patients and were all treated conservatively. Surgical intervention was appraised by patients on a scale from 1 to 5 as follows: the best mark (5) was given by 44.05%, very good (4) by 36.90%, good (3) by 19.05% and only one patient gave the mark 2 judging general penile appearance as dissatisfactory; mean score was 4.25. CONCLUSION: Autologous tissue engineering by using biodegradable scaffolds as a carrier is a new and safe therapeutic approach for penile girth enhancement. The outcome of this study points out the necessity for its expanded clinical applicability in the future.