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2.
An Med Interna ; 24(8): 379-83, 2007 Aug.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18020877

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To establish the characteristics of the deceased in intaked patients by heart failure. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study of the intaked patients in the Internal Medicine Service in the Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela between 1999 to 2003. The variables analized were: sex, age, days of hospital stay, number of intaked by failure cardiac, reason for admission (guide symptom), hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cardiac disease, fibrillation atrium, previous treatment with beta-blockers, blood pressure in the admission moment, to make echocardiography, disfunction systolic, etiology, deceased, treatment at the end. The statistical analysis was performed with cualitative and cuantitative measures, chi-cuadrado and t-student. RESULTS: 248 patients were accepted for the study, with the mortality rate rising 8.6% (21 patients). We did not observed differences between sexes, but the median age in death patients was greater than other patients. The median income was 5 days, letter than study population. The hypertension prevalence (30 vs. 42.6%, p = 0.27) and ischemic cardiopathy (30 vs. 27.7%, p = 0.82) did not showed differences with the population. The hypertension prevalence in women (16.7 vs. 35.7%, p = 0.21) and the ischemic cardiopathy prevalence in men (50 vs. 21.4%, p = 0.20) did not showed differences. It made echocardiography in 21.0% of death patients, p = 0.76. The systolic disfunction prevalence was bigger in death patients (80 vs. 41.3%), this difference was not significant statistically. CONCLUSIONS: The older patients showed letter survival. We did not observe any influence of sex or left ventricular systolic function on mortality in patients with heart failure.


Subject(s)
Heart Failure/mortality , Adult , Age Factors , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Chi-Square Distribution , Cross-Sectional Studies , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Female , Heart Failure/epidemiology , Humans , Hypertension/epidemiology , Length of Stay , Male , Middle Aged , Myocardial Ischemia/epidemiology , Prevalence , Sex Factors , Spain/epidemiology , Time Factors
3.
An Med Interna ; 24(7): 317-23, 2007 Jul.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18020887

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To know the arterial hypertension prevalencia and hypertension control in the patients income by heart failure. METHODS: A cross-sectional study of the intaked patients in the Internal Medicine Service in the Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela between 1999 to 2003. The variables analysed were: sex, age, days of hospital stay, number of intaked by failure cardiac, reason for admission (guide symptom), hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cardiac disease, fibrillation atrium, previous treatment with beta-blockers, blood pressure in the admission moment, to make echocardiography, disfunction systolic, etiology, deceased, treatment at the end. The statistical analysis was performed with qualitative and quantitative measures, chi-cuadrado and t-student, and multivariant analyses. RESULTS: 248 patients were accepted for the study, and 100 were hypertensive patients (41.8%). We observed more women than men in hypertensive group (63.0%) and in non hypertensive group (51.1%). The median age was 77 years old in both groups. The median income was 11 days. The number of patients with diabetes mellitus and ischemic cardiopathy was bigger in hypertension group (43.0 vs. 22.3%), p < 0.001; (38 vs. 21.6%), p = 0.005. The most frequent symptom was the dyspnea (66,9%), in both groups, p = 0.62. The 62.6% of the patients were bad control of blood pressures. The prevalence of bad control in hypertensive patients was bigger tha non-hypertensive patients (76.9 vs. 59.4%, p = 0.01). The pharmacologic treatment more prescribed in hypertensive patients ECAI or AAR-II (62.6 vs. 26.8%, p < 0.001). And the diuretics wee more prescribed in non-hypertensive patients (91.1 vs. 81.1%, p = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus is associated with hypertension in the patients. The ECAI prescription was acceptable. The number of echocardiograms practiced to the patients is smaller that the number advised by international associations and smaller to the cardiologist registers. The beta-blockers is smaller too.


Subject(s)
Heart Failure/complications , Hypertension/epidemiology , Hypertension/prevention & control , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Hospital Departments , Humans , Hypertension/complications , Internal Medicine , Male , Middle Aged , Prevalence , Retrospective Studies
4.
An Med Interna ; 24(6): 267-72, 2007 Jun.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17907896

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To observe the epidemiologic characteristics of the patients intake during five years in a internal medicine department, with heart failure. METHODS: A cross-sectional study of the intake patients in the Internal Medicine Service in the Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela between 1999 to 2003. The variables analized were: sex, age, days of hospital stay, number of intake by failure cardiac, reason for admission (guide symptom), hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cardiac disease, fibrillation atrium, previous treatment with beta-blockers, blood pressure in the admission moment, to make echocardiography, disfunction systolic, etiology, deceased, treatment at the end. The statistical analysis was performed with qualitative and quantitative measures, chi-cuadrado and t-student, and multivariant analyses. RESULTS: 248 patients were accepted for the study. We observed more women than men (55.2%) and bigger median age (79 years old vs. 73 years old in men, p < 0.001). The mean income was 13.61 days and a median of 11 days. The 41,8% of the patients had hypertension, 30.9% diabetes mellitus and 81,9% had someone heart disease. The aetiologies of heart failure most frequent were ischemic cardiopathy (27.2%) and hypertension (24.2%). The most frequent symptom was the dyspnea (68.9%). It made echocardiography in 20.9% of patients and 45.1% showed systolic disfunction. The only factor related with this small percentage of echocardiographies was the incoming time. The most frequent etiology was respiratory infections (39.5%). The 8.6% of patients was deceased. The pharmacologic treatment more prescribed were the diuretics (86.9%) and transcutaneous nitrates (49.5%). It was indicated ECAI or AAR-II in the 86.9% of patients and beta-blockers in 0.9%. CONCLUSIONS: The number of echocardiograms practiced to the patients is smaller that the number advised by international associations and smaller to the cardiologist registers. The beta-blockers and ECAI use is smaller too.


Subject(s)
Heart Failure/epidemiology , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Cardiovascular Agents/therapeutic use , Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology , Comorbidity , Cross-Sectional Studies , Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiology , Echocardiography/statistics & numerical data , Female , Heart Failure/diagnosis , Heart Failure/drug therapy , Hospital Departments , Hospital Mortality , Hospitals, University/statistics & numerical data , Humans , Internal Medicine , Male , Respiratory Tract Infections/epidemiology , Retrospective Studies , Spain/epidemiology
5.
An. med. interna (Madr., 1983) ; 24(8): 379-383, ago. 2007. ilus, tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-057170

ABSTRACT

pacientes fallecidos entre los ingresados por insuficiencia cardiaca. Material y métodos: Estudio descriptivo transversal, retrospectivo, de pacientes ingresados en el Servicio de Medicina Interna del Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela a lo largo de 5 años (desde 1999 hasta 2003). Se registraron las variables: sexo, edad, días de ingreso, número de reingresos por insuficiencia cardíaca, motivo de ingreso, hipertensión arterial (HTA) previa, diabetes mellitus (DM) previa, cardiopatía previa, cardiopatía isquémica previa, fibrilación auricular (FA) previa, consumo de beta-bloqueantes previos al ingreso, cifras de presión arterial (PA) al ingreso, realización de ecocardiografía durante el ingreso, fracción de eyección (FE) según ecocardiograma, factor desencadenante, exitus, tratamiento domiciliario al alta. Para el análisis estadístico se emplearon los estadísticos descriptivos cuantitativos y cualitativos que correspondieran; para el análisis bivariante se emplearon chi-cuadrado y “t-student”. Resultados: Ingresaron 248 pacientes por insuficiencia cardiaca, de los cuales fallecieron un total de 21 pacientes (8,6%). No se observaron diferencias por sexo y la edad media fue superior entre los fallecidos. La mediana de ingreso fue de 5 días, menor que la presentada por la totalidad de la población estudiada, p < 0,001. La presencia de HTA (30,0 vs. 42,6%, p = 0,27) y cardiopatía isquémica (30,0% vs. 27,7%, p = 0,82) fue similar entre los fallecidos, en comparación con el resto de población. Tampoco se observó mayor HTA en mujeres (16,7 vs. 35,7%, respectivamente, p = 0,21) ni cardiopatía isquémica en varones (50,0 vs. 21,4%, p = 0,20). La realización de ecocardiogramas fue muy baja entre fallecidos (21,0%), muy similar a la del resto de la población (p = 0,76). Aunque se observó mayor prevalencia de depresión de la función sistólica (80 vs. 41,3%), esta diferencia no fue estadísticamente significativa (p = 0,09). Conclusiones: El único factor relacionado con la mortalidad es la edad avanzada de los pacientes. No podemos afirmar que ni sexo ni disfunción sistólica sean marcadores de riesgo de la mortalidad en los pacientes con insuficiencia cardiaca


Objectives: To establish the characteristics of the deceased in intaked patients by heart failure. Material and methods: A cross-sectional study of the intaked patients in the Internal Medicine Service in the Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela between 1999 to 2003. The variables analized were: sex, age, days of hospital stay, number of intaked by failure cardiac, reason for admission (guide symptom), hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cardiac disease, fibrillation atrium, previous treatment with beta-blockers, blood pressure in the admission moment, to make echocardiography, disfunction systolic, etiology, deceased, treatment at the end. The statistical analysis was performed with cualitative and cuantitative measures, chi-cuadrado and t-student. Results: 248 patients were accepted for the study, with the mortality rate rising 8.6% (21 patients). We did not observed differences between sexes, but the median age in death patients was greater than other patients. The median income was 5 days, letter than study population. The hypertension prevalence (30 vs. 42.6%, p = 0.27) and ischemic cardiopathy (30 vs. 27.7%, p = 0.82) did not showed differences with the population. The hypertension prevalence in women (16.7 vs. 35.7%, p = 0.21) and the ischemic cardiopathy prevalence in men (50 vs. 21.4%, p = 0.20) did not showed differences. It made echocardiography in 21.0% of death patients, p = 0.76. The systolic disfunction prevalence was bigger in death patients (80 vs. 41.3%), this difference was not significant statistically. Conclusions: The older patients showed letter survival. We did not observe any influence of sex or left ventricular systolic function on mortality in patients with heart failure


Subject(s)
Male , Female , Middle Aged , Humans , Heart Failure/epidemiology , Heart Failure/diagnosis , Hypertension/complications , Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Myocardial Ischemia/epidemiology , Ventricular Fibrillation/complications , Ventricular Fibrillation/epidemiology , Indicators of Morbidity and Mortality , Retrospective Studies , Hypertension/epidemiology
6.
An. med. interna (Madr., 1983) ; 24(7): 317-323, jul. 2007. ilus, tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-057076

ABSTRACT

La arterial entre los pacientes con insuficiencia cardiaca. Material y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo transversal, retrospectivo, de pacientes ingresados en el Servicio de Medicina Interna del Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela a lo largo de 5 años (desde 1999 hasta 2003). Se registraron las variables: sexo, edad, días de ingreso, número de reingresos por insuficiencia cardíaca, motivo de ingreso, hipertensión arterial (HTA) previa, diabetes mellitus (DM) previa, cardiopatía previa, cardiopatía isquémica previa, fibrilación auricular (FA) previa, consumo de beta-bloqueantes previos al ingreso, cifras de presión arterial (PA) al ingreso, realización de ecocardiografía durante el ingreso, fracción de eyección (FE) según ecocardiograma, factor desencadenante, exitus, tratamiento domiciliario al alta. Para el análisis estadístico se emplearon los estadísticos descriptivos cuantitativos y cualitativos que correspondieran; para el análisis bivariante se emplearon chi-cuadrado y “t-student”. Resultados: Se incluyeron un total de 248, de los cuales 100 (41,8%) eran hipertensos. Se observó un predominio de mujeres en el grupo de hipertensos (63,0%), similar a los no hipertensos (51,1%), p = 0,06. La mediana de edad entre hipertensos fue de 77 años (rango intercuartílico de 10 años) similar a los no hipertensos (mediana de 77 años y rango intercuartílico de 14 años), p = 0,64. La mediana de tiempo de ingreso fue de 11 días entre hipertensos (10 días, rango intercuartílico 8,5 días) y no hipertensos (11 días, rango intercuartílico 9 días). El análisis de los antecedentes personales mostró que el número de diabéticos y de pacientes con cardiopatía isquémica era claramente superior en el grupo de hipertensos (43,0 vs. 22,3%), p < 0,001; (38,0 vs. 21,6%), p = 0,005; respectivamente. El síntoma que originó el ingreso con más frecuencia fue la disnea en hipertensos (73,0%) y no hipertensos (66,9%), p = 0,62. En el momento del ingreso el 62,6% de la población estudiada presentaba cifras anormalmente elevadas de presión arterial (PA). En el caso de los hipertensos, esta prevalencia alcanza el 76,9%, permaneciendo en 59,4% en no hipertensos, p = 0,01. La media de presión arterial sistólica (PAS) y presión arterial diastólica (PAD) fue superior en pacientes hipertensos, p < 0,01 en ambos casos. El número de ecocardiogramas realizados entre hipertensos y no hipertensos fue similar (16,3 vs. 24,8%), p = 0,12. Los pacientes con disfunción diastólica fue ligeramente superior en hipertensos, sin ser una diferencia estadísticamente significativa (62,5 vs. 50,5%), p = 0,41. Entre los tratamientos administrados se observó que se administraban más diuréticos en el grupo de pacientes no hipertensos (91,1% vs 81,1%, p=0,03). El grupo IECA/ARA-II fue significativamente más administrado en el grupo de hipertensos (62,6% vs 26,8%, p<0,001). Conclusiones: Se observa una elevada comorbilidad entre diabetes mellitus e hipertensión. La realización de ecocardiogramas es muy baja en pacientes hipertensos y con insuficiencia cardiaca. El empleo de IECAS es consistente con los protocolos actuales. La prescripción de beta-bloqueantes sigue siendo muy baja respecto a las recomendaciones de las sociedades internacionales


Objectives: To know the arterial hypertension prevalencia and hypertension control in the patients income by heart failure. Methods: A cross-sectional study of the intaked patients in the Internal Medicine Service in the Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela between 1999 to 2003. The variables analized were: sex, age, days of hospital stay, number of intaked by failure cardiac, reason for admission (guide symptom), hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cardiac disease, fibrillation atrium, previous treatment with beta-blockers, blood pressure in the admission moment, to make echocardiography, disfunction systolic, etiology, deceased, treatment at the end. The statistical analysis was performed with cualitative and cuantitative measures, chicuadrado and t-student, and multivariant analyses. Results: 248 patients were accepted for the study, and 100 were hypertensive patients (41.8%). We observed more women than men in hypertensive group (63.0%) and in non hypertensive group (51.1%). The median age was 77 years old in both groups. The median income was 11 days. The number of patients with diabetes mellitus and ischemic cardiopathy was bigger in hypertension group (43.0 vs. 22.3%), p < 0.001; (38 vs. 21.6%), p = 0.005. The most frequent simptom was the dyspnea (66,9%), in both groups, p = 0.62. The 62.6% of the patients were bad control of blood pressures. The prevalence of bad control in hypertensive patients was bigger tha non-hypertensive patients (76.9 vs. 59.4%, p = 0.01). The pharmacologic treatment more prescribed in hypertensive patients ECAI or AAR-II (62.6 vs. 26.8%, p < 0.001). And the diuretics wee more prescribed in non-hypertensive patients (91.1 vs. 81.1%, p = 0.03). Conclusions: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus is associated with hypertension in the patients. The ECAI prescription was acceptable. The number of echocardiograms practiced to the patients is smaller that the number advised by international associations and smaller to the cardiologist registers. The beta-blockers is smaller too


Subject(s)
Male , Female , Humans , Hypertension/epidemiology , Heart Failure/drug therapy , Heart Failure/complications , Heart Failure/diagnosis , Comorbidity , Antihypertensive Agents/therapeutic use , Internal Medicine/organization & administration , Retrospective Studies , Echocardiography , Hypertension/drug therapy
9.
An Med Interna ; 24(2): 67-71, 2007 Feb.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17590091

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: To establish the characteristics of the deceased and the death causes. METHODOLOGY: Transversal study descriptive, with intake patients elder than 65 years old in an Internal Medicine Department. The variables analized were: age, sex, intake date, discharge date, days of hospital stay, chronic disease previous, admission cause, deceased, diagnoses. The statistical analysis was performed with measures of central tendency and of standard deviation, Chi-cuadrado, Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon and Kruskal-Wallis. RESULTS: During the revised year, there are 770 patients intaked in Internal Medicine Department and 128 exitus (16.6%). The global average death age was 78.3 +/- 1.3 years: 53.1% (0.44-0.62; p = 0.48) were men and 46.9% were women. The average death intake days was 13.3 +/- 1.7 days (p < 0.001), 3.9% died in less than forty-eight hours after hospitalization. The most frequent admission cause was: dyspnea (46.1%). The most frequent chronic diseases were: ischemic and hypertensive heart disease (18.8%) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The most frequent death cause was respiratory tract infection (43.8%). CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence cardiac and pulmonary disease prevalence is high, these diseases are the of the most frequent causes hospital mortality.


Subject(s)
Mortality/trends , Aged , Cause of Death , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Hospital Departments , Humans , Internal Medicine , Male , Seasons
11.
An. med. interna (Madr., 1983) ; 24(6): 267-272, jun. 2007. ilus, tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-056112

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: Evaluar las características epidemiológicas de los pacientes ingresados en un servicio de medicina interna por insuficiencia cardíaca descompensada a lo largo de 5 años Material y métodos: Estudio descriptivo transversal, retrospectivo, de pacientes ingresados en el Servicio de Medicina Interna del Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela a lo largo de 5 años (desde 1999 hasta 2003). Se registraron las variables: sexo, edad, días de ingreso, número de reingresos por insuficiencia cardíaca, motivo de ingreso, hipertensión arterial (HTA) previa, diabetes mellitus (DM) previa, cardiopatía previa, cardiopatía isquémica previa, fibrilación auricular (FA) previa, consumo de beta-bloqueantes previos al ingreso, cifras de presión arterial (PA) al ingreso, realización de ecocardiografía durante el ingreso, fracción de eyección (FE) según ecocardiograma, factor desencadenante, exitus, tratamiento domiciliario al alta. Para el análisis estadístico se emplearon los estadísticos descriptivos cuantitativos y cualitativos que correspondieran; para el análisis bivariante se emplearon chi-cuadrado y “t-student”; y se empleó el análisis multivariante para comprobar la influencia de determinados factores en la realización de ecocardiogramas a los pacientes ingresados. Resultados: Se incluyeron 248 pacientes. Se observó un predominio de sexo femenino (55,2%), y una mediana de edad de 77 años (rango intercuartílico de 13 años) esta fue superior en mujeres (79 años, vs 73 años en varones, p < 0,001). La estancia media fue de 13,61 días (12,2-15,0 días) y mediana de 11 días (rango intercuartílico de 9 días). El 41,8% de los pacientes eran hipertensos conocidos, 30,9% diabéticos y el 81,1% presentaban alguna cardiopatía. Las causas más frecuentes de insuficiencia cardiaca fueron la cardiopatía isquémica (27,2%) y la hipertensión (24,2%). El síntoma más frecuente que motivó el ingreso fue la disnea (68,9%). Se realizó ecocardiograma al 20,9% de los pacientes, de los que el 54,9% presentaban función sistólica conservada y el 45,1% descenso de la fracción de eyección. El único factor que se relacionó con el bajo porcentaje de realización de ecocardiogramas fue el tiempo de ingreso del paciente. La causa más frecuente de descompensación cardíaca fue la infección respiratoria (39,5%). Fallecieron el 8,6% de los pacientes ingresados. El tratamiento más prescrito para domicilio fueron los diuréticos (86,9%), seguido de nitratos transdérmicos (49,5%). Se administraron IECAS/ARA-II al 42,8% de los pacientes y beta-bloqueantes al 0,9%. Conclusiones: El número de ecocardiogramas realizados a los pacientes es muy inferior al aconsejado por las sociedades internacionales e inferior al de registros realizados por cardiólogos. El empleo de beta-bloqueantes e IECAs es inferior al aconsejado por las recomendaciones internacionales e inferior al realizado por cardiólogos en sus propias unidades


Objectives: To observe the epidemiologic caractheristics of the patients intaked during five years in a internal medicine department, with heart failure. Methods: A cross-sectional study of the intaked patients in the Internal Medicine Service in the Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela between 1999 to 2003. The variables analized were: sex, age, days of hospital stay, number of intaked by failure cardiac, reason for admission (guide symptom), hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cardiac disease, fibrillation atrium, previous treatment with beta-blockers, blood pressure in the admission moment, to make echocardiography, disfunction systolic, etiology, deceased, treatment at the end. The statistical analysis was performed with cualitative and cuantitative measures, chicuadrado and t-student, and multivariant analyses. Results: 248 patients were accepted for the study. We observed more women than men (55.2%) and bigger median age (79 years old vs. 73 years old in men, p < 0.001). The mean income was 13.61 days and a median of 11 days. The 41,8% of the patients had hypertension, 30.9% diabetes mellitus and 81,9% had someone heart disease. The aetiologies of heart failure most frequents were ischemic cardiopathy (27.2%) and hypertension (24.2%). The most frequent simptom was the dyspnea (68.9%). It made echocardiography in 20.9% of patients and 45.1% showed systolic disfuntion. The only factor related with this small percentage of echocardiographies was the incoming time. The most frequent etiology was respiratories infections (39.5%). The 8.6% of patients was decesed. The pharmacologic treatment more prescribed were the diuretics (86.9%) and transcutaneus nitrates (49.5%). It was indicated ECAI or AAR-II in the 86.9% of patients and beta-blockers in 0.9%. Conclusions: The number of echocardiograms practiced to the patients is smaller that the number advised by international associations and smaller to the cardiologist registers. The beta-blockers and ECAI use is smaller too


Subject(s)
Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Humans , Heart Diseases/epidemiology , Hospital Statistics , Heart Failure/epidemiology , Hospitals, Rural/statistics & numerical data , Socioeconomic Factors , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Hypertension/epidemiology , Age Factors
12.
An. med. interna (Madr., 1983) ; 24(2): 67-71, feb. 2007. ilus, tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-053945

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: Establecer las características de los fallecimientos y causas de muerte en población anciana. Material y métodos: Estudio descriptivo transversal, en el que se incluyeron pacientes mayores de 65 años ingresados en el año 2002 en un Servicio de Medicina Interna. Las variables analizadas fueron: edad, sexo, fecha de ingreso, fecha de alta, tiempo de estancia hospitalaria, patologías crónicas anteriormente diagnosticadas, motivo de ingreso hospitalario (síntoma guía por el que el paciente decide acudir al centro hospitalario), exitus intrahospitalario, diagnósticos clínicos al alta. En el análisis estadístico se emplearon índices estadísticos descriptivos de variables cualitativas y cuantitativas, Chi-cuadrado, Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon y Kruskal-Wallis. Resultados: Se recogieron datos correspondientes a 770 ingresos, de los que fallecieron 128, lo que representa un 16,6% de los ingresos. Se halló un predominio de sexo masculino (53,1%; 0,44-0,62; p = 0,48) y una edad media de 78,3 años ± 1,3 años (p < 0,001) (mediana de 79 años). La estancia media en el grupo de pacientes fallecidos fue de 13,3 días ± 1,7 días (p < 0,001) (mediana de 11,5 días). La muerte se produjo en las primeras 48 horas del ingreso en 5 pacientes (3,9%).El principal motivo de ingreso en los pacientes fallecidos fue la disnea (46,1%). Entre las patologías crónicas más prevalentes se encontraron: cardiopatía isquémico-hipertensiva (18,8%) y EPOC (14,8%). El diagnóstico más frecuente como causa de exitus fue la infección respiratoria (43,8%). Conclusiones: La prevalencia de patología crónica cardiovascular y pulmonar es elevada, además de ser las principales causas de mortalidad hospitalaria


Backgroud. To establish the characteristics of the deceased and the death causes. Methodology: Transversal study descriptive, with intake patients elder than 65 years old in an Internal Medicine Department. The variables analized were: age, sex, intake date, discharge date, days of hospital stay, chronic disease previous, admission cause, deceased, diagnoses. The statistical analysis was performed with measures of central tendency and of standard deviation, Chi-cuadrado, Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon and Kruskal-Wallis. Results: During the revised year, there are 770 patients intaked in Internal Medicine Department and 128 exitus (16.6%). The global average death age was 78.3 ± 1.3 years: 53.1% (0.44-0.62; p = 0.48) were men and 46.9% were women. The average death intake days was 13.3 ± 1.7 days (p < 0.001), 3.9% died in less than forty-eight hours after hospitalization. The most frequent admission cause was: dyspnea (46.1%). The most frequent chronic diseases were: ischemic and hypertensive heart disease (18.8%) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The most frequent death cause was respiratory tract infection (43.8%). Conclusions: The prevalence cardiac and pulmonary disease prevalence is high, these diseases are the of the most frequent causes hospital mortality


Subject(s)
Male , Female , Aged , Humans , Hospital Mortality , Cause of Death , Sex Distribution , Age Distribution , Length of Stay/statistics & numerical data , Cross-Sectional Studies , Chronic Disease/epidemiology
13.
An. med. interna (Madr., 1983) ; 23(12): 577-581, dic. 2006. ilus, tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-051771

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: Conocer la prevalencia de hipertensión arterial y de hipertensión sistólica aislada en los pacientes mayores de 65 años ingresados en un Servicio de Medicina Interna. Material y métodos: Estudio descriptivo trasversal, en el que se incluyeron los pacientes mayores de 65 años que ingresaron durante el año 2002 en el Servicio de Medicina Interna del Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela. Las variables recogidas fueron: sexo, edad, tiempo de ingreso, factores de riesgo cardiovascular, cifras de presión arterial (PA), cifras de glucemia, cifras de colesterolemia, patología cardiovascular coexistente, exitus intrahospitalario y tratamientos al alta. Se emplearon índices estadísticos descriptivos de variables cualitativas y cuantitativas, Chi-cuadrado, Mann-Withney-Wilcoxon y Regresión logística. Resultados: Se obtuvo una población de 770 pacientes. La prevalencia de hipertensión arterial (HTA) fue de 37,0% y la de hipertensión sistólica aislada (HSA) de 25,9%. La prevalencia de HSA es mayor en los pacientes con mal control de PA (67,5 vs. 8,9%), p < 0,01. El 78% de los pacientes hipertensos presentaron asociado al menos un factor de riesgo cardiovascular y el 60,9% presentaron asociada alguna patología cardiovascular. Se encontró en los pacientes hipertensos una mayor prevalencia de diabetes mellitus (66,7 vs. 58,8%), hipercolesterolemia (15,8 frente 5,5%) y de cardiopatía isquémica (21,7% frente 13,0%) que en los que tenían una HSA. Se administró tratamiento farmacológico en el 49,8% de los HTA y en el 61,8% de los HSA. No hubo diferencias entre los dos grupos en cuanto al uso de fármacos antihipertensivos, salvo en el grupo de diuréticos de asa (41,2 frente a 30,2%) e IECA (17,6 frente a 9,5%), que se emplearon más en los HSA. Conclusiones: Las prevalencias de HTA y de HSA son bajas para el grupo de población estudiado. La prevalencia de cardiopatía isquémica es superior en pacientes con HTA que HSA, y es la patología cardiovascular asociada a mayor mortalidad en hipertensos. El tratamiento farmacológico empleado en la HSA y en los pacientes con otras patologías concomitantes no se adecúan en general a las recomendaciones de los actuales consensos


Objetives: To know the arterial hypertension prevalence and isolated systolic hypertension in elderly patients intaked on internal medicine department. Material and methods: A cross-sectional study of elderly hypertensive patients intaked between 1 to January 2002 to 31 December 2002 in a Internal Medicine Service of the Hospital Clinico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela. The recorded variables were: sex, age, number of days in hospital, hospital exitus, cardiovascular risk factors, number of blood pressure, glucose, cholesterolemia, cardiovascular disease and treatments. It was used descriptive statistic rates of quantitative and qualitative variables, Mann-Withney-Wilcoxon and logistic regresion. Results: The study included 770 patients. The arterial hypertension (HTA) prevalence was 37% and the isolated systolic hypertension (ISH) prevalence were 25.9%. The ISH prevalence was greater in the patients with bad control of blood pressures (67.5 vs. 8.9%), p < 0.01. The 78% of patients with hypertension showed one or more risk cardiovascular factor and the 60.9% of these patients showed one or more cardiovascular disease. We found in patients with hypertension bigger prevalence of mellitus diabetes (66.7 vs. 58.8%), hypercholesterolemia (15.8 vs. 5.5%) and cardiac disease (21.7 vs. 13.0%) than in patients with HAS. It was ran farmacologic treatment in the 49.8% of the patients with high blood pressure and in the 61.8% of the patients with isolated systolic hypertension. The loop diuretics (41.2 vs. 30.2%) and ECAI (17.6 vs. 9.5%) were more used in isolated systolic hypertension. Conclusions: The hypertension and isolated systolic hypertension prevalences are small in the people studied. The prevalence of heart disease is bigger in patients with high blood pressure, and also it is the disease that caused more deaths in hypertensive patients. The pharmacological treatment used in hypertensive patients is not the most guarantied by the actually evidence


Subject(s)
Male , Female , Middle Aged , Humans , Hypertension/epidemiology , Internal Medicine/methods , Blood Pressure , Blood Pressure/physiology , Risk Factors , Hypercholesterolemia/drug therapy , Hypercholesterolemia/epidemiology , Myocardial Ischemia/diagnosis , Myocardial Ischemia/drug therapy , Myocardial Ischemia/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies
14.
An Med Interna ; 23(9): 411-5, 2006 Sep.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17096602

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To study the characteristics of the entered patients in an Internal Medicine department. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Descriptive and observational study with admissions elder than 65 years old in an Internal Medicine Department during the year 2002. The variables analyzed were: age, sex, intake date, discharge date, days of hospital stay, chronic disease previous, reason for admission (guide symptom), deceased and diagnosis at discharge. The statistical analysis was performed with measures of central tendency and of standard deviation, Chi-squared Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon. RESULTS: 770 patients were accepted for the study. The distribution in sex is similar, although the women show greater median age. The most frequent chronic disease was ischemic hypertensive heart disease (25.7%) and the 64.9% of the patients have some cardiovascular risk factor. The men show more cardiovascular risk factor and more chronic disease (p < 0.01). The most frequent was dyspnea (42.7%). The most frequent diagnosis was cardiac failure (20.6%). 16.6% of the patients died in the hospital, and the most frequent diagnosis was respiratory tract infection (49.5%). CONCLUSIONS: The most frequent pathologies are the cardiopulmonary chronic disease of developed countries. The primary and secondary prevention and an improvement of chronic cardiopulmonary disease would be an effective way of cost control in these disease.


Subject(s)
Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data , Internal Medicine/statistics & numerical data , Age Distribution , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Sex Distribution , Spain
15.
An Med Interna ; 23(8): 369-73, 2006 Aug.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17067242

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To investigate hypertension control in elderly patients. To identify the cardiovascular risk factors and cardiovascular diseases associated with poor control of hypertension. To evaluate the pharmacologic treatment needed for the good control of hypertension. To analyse the existence of date in the medical history to evaluate the cardiovascular risk. METHODS: A cross-sectional study of elderly hypertensive patients intaked between 1 to January 2002 to 31 December 2002 in a Internal Medicine Service. Blood pressure was measured in the standard manner. Blood pressure control was regarded as optimum if pressure averaged less than 140/90 mmHg or, in diabetics, less than 130/80 mmHg. RESULTS: The study included 484 hypertensive patients. In the hypertensive patients, both systolic and diastolic blood pressures were well controlled in 53.9% of patients, systolic blood pressure alone in 2,1% and diastolic blood pressure alone in 30.8%. The isolated systolic arterial hypertension prevalence is bigger in the group with poor control, p < 0.001. The 77% of hypertensive patients associated other cardiovascular risk factor, and the 69% associated any cardiovascular disease. The 64% of hypertensive patients needed pharmacologic treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Arterial blood pressure control was optimum in only one out of two hypertensive patients. Diabetes is the most influential variable in poor control. The diuretics are the active ingredients more used in the hypertension therapeutic.


Subject(s)
Antihypertensive Agents/therapeutic use , Hypertension/prevention & control , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Hospitalization , Humans , Internal Medicine , Male
16.
An. med. interna (Madr., 1983) ; 23(9): 411-415, sept. 2006. ilus, tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-051684

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: Estudiar las características clínico epidemiológicas de los pacientes ingresados en un servicio de Medicina Interna. Material y métodos: Estudio descriptivo trasversal, en el que se incluyeron los pacientes mayores de 65 años que fueron ingresados a lo largo del año 2002 en un Servicio de Medicina Interna. Las variables recogidas para cada paciente fueron: edad, sexo, tiempo de ingreso, patologías crónicas anteriormente diagnosticadas, factores de riesgo cardiovascular, motivo de ingreso hospitalario (síntoma guía por el que el paciente decide acudir al centro hospitalario), exitus intrahospitalario, diagnósticos clínicos al alta y tratamientos prescritos. Se emplearon índices estadísticos descriptivos de variables cualitativas y cuantitativas, Chi-cuadrado para variables cualitativas y Mann-Withney-Wilcoxon para variables cuantitativas. Resultados: Se incluyeron un total de 770 pacientes. La proporción entre sexos es similar, aunque las mujeres presentan mayor mediana de edad (p < 0,001). La patología más prevalente entre los antecedentes personales fue la Cardiopatía isquémico-hipertensiva (25,7%) y el 64,9% de los pacientes presentaron algún factor de riesgo cardiovascular. Los varones presentaban mayor número de factores de riesgo cardiovascular asociados y mayor número de patologías (p < 0,01 en ambos casos). La disnea fue el motivo de ingreso más frecuente (42,7%). El diagnóstico más frecuente fue la insuficiencia cardiaca (20,6%). Se produjo el fallecimiento en el 16,6% de los pacientes, como principal diagnóstico presentaron la infección respiratoria (49,5%). Conclusiones: La patología más prevalente y que causa más ingresos son las enfermedades crónicas de los países desarrollados. La prevención primaria y secundaria es la forma más eficaz de control de estas patologías


Objetives: To study the characteristics of the entered patients in an Internal Medicine department. Patients and Methods: Descriptive and observational study with the admissions elder than 65 years old in an Internal Medicine Department during the year 2002. The variables analized were: age, sex, intake date, discharge date, days of hospital stay, chronic disease previous, reason for admission (guide symptom), deceased and diagnosis at discharge. The statistical analysis was performed with measures of central tendency and of standard deviation, Chi-cuadrado, Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon. Results: 770 patients were accepted for the study. The distribution in sex is similar, although the women show bigger median age. The most frequent chronic disease was isquemic hipertensive heart disease (25.7%) and the 64.9% of the patients have someone cardiovascular risk factor. The men show more cardiovascular risk factor and more chronic disease (p < 0.01). The most frequent was the dyspnea (42.7%). The most frequent diagnosis was the cardiac failure (20.6%). The 16.6% of the patients died in the hospital, and the most frequent diagnosis was respiratory tract infection (49.5%). Conclusions: The most frequents pathologies are the cardiopulmonary chronic disease of developed countries. The primary and secondary prevention and an improvement of chronic cardiopulmonary disease would be an effective way of cost control in these disease


Subject(s)
Male , Female , Middle Aged , Humans , Internal Medicine/methods , Internal Medicine/organization & administration , Epidemiologic Studies , Uses of Epidemiology , Risk Factors , Myocardial Ischemia/complications , Indicators of Morbidity and Mortality , Cross-Sectional Studies , Cardiovascular Diseases/complications , Cardiovascular System
17.
An. med. interna (Madr., 1983) ; 23(8): 369-373, ago. 2006. ilus, tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-048187

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: Conocer el grado de control de la presión arterial (PA) en los pacientes hipertensos mayores de 65 años que ingresaron en un servicio de Medicina Interna a lo largo del año 2002. Identificar los factores de riesgo cardiovascular y las patologías cardiovasculares asociadas al mal control de la presión arterial. Valorar el tratamiento farmacológico necesario para un adecuado control de la hipertensión arterial. Analizar la existencia de datos suficientes en la historia clínica que permitan una adecuada valoración del riesgo cardiovascular. Material y métodos: Estudio descriptivo transversal, en el que se incluyeron los pacientes mayores de 65 años que fueron ingresados, a lo largo del año 2002, en el Servicio de Medicina Interna del Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela. La PA se midió siguiendo normas estandarizadas y se consideró que había un buen control si eran los valores <140/90 mmHg (en pacientes diabéticos < 130/80). Resultados: Se incluyeron 484 pacientes hipertensos, de los que el 53,9% presentaban buen control de presión arterial sistólica (PAS) y diastólica (PAD), el 2,1% sólo de PAS y el 30,8% sólo de PAD. El 77% de los hipertensos presentan asociado otro factor de riesgo cardiovascular, y el 69% asocian alguna patología cardiovascular. La probabilidad de presentar mal control de HTA en pacientes diabéticos es 1,45 veces mayor que en los no diabéticos. En el momento del alta, el 64% de los pacientes hipertensos precisaron tratamiento farmacológico para el control de la HTA. Conclusiones: Sólo la mitad de los pacientes hipertensos mayores de 65 años están correctamente controlados. La diabetes es la variable que más influye en el mal control de la PA. Los diuréticos son los fármacos más empleados para el control farmacológico de la HTA


Objectives: To investigate hypertension control in elderly patients. To identify the cardiovascular risk factors and cardiovascular diseases associated with poor control of hypertension. To evaluate the pharmacologic treatment needed for the good control of hypertension. To analyse the existence of date in the medical history to evaluate the cardiovascular risk. Methods: A coss-sectional study of elderly hypertensive patients intaked between 1 to January 2002 to 31 December 2002 in a Internal Medicine Service. Blood pressure was measured in the standard manner. Blood pressure control was regarded as optimum if pressure averaged less than 140/90 mmHg or, in diabetics, less than 130/80 mmHg. Results: The study included 484 hipertensive patients. In the hypertensive patients, both systolic and diastolic blood pressures were well controlled in 53.9% of patients, systolic blood pressure alone in 2,1% and diastolic blood pressure alone in 30.8%. The isolated systolic arterial hypertension prevalence is bigger in the group with poor control, p < 0.001. The 77% of hypertensive patients associated other cardiovascular risk factor, and the 69% associated any cardiovascular disease. The 64% of hypertensive patients needed pharmacologic treatment. Conclusions: Arterial blood pressure control was optimum in only one out of two hypertensive patients. Diabetes is the most influential variable in poor control. The diuretics are the active ingredients more used in the hypertension therapeutic


Subject(s)
Male , Female , Aged , Humans , Hypertension/drug therapy , Antihypertensive Agents/therapeutic use , Risk Adjustment/methods , Patient Compliance , Diuretics/therapeutic use , Blood Pressure Determination/statistics & numerical data
20.
An Med Interna ; 23(1): 28-30, 2006 Jan.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16542119

ABSTRACT

Sphenoidal sinusitis is an uncommon pathology potentially dangerous condition, that we can find in young population. Clinically it is very difficult to diagnose because of its nonspecific symptoms, but cranial computer tomography confirms the diagnosis. The most cases were treated with antibiotics and recovered completely. We present a young man with isolated sphenoidal sinusitis who was managed in our medical centre, and a review of the literature.


Subject(s)
Sphenoid Sinusitis/diagnostic imaging , Adult , Humans , Male , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
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