Cross-cultural adaptation of a questionnaire assessing the child and parents' expectations of orthodontic treatment in Brazil.

INTRODUCTION: The Sayers and Newton questionnaire was developed in England to assess the child's and parent's expectations about orthodontic treatment. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to carry out the cross-cultural adaptation of the questionnaire for the Brazilian Portuguese language, to test its reliability, and to compare patients' and their parents' expectations of orthodontic treatment. METHODS: After translation and cross-cultural adaptation, the questionnaire was applied to 98 patients (12-14 years), who had been referred for treatment, and their caregivers. The internal consistency of the instrument was assessed by Cronbach's Alpha Coefficient and the test-retest reliability, by Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC). RESULTS: Internal reliability was confirmed by a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.75. Test-retest reliability revealed satisfactory reproducibility (ICC = 0.85). The results showed some significant differences between the expectations of the patients and their caregivers (p < 0.05). There were no significant gender differences (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The process of cross-cultural adaptation of the Sayers and Newton questionnaire for the Brazilian Portuguese was concluded. This study demonstrated that this instrument is reliable and applicable to assess the child's and parent's expectations about orthodontic treatment in Brazil, and it has acceptable psychometric properties.

Cross-cultural adaptation of a questionnaire assessing the child and parents' expectations of orthodontic treatment in Brazil

ABSTRACT Introduction: The Sayers and Newton questionnaire was developed in England to assess the child's and parent's expectations about orthodontic treatment. Objective: The aim of this study was to carry out the cross-cultural adaptation of the questionnaire for the Brazilian Portuguese language, to test its reliability, and to compare patients' and their parents' expectations of orthodontic treatment. Methods: After translation and cross-cultural adaptation, the questionnaire was applied to 98 patients (12-14 years), who had been referred for treatment, and their caregivers. The internal consistency of the instrument was assessed by Cronbach's Alpha Coefficient and the test-retest reliability, by Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC). Results: Internal reliability was confirmed by a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.75. Test-retest reliability revealed satisfactory reproducibility (ICC = 0.85). The results showed some significant differences between the expectations of the patients and their caregivers (p < 0.05). There were no significant gender differences (p > 0.05). Conclusions: The process of cross-cultural adaptation of the Sayers and Newton questionnaire for the Brazilian Portuguese was concluded. This study demonstrated that this instrument is reliable and applicable to assess the child's and parent's expectations about orthodontic treatment in Brazil, and it has acceptable psychometric properties.

RESUMO Introdução: O questionário de Sayers e Newton foi desenvolvido na Inglaterra para avaliar as expectativas dos pacientes e de seus responsáveis quanto ao tratamento ortodôntico. Objetivo: O objetivo do presente estudo foi realizar a adaptação transcultural do questionário para a língua portuguesa do Brasil, testar sua confiabilidade e comparar as expectativas de pacientes e responsáveis em relação ao tratamento ortodôntico. Métodos: Após tradução e adaptação transcultural, o questionário foi aplicado a 98 pacientes (12-14 anos), encaminhados ao departamento de Ortodontia da PUC-MINAS para tratamento e de seus responsáveis. A consistência interna do instrumento foi avaliada pelo coeficiente alfa de Cronbach, e a confiabilidade teste-reteste, pelo coeficiente de correlação intraclasse (ICC). Resultados: A confiabilidade interna foi confirmada pelo coeficiente alfa de Cronbach de 0,75. A confiabilidade teste-reteste revelou reprodutibilidade satisfatória (ICC = 0,85). Os resultados mostraram algumas diferenças significativas entre as expectativas dos pacientes e de seus responsáveis (p < 0,05). Não houve diferenças significativas quanto ao sexo (p > 0,05). Conclusões: Foi concluído o processo de adaptação transcultural do questionário de Sayers e Newton para o português brasileiro. Esse estudo demonstrou que esse instrumento é confiável e aplicável para avaliar as expectativas dos pacientes e dos pais sobre o tratamento ortodôntico no Brasil e possui propriedades psicométricas aceitáveis.

Prevalence of traumatic orofacial and dental injury in unidentified bodies-Data from a forensic medicine institute in Brazil.

BACKGROUND/AIM: Orofacial trauma and traumatic dental injuries (TDI) are serious public health problems due to their high prevalence, severe morbidity, high costs of treatment, and long-term sequelae. However, the extent of the problem may be underestimated since trauma analysis, from a forensic odontology perspective, is not widely represented in the scientific literature. The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence of traumatic orofacial injuries (TOI) and TDI in unidentified bodies and their association with the cause of death. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted of dental and autopsy reports of unidentified bodies admitted to the Institute of Forensic Medicine of Belo Horizonte (IFM-BH), Brazil, between 2015 and 2016. The final sample was made up of 536 bodies. Demographic data, the location where the body was found, cause of death, and the presence and type of orofacial trauma were collected. RESULTS: The mean of the estimated age of the bodies was 38 years and the median was 35 years. Most of the bodies were from males (87.5%) and were found downtown in the city of Belo Horizonte (60.4%). Violence was the most common cause of death (64%), generally by gunshot (48.7%). Bodies with an estimated age ≤35 years were eight times more likely to have died from violent causes. TOI was registered in 50.9% of the reports. TDI was observed in 10.8% of the bodies. Victims of violent death were seven times more likely to present TOI. Such association was not observed when the presence of TDI was considered. CONCLUSIONS: There is a positive association between TOI and violent death in unidentified bodies.

Prevalence, Etiology and Treatment Needs of Traumatic Dental Injuries in Schoolchildren aged 12 years at Brasília, Brazil

To investigate the prevalence of dental trauma, its causes, sites and age at the occurrence of injuries and treatment needs related to dental trauma in schoolchildren aged 12 years at Brasília, DF, Brazil.Material and Methods:A cross-sectional, population-based study was conducted on a sample of 1,389 schoolchildren of public and private schools. Two questionnaires were used: one targeted to parents/legal caretakers and the other responded by the schoolchildren. The criteria for classification of trauma used in the ChildrenÆs Dental Survey in the United Kingdom were adopted. The examinations were performed by two trained and calibrated examiners (inter and intra-examiner kappa: 0.85 to 1.00). The association between dental trauma and the study variables was evaluated by the chi-square test.Results:A total of 1,445 students were examined, with a response rate of 80.48%. Prevalence of 14.63% (public schools) and 23.40% (private schools) of dental trauma was found...(AU)

The most common cause of dental trauma was fall (7.87%), followed by collision with objects or persons(5.03%), inadequate use of the teeth (2.33%), sports accidents (2.11%) and car accidents (0.66%). It was observed that 256 students presented injury to at least one tooth, with predominance of enamel fracture (88.67%) followed by discoloration (5.47%), enamel and dentin fracture (3.90%) and tooth loss (1.95 %). The teeth most affected by trauma were the maxillary central incisors. The accidents occurred predominantly at home (44.25%) and at the school (26.99%). Only 28.51% had received treatment for the injuries.Conclusion:Dental trauma in the study population was significant, presenting diverse etiology and expressive treatment needs, indicating the importance of preventive programs to inform the population on the possible complications after trauma, as well as the need to follow-up traumatized teeth to avoid subsequent problems...

Socio-economic indicators and predisposing factors associated with traumatic dental injuries in schoolchildren at Brasília, Brazil: a cross-sectional, population-based study.

BACKGROUND: This study assessed the prevalence of traumatic dental injuries (TDI) and its association with sociodemographic and physical characteristics in the anterior permanent teeth of 12-year-old schoolchildren at the city of Brasília - DF, Brazil. METHODS: A cross-sectional, population-based study was conducted on a sample of 1,389 boys and girls aged 12 years, enrolled in public and private fundamental schools at the Administrative Region (RA) of Brasília, Brazil, from October 2011 to September 2012. The demographic details were achieved by a structured questionnaire. The study recorded the type of damage, the size of incisal overjet, and whether lip coverage was inadequate. Sociodemographic data included sex, income and educational level of the parents or caretakers. RESULTS: A total of 1118 schoolchildren were examined, yielding a response rate of 80.48%. The prevalence of TDI was 14.63% in public schools and 23.40% in private schools. The students did not differ according to sex, income and educational level of the parents or caretakers concerning the occurrence of traumas in permanent anterior teeth. Increased overjet and inadequate lip coverage were found to be important contributing factors for TDIs. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, this study showed an expressive prevalence of TDI in 12-year-old in schoolchildren at Brasília DF, Brazil. Sex and educational level of the parents were not associated with trauma. The increased overjet and inadequate lip coverage were significantly associated with dental trauma.