Room-temperature, phosphorimetric determination of the beta-blocking agent pindolol in pharmaceutical tablets, urine and blood serum.

It is already recognised that heavy-atom-induced, room-temperature phosphorescence can be used to determine pindolol in pharmaceutical samples and biological fluids. We describe here a new, simple, rapid and selective development of this technique. The phosphorescence signals derive from the interaction of pindolol with a relatively high concentration of heavy-atom salts in the presence of sodium sulphite as oxygen scavenger. Phosphorescence was registered in the presence of 1.2 M potassium iodide, 15 mM sodium sulphite and 30% v/v methanol at 450 nm, exciting at 285 nm. The detection limit was 21.1 ng mL(-1). The method has been successfully applied to the determination of pindolol in commercial pharmaceutical tablets, urine and blood serum.

Simultaneous determination of the pesticides carbaryl and thiabendazole in environmental samples by a three-dimensional derivative variable-angle and a synchronous room-temperature phosphorescence spectroscopy.

A three-dimensional derivative variable-angle synchronous scanning (DVASS) and a synchronous scanning (SS) heavy-atom room-temperature phosphorimetry (HAI-RTP) method are reported, for the first time, to identify and quantify the spectral overlapping phosphorescent pesticides thiabendazole (TBZ) and carbaryl (CBL). These pesticides are widely used in agriculture. The phosphorescence emission of the two compounds was obtained using sodium sulfite as the O2 scavenger and an external heavy atom salt. A careful selection of these experimental variables has been carried out. The increase of selectivity afforded by the DVASS and the SS methodology permitted the demonstration of its applicability to the simultaneous determination of phosphorescent signals of these two pesticides with overlapping spectral profiles. Limits of detection ranged between 1.4 ng/mL for TBZ and 1.7 ng/mL for CBL. The proposed method has been satisfactorily applied to the analysis of both pesticides in different types of water samples.

Simple determination of propranolol in pharmaceutical preparations by heavy atom induced room temperature phosphorescence.

The applicability of heavy atom induced room temperature phosphorescence in real samples is demonstrated in this work. In this methodology only two reagents, potassium iodide as heavy atom salt and sodium sulphite as oxygen scavenger, were used to obtain phosphorescent signal of propranolol in solution. Thus a new simple, rapid and selective phosphorimetric method is proposed for propranolol determination in pharmaceutical preparations. The phosphorescence intensity was measured at 492 nm exciting at 294 nm. Phosphorescence was fully developed instantly, obtaining a linear concentration range between 0 and 500 ng ml(-1) with a detection limit of 14.4 ng ml(-1), an analytical sensitivity of 6.7 ng ml(-1) and a standard deviation of 1.4% at a 300 ng ml(-1) concentration level. The method has been successfully applied to the analysis of propranolol in an antidepressive pharmaceutical preparation and it was validated using standard addition methodology.

HAI-RTP determination of carbaryl pesticide in different irrigation water samples of south Spain.

In this work, a widely used pesticide named carbaryl, present in numerous water supplies, has been determined by the so-called heavy atom induced room-temperature phosphorescence (HAI-RTP) methodology. A detailed study of numerous instrumental variables such as sensitivity, slits, decay time, and gate time, and those of experimental type such as heavy atoms, oxygen scavenger, temperature, buffer solutions, and organic solvents, have been carried out. The detection limit was 2.8 ng mL(-)(1) with a relative standard deviation of 2.12% at the 150 ng mL(-)(1) level. Spiked irrigation water samples taken from different places near agricultural fields gave mean percentage recoveries of 95.7%. The results obtained in this study indicate that the proposed method is suitable for the determination of residues of carbaryl pesticide in water samples with good reproducibility and sensitivity for the analysis of this compound being rapid and very simple for routine analysis.

Simple and rapid determination of the drug naproxen in pharmaceutical preparations by heavy atom-induced room temperature phosphorescence.

A simple, selective and sensitive heavy atom-induced room temperature phosphorimetric method (HAI-RTP) is described for the determination of naproxen (NAP) in pharmaceutical preparations. The phosphorescence signals are a consequence of intermolecular protection when analytes are, exclusively, in presence of a heavy atom salt and sodium sulfite as an oxygen scavenger to minimize RTP quenching. These variables selection constitute the basis of a HAI-RTP method for the determination of naproxen (detection limit 17.6 ng ml(-1); 1.71% relative standard deviation at 250 ng ml(-1)). The method has been applied satisfactorily to the analysis of pharmaceutical preparations.

Room-temperature phosphorimetric method for the determination of the drug naphazoline in pharmaceutical preparations.

A selective and sensitive micelle-stabilized room-temperature phosphorimetric (MS-RTP) method for the determination of naphazoline in pharmaceutical preparations is described. The method is based on obtaining a phosphorescence signal from naphazoline using a micellar agent (sodium dodecyl sulfate), a heavy atom salt (TINO3) and a deoxygenation agent (Na2SO3). Optimization of the various conditions permitted the establishment of an MS-RTP method for naphazoline determination with a detection limit of 64.2 ng ml-1 and a relative standard deviation of 3.74% at the 500 ng ml-1 level. The method was applied to the analysis of pharmaceutical preparations.