ABSTRACT
Congenital anomalies of genital region frequently occur but congenital scrotal anomalies are not common and few cases have been reported in the literature. Among these reported anomalies the accessory scrotum is the lowest incidence principally when not associated with other congenital anomalies. The authors reports a case of accessory perineal scrotum without associated anomalies.
ABSTRACT
In 30 patients with hyperlipoproteinemia (19 type II and 11 type IV), the role of the intrinsic coagulation pathway was evaluated by assays of preK, Kl's, and Hageman factor (factor XII). Analysis of the plasma of type II patients suggested activation of the intrinsic pathway characterized by a 40% decrease in preK (p less than 0.01) and a 50% decrease Kl (p less than 0.01); in contrast, analysis of the plasma of type IV patients showed no activation of the intrinsic pathway. In type II patients C-1INH was present in normal concentrations as measured by immunochemical techniques. The findings of normal levels of C-1INH by immunoassay, in association with altered electrophoretic mobility, are suggestive of formation of a kallikrein-C-1INH complex in vivo.
Subject(s)
Hyperlipidemias/blood , Kallikreins/blood , Blood Coagulation , Cholesterol/blood , Complement C1 Inactivator Proteins , Complement C3 , Factor XII , Female , Humans , Kallikreins/antagonists & inhibitors , Lipoproteins, LDL/blood , Male , Prekallikrein/blood , Triglycerides/bloodABSTRACT
Thirteen asymptomatic women taking oral contraceptives (OCs) were compared with normal subjects. Platelet aggregation and serotonin (tagged with carbon 14) release with adenosine diphosphate, epinephrine, and collagen did not differ from controls. Activation of the intrinsic coagulation pathway was evaluated by measurements of factor XII, prekallikrein, and kallikrein inhibitors. Women taking OCs had normal factor XII levels, moderately elevated prekallikrein levels, and decreased kallikrein inhibitor levels, a pattern not consistent with activation of the intrinsic pathway. The concentration of heavy molecular weight fibrinogen derivatives (HMWFD) was significantly elevated (P less than .001). In contrast, fibrin and fibrinogen degradation products in serum were lower than normal (P less than .05). The increased HMWFD concentration may reflect activation of the coagulation system not mediated by factor XII activation nor potentiated by decreased antithrombin III. Thus, plasma coagulation abnormalities rather than platelet changes may be the factor that predisposes women taking OCs to thromboembolic disorders.
