Hexachlorocyclohexane chemical remediation of a contaminated site in Argentina.

This work describes the complete decontamination of three parcels of a dump site located in Lomas de Zamora county, Buenos Aires province (Argentina) heavily polluted with hexachorocyclohexane (HCH), where phytoremediation, successful in the surrounding areas, was ineffective. HCH contained in contaminated soil (10 g/kg average) was oxidized with sodium persulfate activated with citric acid chelated Fe(II). This chemical remediation process required treatment in situ in each parcel of approximately 10900 tons total of soil that were mechanically removed and initially mixed with 1750 tons of sodium persulfate. The mixture was then transferred to the excavation site, and 105 tons of ferrous sulfate and 35 tons of citric acid were finally added. The process, started in January 2011 and completed in February 2016, was very effective since chemical remediation average efficiency in the three parcels was higher than 99.99%. To the best of our knowledge this work is the first demonstration that persulfate oxidation activated with citric acid chelated Fe(II) can be successfully applied for field remediation of a relatively large area.

Osteoma de oído medio asintomático / Asymptomatic middle ear osteoma

Resumen El osteoma de oído medio es un tumor poco común, de crecimiento lento y características benignas. Frecuentemente cursa de forma asintomática y su diagnóstico suele ser casual como en el caso que exponemos. Se presenta el caso de un varón de 26 años, que consultó por odinofagia y otalgia derecha en el contexto de una infección de vía aérea alta. Al explorarlo mediante otoscopia se visualizó en el oído izquierdo una lesión blanquecina y redondeada retrotimpánica compatible con osteoma de oído medio. El tratamiento de elección en pacientes con osteomas de oído medio sintomáticos es la cirugía. Sin embargo, en pacientes asintomáticos el seguimiento es la opción más recomendada.

Abstract The middle ear osteoma is a benign, infrequent, slow-growing tumor. This lesion is frequently asymptomatic and its diagnosis is usually accidental, as the case presented here. We present a case of a 26-year-old man who consulted for odynophagia and right ear pain in the context of an upper airway infection. By otoscopy in the left ear, we observed a whitish retrotympanic lesion that was compatible with a middle ear osteoma. To manage symptomatic patients with middle ear osteomas, surgery is the treatment of first choice. Nevertheless, for asymptomatic patients, follow up is recommended.

Hexachlorocyclohexane phytoremediation using Eucalyptus dunnii of a contaminated site in Argentina.

In 1996, a diagnostic study performed in a 16-ha field located in Buenos Aires Province (Argentina), where a chemical industry produced 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) from 1960 to 1978, showed contamination with HCH ranging from 10 to 20,000 mg kg-1 dry soil (706.4 mg kg-1 average). For remediation purposes, a forestation plan was put into practice in 1997 employing approximately 12,300 Eucalyptus dunnii seedlings which by 2016 where fully grown into trees that formed a forest where local fauna can be found. Midterm analysis done in 2005, when E. dunnii trees had developed into 8-10 m high trees, indicated that HCH was incorporated into leaves and logs and soil phytoremediation was progressing. Final quantitation analysis of HCH in soil performed in 2016 demonstrated that the 97.2% of the field area was effectively decontaminated with 98.1% overall average efficiency. Thus, this work is the first global example of a successful employment of E. dunnii trees for HCH phytoremediation purposes at field scale. These results may encourage other researchers to test the ability of E. dunnii to phytoremediate soils contaminated with other chlorinated compounds like polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polychlorinated dibenzodioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs).

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal assemblages in biological crusts from a Neotropical savanna are not related to the dominant perennial Trachypogon.

Knowledge of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal assemblages in the Trachypogon savanna ecosystems is very important to a better understanding of the ecological processes mediated by this soil microbial group that affects multiple ecosystem functions. Considering the hypothesis that the biocrusts can be linked to vegetation through the arbuscular fungi mycelial network, the objectives proposed in this study were to determine (i) whether there are arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in the biocrusts (ii) whether arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal assemblages are linked to the Trachypogon patches, and (iii) whether the composition of the assemblages is related to soil properties affected by microbiological activity. The community structure of the AMF was investigated in three habitats: rhizospheric soil and roots of Trachypogon vestitus, biological soil crusts, and bare soil. The canonical correspondence analysis showed that two soil properties related to enzymatic activity (protease and ß-glucosidase) significantly affected the community composition of the AMF. The biocrusts in the Venezuelan savanna are colonized by an AM fungal community linked to that of the bare soil and significantly different from that hosted by the roots of the surrounding T. vestitus, suggesting that assemblages of AMF in biocrusts might be related more closely to those of annual plant species appearing in favorable conditions.

Abordaje endonasal endoscópico para neoplasias malignas de la base craneal / Endonasal endoscopic approach for malignant cranial base neoplasm

Introduction: Malignant cranial base neoplasm constitutes a heterogeneous group of lesions with common seat in this localization. In the last years endonasal endoscopic approach has been more used. Methods: It was carried out a descriptive retrospective study of the database of the Service of Neurosurgery of "Hermanos Ameijeiras" Hospital between September 2009 and September 2015 with the objective of determining the results of endoscopic treatment to these lesions. Results: They were treated a total of 12 patients with wicked lesions of the cranial base inside. Six of them corresponded to anterior cranial base: 5 carcinomas (2 indiferenciate carcinoma, 2 carcinomas of scamous cells and 1 adenocarcinoma) and a metastases of renal carcinoma. Other six corresponded to cordoma (3 patients) and hematopoyetic neoplasm (2 plasmocitomas and 1 linfoma). The age average was of 51,1 years with a masculine-feminine relationship of 1,1:1. Conclusions: Surgical resection according to oncological principles can be used with endoscopic technics that in fact are associate with less morbility, better vision, betercompartiments access, nasolacrimal system and medial canthal tendon, absence of facial scar, craniectomy and brain retraction.

Introducción: Las neoplasias malignas de la base craneal constituyen un grupo heterogéneo de lesiones con asiento común en esta localización. En los últimos años el abordaje endonasal endoscópico ha cobrado mayor auge. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo descriptivo de la base de datos del Servicio de Neurocirugía del Hospital "Hermanos Ameijeiras" durante el período comprendido entre septiembre de 2009 y septiembre de 2015 con el objetivo de determinar los resultados del tratamiento endonasal endoscópico a estas lesiones. Resultados: Fueron tratados un total de 12 pacientes con lesiones malignas de la base craneal, 6 de la base craneal anterior dentro de los cuales 5 correspondieron a carcinomas (2 carcinomas indiferenciados, 2 carcinomas de células escamosas y 1 adenocarcinoma) y una metástasis de carcinoma renal. De los 6 de fosa posterior 3 presentaron cordomas y 3 lesiones hematopoyéticas (2 plasmocitomas y 1 linfoma). El promedio de edad fue de 51,1 años con una relación masculino-femenino de 1,1:1. Conclusiones: La resección quirúrgica acorde a los principios oncológicos se puede realizar utilizando las técnicas endoscópicas que incluso se asocian a menor morbilidad, mayor visión, mejor acceso a determinados compartimentos, preservación del sistema nasolacrimal, del tendón cantal medial, ausencia de cicatriz facial, de craneotomía y de retracción cerebral.

Estudio de la anatomía de raíces y conductos radiculares en segundas molares permanentes mandibulares, mediante tomografía computadorizada de haz cónico en población peruana

El presente estudio descriptivo tuvo como objetivo evaluar la anatomía de raíces y conductos radiculares en segundas molares permanentes mandibulares, mediante tomografía computarizada de haz cónico, para lo cual se analizaron 400 tomografías. Los resultados mostraron mayor prevalencia de dos raíces y tres conductos en las piezas. En cuanto a la configuración de los conductos, se halló predominancia del Tipo II y Tipo I en la raíz mesial y distal, respectivamente. Por último, se encontró gran prevalencia de conductos en forma de C, y el tipo c3 fue el más hallado.

This descriptive study aimed to evaluate the anatomy of roots and root canals in mandibular second permanent molars by cone beam computed tomography. For which 400 CT were analyzed. The results showed higher prevalence of two roots and three canals in the pieces. Regarding to the configuration of the root canals predominance of Type II and Type I was found in the mesial and distal root respectively. Finally, high prevalence found of C-shaped canals, being the type found c3.

Plasmocitoma solitario de la base craneal: Reporte de tres pacientes / Solitary cranial base plasmocytoma: Three cases report

Plasmocytomas constitute a group of malignant neoplasm arise from clonal plasmatic cells being solitary extramedular form infrequent. Here we report three patients with solitary anterior and middle cranial base plasmocytoma. The importance of these tumors in differential diagnoses of cranial base lesions and the role of endoscopic endonasal biopsy before deciding definitive clinical approach was emphasized.

Los plasmocitomas constituyen neoplasias malignas de las células plasmáticas clónales. La forma extramedular solitaria en la base craneal es infrecuente. Se reportan tres pacientes con plasmocitoma solitario de la base craneal anterior y media. Se enfatiza en la importancia de esta afección en el diagnóstico diferencial de las lesiones de base de cráneo así como la biopsia endonasal endoscópica antes de decidir el tratamiento definitivo.

Lesiones etmoidales con extensión secundaria: estrategia quirúrgica y complicaciones / Ethmoidal lesions with secondary extension: surgical strategies and complications

Introduction: The removal of ethmoidal tumors with secondary extension to the cranial base and/or facial region involves a high complexity and it is associated to a high morbility. Objective: To determine the results of craniofacial surgery in patient with ethmoid extended tumors. Methods: It was carried out a traverse retrospective descriptive study. The sample was conformed by the patients intervened surgically of anterior cranial base lesions by means of a combined craneofacial surgery during the period: January of the 2009 to January of the 2012 in the National Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology with a 2 year pursuit. Descriptive statistical variables were used. Results: 20 patients were intervened. The age average was of 44,8 years. It prevail the masculine sex (65 percent). Nasal obstruction constitutes the most frequent presentation. Adenocarcinoma and epidermoid carcinoma constituted the most frequent malignant lesions. Inside the benign lesions prevail the invertedpapiloma. The techniques more employees were the bilateral frontal craneotomy and total etmoidectomy. The most frequent complication was the cerebrospinal fluid leak. The 2 years overall survival in patients with malignant lesions was 35 percent. Conclusions: A high number of complications was identified but they didn’t affect the survival neither the quality of life. An acceptable rate of survival was achieved in malignant lesions.

Introducción: La remoción de lesiones etmoidales con extensión secundaria a la base cranealy/o región facial, entraña una elevada complejidad y se encuentra asociada a una elevada morbilidad. Objetivo: Determinar los resultados de la cirugía combinada craneofacial en pacientes con neoplasias etmoidales extendidas. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo transversal. La muestra estuvo conformada por los pacientes intervenidos quirúrgicamente de lesiones de base craneal anterior mediante un abordaje combinado craneofacial durante el período: enero de 2009 a enero de 2012 en el Instituto Nacional de Oncología y Radiobiología con un seguimiento de 2 años. Se emplearon variables estadísticas descriptivas. Resultados: Fueron intervenidos 20 pacientes. El promedio de edad fue de 44,8 años. Predominó el sexo masculino (65 por ciento). La obstrucción nasal constituyó la presentación más frecuente. El adenocarcinoma y el carcinoma epidermoide constituyeron las lesiones malignas más frecuentes. Dentro de las lesiones benignas predominó el papiloma invertido. Las técnicas más empleadas fueron la craneotomía frontal bilateral y la etmoidectomía total. La complicación más frecuente fue la fístula de líquido cefalorraquídeo. La supervivencia global a los 2 años en los pacientes con lesiones malignas fue del 35 por ciento. Conclusiones: Se identificó un elevado número de complicaciones pero no afectaron la supervivencia ni la calidad de vida. Se logró una aceptable tasa de supervivencia en lesiones malignas.

Tratamiento multimodal del condrosarcoma mesenquimal del hueso temporal: reporte de un caso / Multimodal handling of mesenchymal chondrosarcoma in temporal bone: case report

Se presenta una paciente de 15 años de edad con el diagnóstico de condrosarcoma mesenquimal de hueso temporal derecho con infiltración del músculo temporal y de la duramadre de la fosa media, desplazamiento del lóbulo temporal sin infiltración de parénquima cerebral, diagnosticada en enero del 2010, la cual recibió tratamiento quirúrgico con resección total de la lesión mediante craneotomía temporal, radioterapia de intensidad modulada y quimioterapia como tratamiento coadyuvante.

A 15 year-old patient is present with the diagnostic of a mesenchymal chondrosarcoma of the temporal bone with infiltration of the temporal muscle and with to scroll up of the temporal lobe on January 2010. She had got a temporal craniotomy a radical insensitive modulate radiotherapy and chemotherapy as adjuvant treatment.

Comparison of single-reflection near-infrared and attenuated total reflection mid-infrared spectroscopies to identify and monitor hydrocarbons spilled in the marine environment.

The capability of single-reflection near-IR (NIR) spectroscopy to differentiate, characterize and monitor the fate of a set of hydrocarbons spilled in the marine environment was compared with that of multiple-reflection horizontal attenuated total reflection mid-IR (ATR-MIR) spectroscopy. Multivariate pattern recognition techniques [principal component analysis (PCA), multivariate polynomial regression, cluster analysis and potential curves] were applied to unravel the major trends of the weathering processes of four generic types of crude oils and two heavy fuel oils spilled under controlled conditions for almost 4 months. A chemical interpretation of the NIR spectra related the weathering processes and the PCA loadings, which had not already been done in the literature. Weathering for both light and heavy products was characterized by a contrast among the linear aliphatic structures (more volatile and easy to degrade) and the branched and aromatic structures (more recalcitrant). Potential curves were applied to model each product and determine objectively whether unknown samples could be classified correctly. Polynomial regression on the PCA scores was employed to evaluate the time elapsed from the oil spillage to its sampling; this represents a new approach to assess the age of a hydrocarbon lump. In general, NIR spectroscopy yielded good results when light crude oils were studied, whereas ATR-MIR spectroscopy led to satisfactory results for both light and heavy products.

Del sujeto que ha intentado suicidarse y el Otro: la Institución Psiquiátrica.

The psychiatric hospital has become a place where is possible to legitimate the exclusion and the radically of the other, "that one who is not equal", as it would be the case of the subject who attempts against his own life. Consequently, suicide attempt from the foucaultian perspective, is an act of resistance that dismantles the structure of domination through an act of power that the subject carries out over his own body. The intention of this paper is to show that the Other-other relationship is a place in the subjective structure, which is deposited upon the psychiatric institution representing the power and the law; those structures that the individual wants to resist against and to bring down with a suicide attempt. To show the way these facts are materialized, we present the testimonies of three adolescents treated in a psychiatric hospital because of suicidal attempts. They indicated the different meanings attributed to the psychiatric institution in terms that it represents one Other in his self-inflicted wound acts.

Proyecto de Atencion de Comunidades Indigenas con incidencia de Tuberculosis / Project of attention of indigenous communities with incident of tuberculosis

El informe consiste en la presentacion del resultado del relevamiento de datos, diseño del proyecto y elaboracion de presupuesto correspondiente

Dermatosis de consulta más frecuente en dermatología pediátrica / Most frequent dermatoses in pediatric dermatology consultation

El presente trabajo fue realizado en la Cátedra de Dermatología del Hospital de Clínicas con el objetivo de conocer cual es la dermatosis de consulta mas frecuente en Dermatología Pediátrica. Para el efecto fue diseñado un estudio observacional restrospectivo de corte transversal en el que se consideraron 2583 pacientes con edades comprendidas entre 0-15 años, en un periodo de tiempo entre los años 1998-2000, habiéndose observado que la dermatosis de consulta más frecuente en el grupo estudiado fuel el eczema con 704 pacientes (27,25pto), la escabiosis 338 pacientes(13,08pto). Conclusión: La dermatología pediátrica es una de las especialidades emergentes dentro de la pediatría y dermatología general. Así la consulta en dermatología pediátrica representa el 17,32pto de las consultas en dermatología. El motivo de consulta más frecuente lo constituye la dermatitis eccematosa. Existe un ligero predominio de las patologías dermatológicas en pediatría en el sexo femenino, con un ligero incremento por encima de los 13 años. También se pudo constatar que los pacientes acuden con mayores problemas dermatológicos durante el verano.

2-(4-Methoxyphenylazo)-4-phenylphenol

The crystal structure of the title compound, C(19)H(16)N(2)O(2), displays a trans configuration of the azo moiety, which forms an intramolecular O-H.N=N hydrogen bond. The H.N and O.N distances are 1.81 (3) and 2.581 (4) A, respectively. The azobenzene moiety is approximately planar, and has a dihedral angle of ca 23 degrees with the substituted phenyl group.

Síndrome de respuesta inflamatoria sistémica severa: ¿es comparable a la sepsis severa? / Systemic inflammatory response syndrome: is it similar to severe sepsis?

Background: in 1992, a consensus conference defined the terms systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), sepsis, severe sepsis and septic shock. Since then, numerous reports have validated the prognostic usefulness of these operative definitions. Aim: to evaluate if sepsis severity criteria, as defined by the Consensus Conference, can be applied to noninfectious SIRS. Patients and methods: five hundred eighteen patients admitted to 5 intensive care units (ICU) from 4 hospitals were prospectively evaluated during a 3 months period. Patients that met at least one severity criteria were included. SIRS etiology, organ dysfunction and evolution were recorded in each patient. Results: One hundred two patients were included: 79 with sepsis (group I) and 23 with noninfectious SIRS (group II). ICU and hospital mortality were comparable (43 and 48 percent in sepsis compared to 43 and 51 percent in non infectious SIRS). The most common sources of sepsis were pneumonia and peritonitis. Group II patients had a wide variety of diseases. ICU stay, APACHE score and number of organs with dysfunction were not different among groups. Only the incidence of renal dysfunction was higher in the septic group. Conclusions: The Consensus sepsis severity criteria can be applied to noninfectious SIRS, defining a population subset with similar high mortality and organ dysfunction incidence, although with greatly heterogeneous etiologies

[Restructuring and reorganization project in the public health area]. / Proyecto de reestructuración y reorganización en el área de Salud Pública.

The objective of this project is to produce substantial change as regards the reorganization, reconstruction and normalization of the hospital data to extra hospital data recording system from the Ministry of Health in the Province of Córdoba (Argentina). In order to incorporate socio-demographic factors in the various data forms so asa to produce efficiency upon the politic implemented. To achieve such aim, colwork on the different levels of execution, training the health team with respect to the identification of the population problems, and attempting to change of a demographic basis the current sanitary policies into policies of populations.

Cyclopiazonic acid and aflatoxins production byAspergillus flavus isolated from Argentinian corn.

Thirty-four isolates ofAspergillus flavus obtained from the main Argentinian corn production area were tested for their ability to produce both cyclopiazonic acid (CPA) on corn and on liquid media and aflatoxins on corn.Aflatoxins and CPA were quantified by comparison with standards. The last one was confirmed by mass spectrometry.All but one of the isolates produced CPA on liquid medium in a range between 3120 to 62500 µg/kg, 27/34 isolates produced CPA on corn at levels ranging from 833 to 10000 µg/kg and 5/34 isolates produced aflatoxin B1 in a range between 29 to 115 µg/kg. According to these findings, the percentage ofAspergillus flavus isolates with CPA production ability and their levels of CPA production were higher than the observed elsewhere.It was observed significant differences (p<0,01) between CPA production on corn (median: 1761 µg/Kg) and in liquid medium (median: 27950 µg/Kg). These data represent the first report of the co-production of CPA and aflatoxin B1 by isolates ofAspergillus flavus obtained from corn in Argentina.

[Implantation of definitive pacemakers: experience with 500 patients]. / Implantacion de marcapasos definitivos: nuestra experiencia en 500 pacientes.

Five hundred patients to whom definitive cardiac pacemakers were implanted from June, 1978 to June, 1992 were studied. A predominance of males and the age group of 61-80 years was observed. The most frequent reason for seeking medical care was syncope, and III grade atrioventricular block is the most frequent cause requiring this kind of treatment whose etiology was associated with the sclerodegenerative disease of the conduction system. The right cephalic vein was the most used via of approach; among the complications recorded only 2 resulted in death of the patient (perforation of the left ventricle and traumatic pneumotorax.)