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1.
Rev. chil. pediatr ; 91(4): 597-604, ago. 2020. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1138677

ABSTRACT

Resumen: Cada vez es más frecuente la atención médica en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos (UCI) de niños o adolescentes inmigrantes como también de aquellos nacidos en nuestro país con padres en tal condición. Esto ha ocasionado, en la actualidad, que el equipo de salud se deba enfrentar con problemas diagnósticos derivados del escaso conocimiento de condiciones genéticas propias de esta población y/o el desarrollo de diversas patologías infrecuentes en nuestro país, algunas resultantes de su condi ción sanitaria. En esta revisión se abordan diversos aspectos de la patología hematológica, infecciosa, parasitaria, respiratoria y cardiovascular, todos tópicos relevantes de conocer durante su estadía en la UCI. Es un deber del equipo de salud actualizarse sobre patologías de baja prevalencia en nuestro país, algunas de ellas muy poco conocidas hasta hace una década, pero que, actualmente, están cada vez más presentes en las UCI del sistema de salud público chileno.


Abstract: It is increasingly common to provide medical care in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) for immigrant children and adolescents as well as those born in Chile with parents in such condition. Currently, this has caused that the health team has to face diverse infrequent pathologies in our country and/ or diagnostic problems derive from the poor knowledge of genetic conditions of this population, some resulting from their health conditions. This review addresses several aspects of hematological, infectious, parasitic, respiratory, and cardiovascular pathologies, all relevant topics to know during their stay in the ICU. It is a duty of the health team to be updated on pathologies of low prevalence in our country, some of them very little known until a decade ago, but which are currently increasingly present in the ICUs of the Chilean public health system.


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Respiratory Tract Diseases/diagnosis , Respiratory Tract Diseases/ethnology , Respiratory Tract Diseases/therapy , Cardiovascular Diseases/diagnosis , Cardiovascular Diseases/ethnology , Cardiovascular Diseases/therapy , Critical Care/methods , Emigrants and Immigrants , Hematologic Diseases/diagnosis , Hematologic Diseases/ethnology , Hematologic Diseases/therapy , Infections/diagnosis , Infections/ethnology , Infections/therapy , Intensive Care Units , Chile/epidemiology , Prevalence
2.
Rev Chil Pediatr ; 91(4): 597-604, 2020 Aug.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33399739

ABSTRACT

It is increasingly common to provide medical care in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) for immigrant children and adolescents as well as those born in Chile with parents in such condition. Currently, this has caused that the health team has to face diverse infrequent pathologies in our country and/ or diagnostic problems derive from the poor knowledge of genetic conditions of this population, some resulting from their health conditions. This review addresses several aspects of hematological, infectious, parasitic, respiratory, and cardiovascular pathologies, all relevant topics to know during their stay in the ICU. It is a duty of the health team to be updated on pathologies of low prevalence in our country, some of them very little known until a decade ago, but which are currently increasingly present in the ICUs of the Chilean public health system.


Subject(s)
Cardiovascular Diseases , Critical Care/methods , Emigrants and Immigrants , Hematologic Diseases , Infections , Intensive Care Units , Respiratory Tract Diseases , Adolescent , Cardiovascular Diseases/diagnosis , Cardiovascular Diseases/ethnology , Cardiovascular Diseases/therapy , Child , Child, Preschool , Chile/epidemiology , Hematologic Diseases/diagnosis , Hematologic Diseases/ethnology , Hematologic Diseases/therapy , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Infections/diagnosis , Infections/ethnology , Infections/therapy , Prevalence , Respiratory Tract Diseases/diagnosis , Respiratory Tract Diseases/ethnology , Respiratory Tract Diseases/therapy
3.
Arch Argent Pediatr ; 114(3): 258-166, 2016 Jun 01.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27164340

ABSTRACT

Given that childhood obesity is an epidemic, the frequency of critically-ill patients who are overweight or obese seen at intensive care units has increased rapidly. Adipose tissue is an endocrine organ that secretes a number of protein hormones, including leptin, which stands out because it regulates adipose tissue mass. The presence of arterial hypertension, metabolic syndrome, diabetes mellitus, respiratory disease and chronic kidney disease may become apparent and complicate the course of obese pediatric patients in the Intensive Care Unit. Obesity management is complex and should involve patients, their families and the medical community. It should be coordinated with comprehensive government health policies and implemented in conjunction with a change in cultural context.


Actualmente, la obesidad infantil constituye una epidemia. La frecuencia de pacientes críticos con sobrepeso u obesidad ha aumentado rápidamente en las unidades de cuidados intensivos. El tejido adiposo es un órgano endocrino que secreta varias hormonas proteicas, entre las que se destaca la leptina, la cual es reguladora de su masa. La presencia de hipertensión arterial, síndrome metabólico, diabetes mellitus, enfermedades respiratorias y enfermedad renal crónica se puede manifestar en el paciente pediátrico obeso durante su estadía en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos y complicar su evolución. El tratamiento de la obesidad es complejo y debe involucrar al paciente, a su familia y a la comunidad médica. Debe realizarse en coordinación con políticas sanitarias gubernamentales integrales y en conjunto con un cambio de marco cultural.


Subject(s)
Pediatric Obesity , Child , Humans , Intensive Care Units , Pediatric Obesity/complications , Pediatric Obesity/epidemiology , Pediatric Obesity/physiopathology
4.
Rev. chil. pediatr ; 75(supl.1): 25-31, oct. 2004. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-627433

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La bronquiolitis aguda (BA) es una de las patologías más prevalentes en la práctica pediátrica habitual. Objetivos: Comparar las características epidemiológicas de dos grupos de pacientes hospitalizados por BA en centros hospitalarios con diferencias demográficas y evaluar el manejo clínico y su evolución intrahospitalaria (IH). Material y Método: Se realizó una encuesta en forma prospectiva desde Mayo a Octubre 2002 a los padres de pacientes con diagnósticos de ingreso de BA hospitalizados en los Servicios de Pediatría UC (HUC) y Sótero del Río (HSR), incluyendo datos generales, epidemiológicos y antecedentes de patología previa. Junto con esto se registraron los datos de la presentación clínica y evolución IH. Resultados: Se encuestaron 130 pacientes del HSR y 93 del HUC. El promedio de edad fue de 2,5 ± 0,2 meses para el HSR y 6,6 para el HUC (p < 0,0001). Hubo diferencia en la educación de los padres (19,2% básica, 70% media, 10,7% superior en HSR y 2,1% básica 37,6% media y 60,2% superior en HUC p < 0,0001). En cuanto a los factores ambientales se encontró diferencias en la asistencia a sala cuna (2,3% en HSR vs 16,1% en HUC p < 0,0001). La contaminación intradomiciliaria demostró diferencias en el uso de parafina (46,1% en HSR vs 8,6 en HUC p < 0,001), el tabaquismo alcanzó diferencia significativa (38% HSR vs 22% HUC p < 0,02). Respecto al manejo IH, se observó mayor uso de adrenalina en HSR 81,5% vs 44% en HUC (p < 0,001) y la kinesioterapia respiratoria se utilizó en el 86% de los pacientes del HSR y en un 54% de los pacientes UC (p < 0,0001). No hubo diferencias en las complicaciones IH en ambos grupos. Conclusiones: La diferencia de edad y en el nivel SE de los pacientes hospitalizados en ambos centros, no se refleja en la presencia de complicaciones.


Introduction: Acute bronchiolitis (AB) is a frequent respiratory disease in infants. Objectives: To compare epidemiological characteristics of two groups of patients hospitalized due to AB in two hospitals with different SE conditions and to evaluate clinical management and hospital evolution. Methods: We performed a prospective clinical questionnaire between May and October 2002 to parents of infants younger than 2 years admitted with diagnosis of AB at the Pediatric Services of Universidad Católica (HUC) and Sótero del Río (HSR), including general information, epidemiological and previous disease. Clinical presentation and hospital evolution were recorded. Results: A total of 130 questionnaires were done in HSR and 93 in HUC. Mean age was 2,5 ± 0,2 months in HSR vs 6,6 ± 0,6 in HVC (p < 0,0001), with a predominance in males in both centers. Parental education was different (19,2% primary, 70% secondary and 10,7% university in HSR vs 2,15 primary, 37,6% secondary and 60.2 university in HUC p < 0,0001). Day care attendance was different (2,3% in HSR vs 16,1% in HUC, p < 0,0001). Kerosene heating was present in 46,1% in HSR vs 8,6% in HUC (p < 0,001), passive tabacco smoke was 38% in HSR vs 22% in HUC (p < 0,02). Clinical management showed significant differences in several aspects, such as: days of admission (mean of 5,2 days, 4 in HSR vs 4,4 days, in HUC p < 0,001). Adrenaline was given to 81,5% patients in HSR vs 44% in HUC (p < 001) and chest physiotherapy to 86% infants in HSR and 54% in HUC (p < 0,0001). Clinical complications were not different in both groups. Conclusions: Acute bronchiolitis can affect infants independent of their SE conditions. Despite of different SE status, clinical evolution and complications were not different.

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