Surgical impact of bilateral transient occlusion of uterine and utero-ovarian arteries during laparoscopic myomectomy.

The objective of this article is to compare the amount of intraoperative blood loss during laparoscopic myomectomy when performing bilateral transient clamping of the uterine and utero-ovarian arteries versus no intervention. It´s a randomized controlled prospective study carried out in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Ramón y Cajal University Hospital and HM Montepríncipe-Sanchinarro University Hospital, Madrid, Spain, in women with fibroid uterus undergoing laparoscopic myomectomy. Eighty women diagnosed with symptomatic fibroid uterus were randomly assigned to undergo laparoscopic myomectomy without additional intervention (Group A) or temporary clamping of bilateral uterine and utero-ovarian arteries prior to laparoscopic myomectomy (Group B). Estimated blood loss, operating time, length of hospital stay, and postoperative hemoglobin values were compared in both groups. The number of fibroids removed was similar in both groups (p = 0.77). Estimated blood loss was lower in the group of patients with prior occlusion of uterine arteries (p = 0.025) without increasing operating time (p = 0.17) nor length of stay (p = 0.17). No patient had either intra or postoperative complications. Only two patients (2.5%) required blood transfusion after surgery. We conclude that temporary clamping of bilateral uterine arteries prior to laparoscopic myomectomy is a safe intervention that reduces blood loss without increasing operative time.

Lymphovascular Space Invasion in Early-Stage Endometrial Cancer (LySEC): Patterns of Recurrence and Predictors. A Multicentre Retrospective Cohort Study of the Spain Gynecologic Oncology Group.

The main aim is to compare oncological outcomes and patterns of recurrence of patients with early-stage endometrioid endometrial cancer according to lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI) status. The secondary objective is to determine preoperative predictors of LVSI. We performed a multicenter retrospective cohort study. A total of 3546 women diagnosed with postoperative early-stage (FIGO I-II, 2009) endometrioid endometrial cancer were included. Co-primary endpoints were disease-free survival (DFS), overall survival (OS), and pattern of recurrence. Cox proportional hazard models were used for time-to-event analysis. Univariate and multivariate logistical regression models were employed. Positive LVSI was identified in 528 patients (14.6%) and was an independent prognostic factor for DFS (HR 1.8), OS (HR 2.1) and distant recurrences (HR 2.37). Distant recurrences were more frequent in patients with positive LVSI (78.2% vs. 61.3%, p < 0.01). Deep myometrial invasion (OR 3.04), high-grade tumors (OR 2.54), cervical stroma invasion (OR 2.01), and tumor diameter ≥ 2 cm (OR 2.03) were independent predictors of LVSI. In conclusion, in these patients, LVSI is an independent risk factor for shorter DFS and OS, and distant recurrence, but not for local recurrence. Deep myometrial invasion, cervical stroma invasion, high-grade tumors, and a tumor diameter ≥ 2 cm are independent predictors of LVSI.

Reproducibility of first trimester three-dimensional placental measurements.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess intra and interobserver reproducibility of placental volume and vascularization during the first trimester of pregnancy studied by three dimensional ultrasonography and angio power Doppler. STUDY DESIGN: This is a prospective study in 69 singleton pregnancies. Once the bi-dimensional protocol study was carried out, we performed a 3D-US (three-dimensional ultrasonography) of the placenta by abdominal ultrasonography. The Virtual Organ Computer-Aided Analysis program was used to evaluate the placental volume (PV), the placental quotient (PQ: placental volume/crown-rump length) and the vascular indices (vascularization index VI, flow index FI and vascularization-flow index VFI). The intraobserver and interobserver variability were respectively expressed as an intraclass correlation coefficient (Intra-CC) and interclass correlation coefficient (inter-CC). RESULTS: Intraobserver correlation for PV was excellent with an Intra-CC of 0.97 while an Inter-CC of 0.71 demonstrated less agreement between observers. In the same way, PQ showed better intraobserver than interobserver correlation, with an Intra-CC of 0.97 and an inter-CC of 0.67. The analyzed vascular indices had both excellent intraobserver and interobserver correlation coefficients, with values of 0.98 and 0.96 for VI, 0.93 and 0.89 for FI and 0.97 and 0.95 for VFI, respectively. CONCLUSION: Our study demonstrate an excellent intra and inter-observer reproducibility for vascular indices and a good reproducibility of the evaluated Doppler indices with intra-CC higher than 0.90. PV and PQ were also reproducible most of all within the same observer. As a conclusion, first trimester tridimensional sonography is a reproducible tool for the systematic study of placental vascularization.

Cirugía citorreductora en cáncer epitelial de ovario en estadios avanzados / Cytoreductive surgery in advanced epithelial ovarian cancer

Objetivos: analizar los resultados quirúrgicos de citorreducción primaria y de intervalo en cáncer de ovario avanzado en el Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda. Material y métodos: las pacientes incluidas en el estudio fueron mujeres tratadas en nuestro centro de carcinoma epitelial de ovario en estadios III-IV entre 2009 y 2014. Resultados: un total de 39 pacientes fueron incluidas en el estudio. En el 41,03% de los casos se realizó cirugía de citorreducción primaria y en el 58,97% cirugía de intervalo. Se encontró afectación del espacio retrohepático en el 20,5% de los casos. La citorreducción completa se pudo realizar en el 82,1% de los casos. Conclusiones: en nuestro centro conseguimos cirugía de citorreducción completa en un alto porcentaje de casos debido a la colaboración de un equipo multidisciplinar, integrado por ginecólogos y cirujanos generales, capaces de abordar la enfermedad visible, tanto en el hemiabdomen inferior como en el superior (AU)

Objective: To analyze surgical results in primary and interval cytoreductive surgery in advanced ovarian cancer in the Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda University Hospital (Madrid, Spain). Material and methods: We included women with stage III-IV epithelial ovarian cancer who underwent surgery in our centre between 2009 and 2014. Results: A total of 39 patients were included in this study. Of these, 41.03% underwent primary cytoreductive surgery and 58.97% underwent interval surgery. We found retrohepatic evidence of tumour in 20.5% of the patients. Complete cytoreductive surgery was feasible in 82.1%. Conclusions: In our centre, a high percentage of complete cytoreductive surgery was achieved due to the cooperation of a multidisciplinary team composed of gynaecologists and gastrointestinal surgeons, able to deal with visible disease, in both the lower and upper abdomen (AU)

Leishmaniasis visceral como diagnóstico de fiebre puerperal de origen desconocido / Visceral leishmaniasis as a diagnosis of puerperal fever of unknown origin

La leishmaniasis visceral o kala-azar es una zoonosis que, aunque poco frecuente, es endémica en nuestro medio, y cuya incidencia ha experimentado un aumento notable. La gravedad del pronóstico sin tratamiento hace que deba considerarse como diagnóstico en pacientes con fiebre de origen desconocido, pancitopenia y refractario a los tratamientos antibióticos empíricos habituales. El presente caso es de relevancia por la manifestación brusca de la infección, con un cuadro grave, en el puerperio precoz, en una paciente sin factores de riesgo para su contagio y sin haber presentado síntomas durante la gestación. El diagnóstico es fundamentalmente clínico y el tratamiento ha de instaurarse lo antes posible, ya que la confirmación mediante pruebas diagnósticas suele demorarse demasiado (AU)

Visceral leishmaniasis, or kala-azar, is a zoonosis that, although rare, is endemic in Spain and its incidence has increased significantly. Because this disease has a poor prognosis without treatment, it is important to consider it as a possible diagnosis in patients with fever of unknown origin and pancytopenia refractory to routine empiric antibiotics. The interest of the present case lies in its abrupt onset, seriousness, and occurrence in the immediate postpartum period in a patient with no risk factors for infection and no symptoms during pregnancy. Diagnosis is mainly based on symptoms, and treatment should be started as soon as possible, because a laboratory-confirmed diagnosis is usually takes too long to provide a positive outcome (AU)