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1.
Rev. argent. cardiol ; 91(6): 428-434, dez.2023. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1559214

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Introducción. La endocarditis infecciosa (EI) es una enfermedad potencialmente mortal que puede requerir tratamiento quirúrgico. A pesar de ser fundamentales en la toma de decisiones, los puntajes de riesgo quirúrgico no fueron generados específicamente para estratificar el riesgo de esta enfermedad. Objetivos. Evaluar la capacidad predictiva de los puntajes de riesgo quirúrgico ajustados a la EI. Material y métodos. Estudio unicéntrico observacional y retrospectivo de 270 pacientes mayores de 18 años que cursaron internación por EI en actividad desde 06/2008 hasta 02/2023, de los cuales 70 (26 %) fueron sometidos a cirugía cardíaca central. Se excluyeron las endocarditis asociadas a dispositivos, y los pacientes que no se sometieron a cirugía cardíaca. Los puntajes de riesgo quirúrgico analizados fueron: EuroSCORE II, EURO-IE, STS-IE y PALSUSE (Prótesis, Edad >70, (Large) gran destrucción, Staphylococcus, Urgencia, Sexo femenino, EuroSCORE >10). La capacidad predictiva de cada puntaje se evaluó por medio del estadístico C, calculando el área bajo la curva de la relación sensibilidad/1-especificidad, con sus respectivos intervalos de confianza (IC) 95%, y su significación estadística. Resultados. La mediana (rango intercuartílico, RIC) de edad fue de 60 años (48-67) y la de los días de internación fue de 23 (17-39). Cuarenta y un pacientes (58,57 %) tenían una válvula protésica. Respecto a los gérmenes causales, el Staphylococcus fue responsable del 30 % de las infecciones. Las principales indicaciones de tratamiento quirúrgico fueron la insuficiencia cardíaca (44 %), el absceso (19%) y la disfunción protésica (12 %). Se objetivó absceso anular en el 28,57 % de los pacientes. La necesidad de cirugía de urgencia fue del 45,71 % y de emergencia del 7,14 %. La mortalidad hospitalaria fue del 21,42 %. La capacidad predictiva de todos los puntajes fue estadísticamente significativa, excepto el STS- IE . El STS-IE presentó un área bajo la curva (ABC) de 0,586 (IC 95% 0,429-0,743). El EuroSCORE II, un ABC de 0,685 (IC 95 % 0,541-0,830); el EURO-IE presentó un ABC de 0,695 (IC 95 % 0,556-0,834) y el PALSUSE un ABC de 0,819 (IC 95% 0,697-0,941). Conclusión. Los resultados de este estudio sugieren que el score PALSUSE fue mejor predictor de riesgo quirúrgico en pacientes con EI activa, en comparación con los puntajes Euroscore II, EURO-IE y STS-IE.


ABSTRACT Background. Infective endocarditis (IE) is a life-threatening disease that may require surgical treatment. Despite being fundamental in decision making, surgical scores were not generated specifically to stratify the risk of this disease. Objectives. The objective of this study was to: To evaluate the predictive capacity of surgical risk scores adjusted for IE. Methods. Single-center observational and retrospective study of 270 patients > 18 years, hospitalized for active IE from 06/2008 to 02/2023, of which 70 (26 %) underwent central cardiac surgery. Device-associated endocarditis and patients who did not undergo cardiac surgery were excluded. The surgical risk scores analyzed were: EuroSCORE II, EURO-IE, STS-IE and PALSUSE (Prosthesis, Age >70, large cardiac destruction, Staphylococcus, Urgency, Female gender, EuroScore >10). The predictive capacity of each score was evaluated using the C statistic, calculating the area under the curve of the sensitivity/1- specificity relationship with their respective 95 % confidence intervals (CI), and statistical significance. Results. The median age (interquartile range, IQR) was 60 years (48-67) and the number of days of hospitalization were 23 (17-39). Forty-one patients (58.57 %) had a prosthetic valve. Regarding the causative germs, Staphylococcus was responsible for 30 % of the infections. The main indications for surgical treatment were heart failure (44%), abscess (19 %) and prosthetic dysfunction (12%). Annular abscess was observed in 28.57 % of patients. Urgent surgery was performed in 45.71 % and emergency surgery was performed in 7.14 %. Hospital mortality was 21.42 %. The predictive capacity of all scores was statistically significant, except for the STS-IE. The STS-IE score presented an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.586 (95 % CI 0.429-0.743). The EuroSCORE II, an AUC of 0.685 (95 % CI 0.541-0.830); the EURO-IE presented an AUC of 0.695 (95 % CI 0.556-0.834) and the PALSUSE an AUC of 0.819 (95 % CI 0.697-0.941). Conclusion. The results of this study suggest that the PALSUSE score was a better predictor of surgical risk in patients with active IE, compared to the Euroscore II, EURO-IE and STS-IE scores.

2.
Rev. argent. cardiol ; 90(1): 57-61, mar. 2022. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1407111

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Introducción: La endocarditis infecciosa (EI) post implante percutáneo de válvula aórtica (TAVI) es poco frecuente, con una alta tasa de morbimortalidad. Métodos: Se analizaron 630 pacientes consecutivos con TAVI, de los cuales 6 (0,95%) presentaron EI. Resultados: Cuatro eran hombres, edad 81,3 ± 2,2 años, y todos sintomáticos. La fracción de eyección ventricular izquierda (FEVI) fue 56,8 ± 5,3%. Todos recibieron un implante exitoso y uno presentó regurgitación moderada. Dos requirieron marcapaso definitivo, a uno de ellos se le debió recolocar el cable a las 24 hs. La EI se presentó a los 63,5 ± 73,3 días (mediana de 35 días). El germen aislado fue un coco (+) en cuatro casos. En uno se observó una vegetación en el ecocardiograma transesofágico. Un paciente falleció dentro de los 30 días. El seguimiento fue a 23 ± 22 meses, ningún paciente presentó nuevos eventos o internaciones. En el eco Doppler la FEVI fue de 55,9 ± 4,6%, el gradiente medio 8,2 ± 1,8 mmHg y la velocidad pico de 1,8 ± 0,2 m/seg. Un paciente terminó una regurgitación moderada. Conclusiones: En esta serie de pacientes, la EI post TAVI fue poco frecuente y presentó una evolución favorable con el tratamiento antibiótico.


ABSTRACT Background: Infective endocarditis (IE) after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is a rare complication with high morbidity and mortality. Methods: Of 630 consecutive patients undergoing TAVI, 6 (0.95%) presented IE. Results: Four patients were men, mean age was 81.3 ± 2.2 years and all the patients were symptomatic. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was 56.8 ± 5.3%. The procedure was successful in all the patients and one presented moderate regurgitation. Two patients required definitive pacemaker and the lead had to be reimplanted 24 hours later in 1 patient. Time to IE was 63.5 ± 73.3 days (median 35 days). A Gram-positive coccus was isolated in four cases. One patient presented a vegetation on transesophagic echocardiography. One patient died within 30 days. During follow-up of 23 ± 22 months none of the patients presented new events or hospitalizations. On Doppler echocardiography, LVEF was 55.9 ± 4.6%, mean trans-aortic gradient was 8.2 ± 1.8 mm Hg and peak systolic velocity was 1.8 ± 0.2 m/s. One patient had moderate regurgitation. Conclusions: In this series of patients, IE after TAVI was uncommon and had a favorable course with antibiotic treatment.

3.
Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol ; 20(4): 386-93, 2015 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25639818

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Abnormal dynamicity of repolarization is considered to be a marker of myocardial vulnerability contributing to increased risk of arrhythmic events and sudden death. However, little is known about QT dynamics in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). In this study, we aimed to evaluate ventricular repolarization by QT dynamicity in patients with HCM, focusing on its value to define if it is able to differentiate among low- and high-risk HCM patients. METHODS: The linear regression slopes of the QT interval, measured to the apex and to the end of the T wave plotted against RR intervals (QTapex/RR and QTend/RR slopes, respectively) were calculated from 24-hour Holter recordings using a standard algorithm in 36 HCM patients and 64 control subjects. RESULTS: QTapex/RR and QTend/RR slopes were significantly steeper in the HCM patients in contrary to healthy control subjects (QTapex/RR = 0.22 + 0.08 vs 0.20 + 0.05, P = 0.0367; QTend/RR = 0.25 + 0.10 vs 0.20 + 0.06, P = 0.023). Moreover, the slopes of QTend/RR and QTapex/RR of high-risk patients were significantly steeper than those of control subjects while no significant differences were found among low-risk HCM patients and control subjects and only QTe/RR of high-risk patients was significantly different between low- and high-risk HCM patients. CONCLUSIONS: Our study results suggest that QT dynamicity is impaired in patients with HCM and may help to differentiate among low- and high-risk patients. Further studies are needed to elucidate the prognostic significance and clinical implications of impaired ventricular repolarization in patients with HCM.


Subject(s)
Arrhythmias, Cardiac/complications , Arrhythmias, Cardiac/physiopathology , Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic/complications , Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic/physiopathology , Electrocardiography, Ambulatory , Heart Rate/physiology , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Risk
6.
J Heart Valve Dis ; 11(3): 375-82; discussion 382, 2002 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12056730

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND AND AIM OF THE STUDY: The feasibility of the Ross procedure, and which patients benefit most from its performance, have not yet been fully established. The study aim was to analyze the relationship between the etiology of aortic valve disease, the feasibility of performing the Ross procedure, and late pulmonary autograft performance. METHODS: Between June 1995 and June 2001, 117 patients (77 males, 40 females; mean age 37+/-12 years) underwent the Ross procedure at the authors' institution. Of these patients, 53 (45.3%) had severe aortic stenosis, 53 (45.3%) had significant aortic insufficiency, four (3.4%) had active endocarditis, two (1.7%) had subaortic stenosis, and five (4.3%) had prosthesis dysfunction. Eighty-one patients (69%) had a bicuspid aortic valve. Pulmonary autograft dysfunction was defined as regurgitation grade > or =2, as registered by Doppler echocardiography. RESULTS: The Ross procedure was successful in 100 patients (85.5%); hospital mortality was 2.6% (n = 3). The procedure was not feasible in 17 patients (14.5%); of these, seven had bicuspid pulmonary valve, six had >3 mm multiple pulmonary valve fenestrations, three had severe pulmonary insufficiency, and one patient had dissection-related pulmonary valve injury. Twelve of 16 patients presenting with pulmonary valve defects had bicuspid aortic valve (p = 0.04). At six-year follow up, the probability of not requiring reoperation was 93% (confidence interval 86-100%). During follow up (30+/-14 months; range: 2-72 months), six patients presented with grade 2 pulmonary autograft insufficiency, three with grade 3, and two with grade 4. Six of the latter 11 patients (p = 0.03) had a history of bicuspid aortic valve with aortic regurgitation. Freedom from autograft dysfunction was 87% (confidence interval 82-92%). Patients with bicuspid aortic valve and aortic valve regurgitation had a higher tendency towards autograft dysfunction than those with bicuspid aortic valve and aortic stenosis (65% versus 100%, p = 0.004). CONCLUSION: The feasibility of performing the Ross procedure is high, unless there is presence of bicuspid aortic valve. Patients with bicuspid aortic valve and a history of aortic insufficiency tend to develop moderate autograft dysfunction during long-term follow up.


Subject(s)
Cardiac Surgical Procedures/statistics & numerical data , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aortic Valve/diagnostic imaging , Aortic Valve/pathology , Aortic Valve/surgery , Argentina , Echocardiography, Doppler , Echocardiography, Transesophageal , Feasibility Studies , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Heart Valve Diseases/etiology , Heart Valve Diseases/mortality , Heart Valve Diseases/surgery , Hospital Mortality , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Mitral Valve/diagnostic imaging , Mitral Valve/pathology , Mitral Valve/surgery , Pulmonary Valve/diagnostic imaging , Pulmonary Valve/pathology , Pulmonary Valve/surgery , Reoperation , Severity of Illness Index , Treatment Outcome
7.
Rev. argent. cardiol ; 65(4): 413-8, jul.-ago. 1997. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-206662

ABSTRACT

La obstrucción dinámica al tracto de salida del ventrículo izquierdo luego del reemplazo de la válvula aórtica por estenosis aórtica grave es una situación hemodinámica descripta recientemente. Se describen 5 pacientes que desarrollaron insuficiencia cardíaca durante el posoperatorio de reemplazo valvular aórtico. El eco-doppler cardíaco de todos ellos demostró la existencia de un gradiente intraventricular superior al normal. El cuadro de insuficiencia cardíaca mejoró con reposición de volumen y bloqueantes cálcicos


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aortic Valve Stenosis/surgery , Heart Failure/complications , Calcium Channel Blockers , Echocardiography, Doppler , Myocardial Revascularization , Postoperative Complications
8.
Rev. argent. cardiol ; 65(4): 413-8, jul.-ago. 1997. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | BINACIS | ID: bin-19692

ABSTRACT

La obstrucción dinámica al tracto de salida del ventrículo izquierdo luego del reemplazo de la válvula aórtica por estenosis aórtica grave es una situación hemodinámica descripta recientemente. Se describen 5 pacientes que desarrollaron insuficiencia cardíaca durante el posoperatorio de reemplazo valvular aórtico. El eco-doppler cardíaco de todos ellos demostró la existencia de un gradiente intraventricular superior al normal. El cuadro de insuficiencia cardíaca mejoró con reposición de volumen y bloqueantes cálcicos (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Aortic Valve Stenosis/surgery , Heart Failure/complications , Myocardial Revascularization , Postoperative Complications , Echocardiography, Doppler , Calcium Channel Blockers/administration & dosage
9.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 57(1): 47-51, ene.-feb. 1997. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-199730

ABSTRACT

Los pacientes con esclerosis sistémica (ES) presentan disfunción ventricular inducida por la exposición al frío. Considerando que la misma podría estar vinculada a un fenómeno de Raynaud coronario se desarrolló la siguiente investigación. En el presente estudio se ha evaluado el efecto del diltiazem sobre la disfunción ventricular izquierda inducida por frío en pacientes com ES sin alteraciones cardíacas clínicamente evidentes. Se incluyeron 12 pacientes, 11 mujeres y 1 hombre de 49,9 + 3,8 años de edad con ES 9,3 + 4,8 años de evolución de la enfermedad, en quienes se verificó una caída de la fracción de eyección del ventrículo izquierdo (Fey VI) mayor al 10 por ciento de su valor basal con el enfriamiento corporal. Finalizado el estudio basal se les indicó diltiazem (DTZ) 90 mg vía oral cada 8 horas durante 48 hs y se repitió el estudio basal y post-frío. Durante el procedimiento se empleó monitoreo electrocardiográfico continuo y control de la presión arterial al finalizar cada una de las etapas del estudio. Resultados: Un paciente fue excluido del análisis final por no completar el protocolo. No se observaron diferencias significativas en la Fey VI basal con o sin diltiazem (DTZ) (63,1 + 1,8 y 64,8 + 2,6 respectivamente). Luego del enfriamiento se observó una caída significativa de la Fey VI (p < 0,00001) acompañada de trastornos en la motilidad parietal sin DTZ. Con el empleo del fármaco no se verificaron caída significativa de la Fey VI ni trastornos en la motilidad parietal con el enfriamiento corporal. Los hallazgos del presente estudio indican que el DTZ previene la disfunción ventricular inducida por el frío en este grupo de pacientes, posiblemente por disminuir la presencia del fenómeno de Raynaud a nível de las arterias coronarias.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Cold Temperature/adverse effects , Diltiazem/pharmacology , Scleroderma, Systemic/physiopathology , Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/etiology , Ventricular Function, Left/drug effects , Body Temperature , Diltiazem/therapeutic use , Radionuclide Ventriculography , Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/drug therapy
10.
Medicina [B.Aires] ; 57(1): 47-51, ene.-feb. 1997. gra
Article in Spanish | BINACIS | ID: bin-20433

ABSTRACT

Los pacientes con esclerosis sistémica (ES) presentan disfunción ventricular inducida por la exposición al frío. Considerando que la misma podría estar vinculada a un fenómeno de Raynaud coronario se desarrolló la siguiente investigación. En el presente estudio se ha evaluado el efecto del diltiazem sobre la disfunción ventricular izquierda inducida por frío en pacientes com ES sin alteraciones cardíacas clínicamente evidentes. Se incluyeron 12 pacientes, 11 mujeres y 1 hombre de 49,9 + 3,8 años de edad con ES 9,3 + 4,8 años de evolución de la enfermedad, en quienes se verificó una caída de la fracción de eyección del ventrículo izquierdo (Fey VI) mayor al 10 por ciento de su valor basal con el enfriamiento corporal. Finalizado el estudio basal se les indicó diltiazem (DTZ) 90 mg vía oral cada 8 horas durante 48 hs y se repitió el estudio basal y post-frío. Durante el procedimiento se empleó monitoreo electrocardiográfico continuo y control de la presión arterial al finalizar cada una de las etapas del estudio. Resultados: Un paciente fue excluido del análisis final por no completar el protocolo. No se observaron diferencias significativas en la Fey VI basal con o sin diltiazem (DTZ) (63,1 + 1,8 y 64,8 + 2,6 respectivamente). Luego del enfriamiento se observó una caída significativa de la Fey VI (p < 0,00001) acompañada de trastornos en la motilidad parietal sin DTZ. Con el empleo del fármaco no se verificaron caída significativa de la Fey VI ni trastornos en la motilidad parietal con el enfriamiento corporal. Los hallazgos del presente estudio indican que el DTZ previene la disfunción ventricular inducida por el frío en este grupo de pacientes, posiblemente por disminuir la presencia del fenómeno de Raynaud a nível de las arterias coronarias. (AU)


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Comparative Study , Cold Temperature/adverse effects , Diltiazem/pharmacology , Ventricular Function, Left/drug effects , Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/etiology , Scleroderma, Systemic/physiopathology , Diltiazem/therapeutic use , Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/drug therapy , Radionuclide Ventriculography , Body Temperature
13.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 55(4): 289-94, 1995. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-161628

ABSTRACT

Cardiac abnormalities are frequent in patients with systemic sclerosis (SS). These abnormalities have been demonstrated in over 80 percent of patients with SS and there are some clues that suggest that an intermittent vascular spasm (i.e. coronary Raynaud's phenomenon) is one of the causes of myocardial dysfunction in this group of patients. The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the ventricular performance and regional wall motion during exposure to cold in patients with SS and Raynaud's phenomenon without overt cardiac disease. Twenty-four patients and 10 normal volunteers underwent radionuclide ventriculograms (RV). In each subject the RV was done thrice: basal, 20 minutes after chilling with thermic blanket and post reheating. The left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) decreased during the cold test (p = 0.03) with reversible abnormalities in wall motion. Basal Right Ventricular Ejection Fraction (RVEF) was lower than that of normal subjects (p = 0.02) and decreased during the cold test (p = 0.04). Therefore, we were able to demonstrate an early cardiac dysfunction associated with impaired wall motion after corporal chilling. These findings suggest that coronary spasm in SS would be an early and frequent phenomenon that would precede the development of symptomatic cardiac disease in some patients with this illness.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Coronary Vasospasm/complications , Scleroderma, Systemic/physiopathology , Scleroderma, Localized/physiopathology , Ventricular Function/physiology , Hypothermia, Induced , Hypothermia, Induced/adverse effects , Radionuclide Ventriculography , Retrospective Studies , Stroke Volume
14.
Medicina [B.Aires] ; 55(4): 289-94, 1995. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | BINACIS | ID: bin-23063

ABSTRACT

Cardiac abnormalities are frequent in patients with systemic sclerosis (SS). These abnormalities have been demonstrated in over 80 percent of patients with SS and there are some clues that suggest that an intermittent vascular spasm (i.e. coronary Raynauds phenomenon) is one of the causes of myocardial dysfunction in this group of patients. The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the ventricular performance and regional wall motion during exposure to cold in patients with SS and Raynauds phenomenon without overt cardiac disease. Twenty-four patients and 10 normal volunteers underwent radionuclide ventriculograms (RV). In each subject the RV was done thrice: basal, 20 minutes after chilling with thermic blanket and post reheating. The left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) decreased during the cold test (p = 0.03) with reversible abnormalities in wall motion. Basal Right Ventricular Ejection Fraction (RVEF) was lower than that of normal subjects (p = 0.02) and decreased during the cold test (p = 0.04). Therefore, we were able to demonstrate an early cardiac dysfunction associated with impaired wall motion after corporal chilling. These findings suggest that coronary spasm in SS would be an early and frequent phenomenon that would precede the development of symptomatic cardiac disease in some patients with this illness.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Scleroderma, Systemic/physiopathology , Scleroderma, Localized/physiopathology , Coronary Vasospasm/complications , Hypothermia, Induced/adverse effects , Hypothermia, Induced/methods , Stroke Volume , Ventricular Function/physiology , Radionuclide Ventriculography , Retrospective Studies
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