Lophine derivatives as activators in peroxyoxalate chemiluminescence.

Lophine and four of its derivatives were used as activators (ACTs) of the chemiluminescent peroxyoxalate (PO) reaction of bis(2,4,6-trichlorophenyl)oxalate with H2O2, catalysed by imidazole. Kinetic emission assays have shown that with the tested compounds the reaction mechanism, regarding the formation of the high energy intermediate (HEI) of the PO reaction, occurs as previously seen for commonly used ACTs. A bimolecular interaction of the compounds with the HEI leads to chemiexcitation through the chemically initiated electron exchange luminescence (CIEEL) mechanism, as confirmed by a linear free-energy correlation between the relative catalytic rate constants and the oxidation potentials of the compounds. The yields of excited state formation and light emission, in the range of 10(-2)-10(-3) E mol(-1), are comparable to the ones seen with commonly used ACTs. A Hammett plot with ρ = -0.90 indicates the buildup of a partial positive charge on the transition step of the catalytic process, consistent with the formation of a radical cation of the ACT, being an additional validation of the CIEEL mechanism in this system.

Protein restriction does not impair adaptations induced in cardiomyocytes by exercise in rats.

The effect of a treadmill running program on physical performance and morphofunctional adaptations was investigated in control and malnourished rats. Male 4-week old Wistar rats were randomized in groups of 12 animals: control trained (CT), control sedentary (CS), malnourished trained (MT) and malnourished sedentary (MS). Control and malnourished animals received chow with 12% protein or 6% protein, respectively. Trained groups were subjected to a treadmill running program for 8 weeks. Physical performance, biochemical parameters, cardiomyocytes morphology and biomechanics were determined. Malnourished animals presented reduction in body mass, serum levels of total protein, albumin and hemoglobin compared to the control groups. At 1 and 3 Hz cardiomyocytes from CT and MT showed higher cell shortening, speed of contraction and relaxation compared to the other groups. At 3 Hz cardiomyocytes from MS showed reduction in cell shortening and speed of contraction compared to CS. Protein restriction does not prevent the improvement in physical performance or cardiomyocytes biomechanical efficiency and growth in response to exercise. These findings could represent a modulatory effect of exercise to maintain cardiomyocyte growth at the expense of reducing the rate of body growth in order to ensure proper cellular function in conditions of cardiovascular overload imposed by exercise.

[Alejandro Korn, psychiatrist and philosopher]. / Alejandro Korn, psiquiatra y filósofo.

Alejandro Korn is a clear example of a man whose life evidences to be firmly coherent between thinking and action. He was a physician, a psychiatrist, and a philosopher, a first-line actor in various decisive events affecting his country, Argentina.

Alejandro Korn, psiquiatra y filósofo. / [Alejandro Korn, psychiatrist and philosopher]

Alejandro Korn is a clear example of a man whose life evidences to be firmly coherent between thinking and action. He was a physician, a psychiatrist, and a philosopher, a first-line actor in various decisive events affecting his country, Argentina.

[Work psychopathology]. / Psicopatología del trabajo.

Work psychopathology concept is outlined, restricted, however, to different disorders and conflicts whose actual cause is to be found in the intrinsic mechanism of work-related activity. Environment- and life condition-related causes are disregarded. Nervous fatigue neurasthenoid syndrome is understood as a result of a dephasing between CNS neurophysiological timing and work rhythms. The author stresses that taking productivity as a parameter for nervous fatigue measurement--which substituted for the former muscular fatigue criterion in industry--is quite erroneous an opinion. Ergonomy is to be developed: Ergonomy is an interdisciplinary science which studies concordance between Man's physical and psychophysiological possibilities and properties, and possibilities and properties of contemporary work technical systems and their functioning conditions as well.

Psicopatología del trabajo. / [Work psychopathology]

Work psychopathology concept is outlined, restricted, however, to different disorders and conflicts whose actual cause is to be found in the intrinsic mechanism of work-related activity. Environment- and life condition-related causes are disregarded. Nervous fatigue neurasthenoid syndrome is understood as a result of a dephasing between CNS neurophysiological timing and work rhythms. The author stresses that taking productivity as a parameter for nervous fatigue measurement--which substituted for the former muscular fatigue criterion in industry--is quite erroneous an opinion. Ergonomy is to be developed: Ergonomy is an interdisciplinary science which studies concordance between Mans physical and psychophysiological possibilities and properties, and possibilities and properties of contemporary work technical systems and their functioning conditions as well.

[Psychodramatic experiences with psychotic patients]. / Experiencias en psicodrama con pacientes psicóticas

This paper describes an experience carried out at Braulio Moyano Psychiatric Hospital between 1972 and 1976. Two psychodramatic groups were formed. One, according with Moreno's theories; the other, following the doctrines of the "Grupo Experimental Psicodramático Latino-americano". The experience proved to be fruitful. Psychodrama allows, by means of the use of "intermediate objects" the patient to discriminate several entities: reality from dramatization, dramatic spaces from real spaces, inner world from outer world. As soon as the patient is in position to discriminate the images and fantasies that pervade his inner world leading it to chaos, he becomes able to interrelate with other people and to include himself into the real world. Several examples are given of particular cases and the effects of psychodramatic techniques on them, within the limitations of a psychiatric institution. The results show the possibility to lessen psychotic segregation and to improve the possibilities to establish relationships with the outer world.

Experiencias en psicodrama con pacientes psicóticas / [Psychodramatic experiences with psychotic patients]

This paper describes an experience carried out at Braulio Moyano Psychiatric Hospital between 1972 and 1976. Two psychodramatic groups were formed. One, according with Moreno’s theories; the other, following the doctrines of the [quot ]Grupo Experimental Psicodramático Latino-americano[quot ]. The experience proved to be fruitful. Psychodrama allows, by means of the use of [quot ]intermediate objects[quot ] the patient to discriminate several entities: reality from dramatization, dramatic spaces from real spaces, inner world from outer world. As soon as the patient is in position to discriminate the images and fantasies that pervade his inner world leading it to chaos, he becomes able to interrelate with other people and to include himself into the real world. Several examples are given of particular cases and the effects of psychodramatic techniques on them, within the limitations of a psychiatric institution. The results show the possibility to lessen psychotic segregation and to improve the possibilities to establish relationships with the outer world.

Experiencias en psicodrama con pacientes psicóticas / [Psychodramatic experiences with psychotic patients]

This paper describes an experience carried out at Braulio Moyano Psychiatric Hospital between 1972 and 1976. Two psychodramatic groups were formed. One, according with Morenos theories; the other, following the doctrines of the [quot ]Grupo Experimental Psicodramático Latino-americano[quot ]. The experience proved to be fruitful. Psychodrama allows, by means of the use of [quot ]intermediate objects[quot ] the patient to discriminate several entities: reality from dramatization, dramatic spaces from real spaces, inner world from outer world. As soon as the patient is in position to discriminate the images and fantasies that pervade his inner world leading it to chaos, he becomes able to interrelate with other people and to include himself into the real world. Several examples are given of particular cases and the effects of psychodramatic techniques on them, within the limitations of a psychiatric institution. The results show the possibility to lessen psychotic segregation and to improve the possibilities to establish relationships with the outer world.

[Therapy of psychoses in a hospital community]. / Terapéutica de la psicosis en comunidad hospitalaria

This study at one Pavilion of Braulio Moyano Hospital allowed an evaluation of the therapeutic community method, applied in a very elastic way due to circumstances like: precarious physical commodities of the pavilion; a typical shortage of everything which became a characteristic of our hospital system; the kind of patients with long evolution psychosis; all this added to the compulsory seclusion of most of them with no friends or relatives relationship established. The pavilion's number of patients is around 110. Statistically, our patients are 67,8% older than 50, with an average age of 56,1 years. Only 19% go out of the hospital with relatives, and 34,8% of them have contact with their families once a week or every 15 days. The most common pathologies are: schizophrenia 54 patients; paraphrenia 20; feeble minded 13; and 9 with reiterative acute polymorphic delusions. Under treatment with neuroleptic drugs we have 94 patients, that is 86%. In occupational rehabilitation they are concerned with monthly luncheon, play entertainment games, go to movies, beauty parlors, ceramics, sewing activities, learning to read and write, and some parties in relevant national dates, all this at the hospital premises. In spite of all these negative facts, we can state that during the period the present study took place, 66% of all the patients released from hospital had been interned less than a year. Besides, between July 1973 and July 1974, 53 patients were released, a figure that shows relevant results for the kind of hospital we are dealing with.

Terapéutica de la psicosis en comunidad hospitalaria / [Therapy of psychoses in a hospital community]

This study at one Pavilion of Braulio Moyano Hospital allowed an evaluation of the therapeutic community method, applied in a very elastic way due to circumstances like: precarious physical commodities of the pavilion; a typical shortage of everything which became a characteristic of our hospital system; the kind of patients with long evolution psychosis; all this added to the compulsory seclusion of most of them with no friends or relatives relationship established. The pavilion’s number of patients is around 110. Statistically, our patients are 67,8

older than 50, with an average age of 56,1 years. Only 19

go out of the hospital with relatives, and 34,8

of them have contact with their families once a week or every 15 days. The most common pathologies are: schizophrenia 54 patients; paraphrenia 20; feeble minded 13; and 9 with reiterative acute polymorphic delusions. Under treatment with neuroleptic drugs we have 94 patients, that is 86

. In occupational rehabilitation they are concerned with monthly luncheon, play entertainment games, go to movies, beauty parlors, ceramics, sewing activities, learning to read and write, and some parties in relevant national dates, all this at the hospital premises. In spite of all these negative facts, we can state that during the period the present study took place, 66

of all the patients released from hospital had been interned less than a year. Besides, between July 1973 and July 1974, 53 patients were released, a figure that shows relevant results for the kind of hospital we are dealing with.

Terapéutica de la psicosis en comunidad hospitalaria / [Therapy of psychoses in a hospital community]

This study at one Pavilion of Braulio Moyano Hospital allowed an evaluation of the therapeutic community method, applied in a very elastic way due to circumstances like: precarious physical commodities of the pavilion; a typical shortage of everything which became a characteristic of our hospital system; the kind of patients with long evolution psychosis; all this added to the compulsory seclusion of most of them with no friends or relatives relationship established. The pavilions number of patients is around 110. Statistically, our patients are 67,8

older than 50, with an average age of 56,1 years. Only 19

go out of the hospital with relatives, and 34,8

of them have contact with their families once a week or every 15 days. The most common pathologies are: schizophrenia 54 patients; paraphrenia 20; feeble minded 13; and 9 with reiterative acute polymorphic delusions. Under treatment with neuroleptic drugs we have 94 patients, that is 86

. In occupational rehabilitation they are concerned with monthly luncheon, play entertainment games, go to movies, beauty parlors, ceramics, sewing activities, learning to read and write, and some parties in relevant national dates, all this at the hospital premises. In spite of all these negative facts, we can state that during the period the present study took place, 66

of all the patients released from hospital had been interned less than a year. Besides, between July 1973 and July 1974, 53 patients were released, a figure that shows relevant results for the kind of hospital we are dealing with.