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1.
Rev. esp. sanid. penit ; 17(1): 20-29, 2015. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-133370

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: la obesidad es un factor de riesgo cardiovascular con alta prevalencia, y relacionado con la cardiopatia isquemica. El objetivo fue analizar mediante antropometria, una muestra de varones con Sindrome Coronario Agudo (SCA) diagnosticado en un hospital de referencia penitenciaria, y un grupo control. Material y metodo: estudio caso-control en un Area de Salud que integraba a un Centro Penitenciario. Los participantes fueron 204 varones, 102 infartados y un control por cada caso. Se midio peso, talla, cintura minima (CC), cintura umbilical (CU) y cadera. Se calcularon el IMC y otros indicadores. Se realizo un analisis descriptivo y se obtuvieron las areas bajo la curva (ABC) greceiver operating characteristich, las odds ratio (OR), y las correlaciones en SCA. Resultados: la obesidad presento mayor prevalencia en SCA (31,4% vs 9,1%; OR: 4,7), otros indicadores mostraron asociacion discriminatoria: IMC (ABC: 0,699; OR: 3,9), CC (ABC: 0,750; OR: 6,3), CU (ABC: 0,777; OR: 10), talla inversa (ABC: 0,619; OR: 2,1), indice cintura/cadera (ABC: 0,832; OR: 11,6); indice CU/cadera (ABC: 0,857; OR: 15,6), indice CU/talla (ABC: 0,800; OR: 8,9). Las correlaciones entre las cinturas y los indices cintura-talla fueron fuertes (todas r .0,90; p <0,001). Discusion: los indicadores antropometricos de obesidad estan asociados al SCA. La CU es la medida simple mas asociada. El IMC presenta una asociacion debil; el indice CU/talla presenta alto poder discriminatorio y la mejor correlacion antropometrica de riesgo, apoyando su uso en la identificacion de varones con riesgo de infarto de miocardio tanto en la poblacion general como penitenciaria (AU)


Objectives: Obesity is a cardiovascular risk factor with a high epidemic burden on ischemic heart disease. The aim of this study was to analyze the anthropometric indicators of obesity in a sample of males who have had an Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) diagnosed in a prison referral hospital, and a control group. Material and methods: Cross-sectional case-control study in a Health Area with inclusion of a penitentiary center. The participants in this study were 204 males, 102 cases and one control selected for each case (n=102). We measured weight, height waist circumference (WC), umbilical waist (UW) and hip circumference. We calculated body mass index (BMI) and other anthropometric indicators: waist to-hip-ratios (WHR and UWHR), waist to-height-ratios (WHtR and UWHtR). We obtained the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC), the odds ratio (OR) and the correlations in the infarcted people. Results: Obesity was more prevalent in ACS (31.4% vs 9.1%; OR: 4.7). Other indicators show a discriminatory association. BMI (AUC: 0.699; OR: 3.9), WC (AUC: 0.750; OR: 6.3), UW (AUC: 0.777; OR: 10), inverse height (AUC: 0.619; OR: 2.1), WHR (AUC: 0.832; OR: 11.6); UWHR (AUC: 0.857; OR: 15.6), UWHtR (AUC: 0.800; OR: 8.9). In ACS the correlations for both WC and UW with waist to-height-ratios (WHtR and UWHtR) were strong (all r .0.90; p < 0.001). Discussion: The anthropometric indicators of obesity are clearly associated with ACS. UW is the simple measurement with the best association. BMI is most weakly associated. UWHtR presents high discriminatory power and the best anthropometric correlation of risk that supports its use for the identification of males at risk of myocardial infarction in the general population and prison (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Obesity/complications , Obesity/epidemiology , Anthropometry/methods , Acute Coronary Syndrome/complications , Acute Coronary Syndrome/epidemiology , Risk Factors , Myocardial Infarction/complications , Myocardial Infarction/epidemiology , Prisons/standards , Prisons , Case-Control Studies , Body Mass Index , Body Composition/physiology , Prisons/trends , Fujita-Pearson Scale , Somatotypes/physiology
2.
Public Health Nutr ; 17(4): 870-6, 2014 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23537776

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To analyse the association between waist-to-height ratio (WtHR) and body fat and to develop predictive adiposity equations that will simplify the diagnosis of obesity in the paediatric age group. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study conducted in Spain during 2007 and 2008. Anthropometric dimensions were taken according to the International Biology Program. The children were classified as underweight, normal weight, overweight or obese according to national standards of percentage body fat (%BF). WtHR differences among nutritional status categories were evaluated using ANOVA. Correlation analysis and regression analysis were carried out using WtHR as a predictor variable for %BF. A t test was applied to the results obtained by the regression model and by the Siri equation. The degree of agreement between both methods was evaluated by estimating the intra-class correlation coefficient. SETTING: Elementary and secondary schools in Madrid (Spain). SUBJECTS: Girls (n 1158) and boys (n 1161) from 6 to 14 years old. RESULTS: WtHR differed significantly (P < 0.001) depending on nutritional status category. This index was correlated (P < 0.001) with all adiposity indicators. The mean %BF values estimated by the regression model (boys: %BF = 106.50 × WtHR - 28.36; girls: %BF = 89.73 × WtHR - 15.40) did not differ from those obtained by the Siri equation. The intra-class correlation coefficient (0.85 in boys, 0.79 in girls) showed a high degree of concordance between both methods. CONCLUSIONS: WtHR proved to be an effective method for predicting relative adiposity in 6-14-year-olds. The developed equations can help to simplify the diagnosis of obesity in schoolchildren.


Subject(s)
Adiposity , Body Height , Hispanic or Latino/statistics & numerical data , Obesity/diagnosis , Overweight/diagnosis , Waist Circumference , Adolescent , Body Mass Index , Child , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Linear Models , Male , Socioeconomic Factors , Spain
3.
Nutr. clín. diet. hosp ; 33(2): 7-15, jul. 2013. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-117129

ABSTRACT

Se analiza la calidad de las medidas antropométricas efectuadas por 199 antropometristas que actuaron en 17 encuestas nutricionales de Acción Contra el Hambre efectuadas en Afganistán, Bangladesh, Bolivia, Mali, República de Myanmar y Filipinas. Para las tres dimensiones analizadas: peso, talla y perímetro del brazo (MUAC) el error técnico de medida (ETM) absoluto es aceptable, aunque supera el reseñado en la estandarización del Multicenter Growth Reference Study de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS). El nivel de competencia de los equipos de antropometristas que midieron en las 17 intervenciones difiere significativamente. El error técnico de medida relativo (ETM%) supera el margen de tolerancia para el peso en una de las encuestas y en cinco para el MUAC. Por lo que respecta al ETM% inter-observador, se encuentra en un rango adecuado para la talla y el peso, pero excede el nivel de tolerancia recomendado en 11 de las 17 campañas de intervención. Se recomienda hacer énfasis en la formación del personal técnico encargado de tomar las medidas antropométricas y tener especial cuidado en la medida del MUAC (AU)


We analyze the quality of the anthropometric measurements made by 199 anthropometrists who acted in 17 nutritional surveys conducted by ACF in Afgha - nistan, Bangladesh, Bolivia, Mali, Republic of Myanmar and the Philippines. For the three dimensions analyzed: weight, height and arm circumference (MUAC) the technical error of measurement (TEM) is acceptable, although it is over high than standardization values, outlined in the Multicenter Growth Reference Study of the World Helath Organization (WHO). The level of competence anthropometrists teams that measured in the 17 interventions differ significantly. The relative technical error of measurement (TEM%) exceeds the tolerance for the weight in one survey and five for MUAC. With respect to the TEM% inter-observer is in a suitable range for height and weight, but exceeds the recommended tolerance level in 11 of the 17 intervention campaigns. It is recommended to emphasize the training of technical staff in charge of taking anthropometric measurements and take special care in measuring the MUAC (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Child Nutrition Disorders/diagnosis , Anthropometry/methods , Severity of Illness Index , Body Composition , Weight by Height , Mid-Upper Arm Circumference , Hunger , Poverty Areas
4.
Nutr. clín. diet. hosp ; 31(3): 45-51, sept.-dic. 2011. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-104756

ABSTRACT

Introducción El índice cintura-talla (ICT) es fácil de medir, estable durante el crecimiento y está relacionado con marcadores cardiometabólicos en la infancia y adolescencia. Refleja los depósitos de grasa abdominal y es interesante conocer su relación con la adiposidad total y el porcentaje de grasa. Objetivo Analizar la asociación entre el ICT y la grasa corporal y desarrollar ecuaciones predictivas de la adiposidad que simplifiquen la diagnosis del sobrepeso y la obesidad infantil. Material y Métodos Se han analizado 2319 escolares de ambos sexos entre 6 y 14 años. Se midió el peso (kg), la talla (cm), el perímetro de la cintura (cm) y los pliegues adiposos del bíceps, tríceps, subescapular y suprailíaco (mm). Se calcularon: el índice cintura-talla (ICT) el índice de masa corporal (IMC) y el porcentaje de grasa (% G) por el método de Siri. Los sujetos fueron clasificados en la categoría de normopeso, sobrepeso u obesidad de acuerdo a los estándares de Marrodán et al., evaluando mediante ANOVA las diferencias de ICT entre las tres categorías nutricionales. Se efectuó un análisis de correlación y regresión tomando el ICT como variable predictora de la suma de pliegues y del % G. Se empleó una prueba de T de Student para comparar los variables originales de adiposidad y las predichas por el modelo. Resultados El ICT difiere significativamente (p< 0,001) en función de la categoría nutricional. Este índice se correlacionó significativamente (p < 0,001) en función de la categoría nutricional. Este índice se correlacionó significativamente (p < 0,001) con todos los indicadores de adiposidad aunque los coeficientes “r” fueron más elevados para el contraste con la suma de pliegues (0,823 envarones; 0,821 en mujeres) y el % G (0,811 en varones; 0,793 en mujeres) que con el IMC (0,690 en varones; 0,721 en mujeres). Los valores promedio estimados por el modelo de regresión subestimaron la suma de pliegues ( 0,91 mm en varones; 1,48 mm en mujeres) y resultaron levemente superiores a los de partida en el caso del % G (0,14 mm en varones; 0,31 mm en mujeres). Para la adiposidad relativa, no existen diferencias significativas entre la expresión de Siri y las ecuaciones desarrolladas en el presente trabajo: Varones: % G= 106,50 x ICT- 28,36; Mujeres: %G = 89,73 x ICT -15,40 Conclusiones El índice de cintura-talla (ICT) resulta eficaz para predecir la adiposidad relativa entre los 6 y 14 años. Las ecuaciones desarrolladas contribuyen a simplificar el diagnóstico del sobrepeso y la obesidad en edad pediátrica (AU)


Introduction The waist to height ratio (WHR) is an easy to measure index, stable during growth and related with cardiometabolic markers in childhood and adolescence. WHR reflects abdominal fat deposits, but is interesting to know its relationship with total adiposity and body fat percentage. Objectives The aim of these paper is to analyze the association between WHR and body fat and to develop predictive equations of adiposity in order to simplify the diagnosis of infant overweight and obesity. Material and Methods 2319 schoolchildren of both sexes between 6 and 14 were analized in this study and weight (kg), height (cm), waist circumference (cm) and biceps, triceps, subscapular and suprailiac skinfold thickness (mm) were measured. The waist to height ratio (WHR) body mass index (BMI) and body fat percentage (% BF) by Siri methodology were calculated. Subjects were classified in the category of normal weight, overweight or obesity according to standards of % BF of Marrodán et al. ANOVA test was carried out to evaluate the differences of WHR among the nutritional categories. An analysis of correlation and regression were applied using the WHR as predictor of the sum of skinfold thickness and % BF. We used a Student T test to compare the original variables of adiposity and those predicted by the regression mo del. Results The WHR differs significantly (p <0.001) depending on the nutritional category. This index was significantly correlated (p <0.001) with all indicators of adiposity although the coefficients “r” were higher for the contrast with the sum of skinfolds (0.823 in boys - 0.821 in girls) and % BF (0.811 in boys - 0.793 in girls) than with BMI (0.690- in boys, 0,721 in girls). The average values estimated by the regression model underestimated the sum of skinfolds (0.91 mm in boys and 1.48 mm in girls) and were slightly higher than original values in the case of % BF (0.14 mm in boys and 0.31 mm in girls). For relative adiposity, there is no difference between the expression of Siri and the equations developed in this work: Boys: % BF= 106.50 x 28.36 WHI; Girls: % BF = 89.73 x -15.40 WHI. Conclusions The waist to height ratio (WHR) is effective for predicting relative fatness (% BF) between 6 and 14 years. The developed equations can help to simplify the diagnosis of overweight and obesity in pediatric age (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Waist-Hip Ratio , Obesity/epidemiology , Adiposity , Overweight/epidemiology , Body Mass Index , School Health Services
5.
Nutr. clín. diet. hosp ; 29(3): 4-11, sept.-dic. 2009. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-80761

ABSTRACT

La finalidad de este trabajo es comparar ecuaciones antropométricas desarrolladas para estimar la adiposidad relativa en edad infantil. Se analizó una muestra de 1125 escolares españoles y 675 venezolanos entre los 6 y los 14 años. El porcentaje de grasa se obtuvo según las ecuaciones de Siri (1961), Slaughter et al. (1988) y Lohman et al. (1984). Para evaluar el acuerdo entre métodos se aplicó un análisis de correlación de Spearman, se calculó el coeficiente de correlación intraclase (CCI) y se aplicó el método Bland-Altman. Los resultados para el % de grasa obtenidos por cada uno de los tres métodos presentaron una buena concordancia aunque no pueden considerarse intercambiables. El modelo de concordancia resultó semejante para las dos poblaciones analizadas (AU)


The aim of this study is to compare methods of body composition assessment based in anthropometry. Were analyzed 1125 Spanish and 675 Venezuelan schoolchildren of both sexes, aged 6 to 14. Using the Siri (1961), Slaughter et al (1988) and Lohman et al.(1986) ecuations to calculate percent body fat. Spearman coefficient and Intraclass correlation coefficient (CCI) and Bland-Altman test were calculated to verify the asociation degree among different methods. The results of % body fat obtained through three anthropometric equations presented a good agreement but they are not interchangeable. That consistency model is similar for two analyzed populations (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Anthropometry/methods , Reference Values , Venezuela , Spain
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