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Int J Cancer ; 148(8): 1928-1937, 2021 04 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33152115

ABSTRACT

Survival of patients with relapsed/refractory osteosarcoma has not improved in the last 30 years. Several immunotherapeutic approaches have shown benefit in murine osteosarcoma models, including the anti-programmed death-1 (anti-PD-1) and anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (anti-CTLA-4) immune checkpoint inhibitors. Treatment with the T-cell growth factor interleukin-2 (IL-2) has shown some clinical benefit but has limitations due to poor tolerability. Therefore, we evaluated the efficacy of bempegaldesleukin (BEMPEG; NKTR-214), a first-in-class CD122-preferential IL-2 pathway agonist, alone and in combination with anti-PD-1 or anti-CTLA-4 immune checkpoint inhibitors in metastatic and orthotopic murine models of osteosarcoma. Treatment with BEMPEG delayed tumor growth and increased overall survival of mice with K7M2-WT osteosarcoma pulmonary metastases. BEMPEG also inhibited primary tumor growth and metastatic relapse in lungs and bone in the K7M3 orthotopic osteosarcoma mouse model. In addition, it enhanced therapeutic activity of anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1 checkpoint blockade in the DLM8 subcutaneous murine osteosarcoma model. Finally, BEMPEG strongly increased accumulation of intratumoral effector T cells and natural killer cells, but not T-regulatory cells, resulting in improved effector:inhibitory cell ratios. Collectively, these data in multiple murine models of osteosarcoma provide a path toward clinical evaluation of BEMPEG-based regimens in human osteosarcoma.


Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/pharmacology , Bone Neoplasms/drug therapy , Disease Models, Animal , Interleukin-2/analogs & derivatives , Osteosarcoma/drug therapy , Polyethylene Glycols/pharmacology , Animals , Bone Neoplasms/immunology , Bone Neoplasms/pathology , Cell Line, Tumor , Female , Humans , Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors/administration & dosage , Interleukin-2/administration & dosage , Interleukin-2/pharmacology , Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy , Lung Neoplasms/immunology , Lung Neoplasms/secondary , Mice, Inbred BALB C , Mice, Inbred C3H , Osteosarcoma/immunology , Osteosarcoma/pathology , Polyethylene Glycols/administration & dosage , Survival Analysis , T-Lymphocytes/drug effects , T-Lymphocytes/immunology , T-Lymphocytes/pathology , Treatment Outcome , Tumor Burden/drug effects , Tumor Burden/immunology
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