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1.
Rev. chil. pediatr ; 91(4): 553-560, ago. 2020. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1138670

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN: Las infecciones graves son la principal causa de ingreso a cuidados intensivos pediátricos. El panel FilmArray BCID permite identificar rápidamente a microorganismos causantes de bacteriemias. OBJETIVO: evaluar la eficacia de la identificación rápida de microorganismos asociado a un Programa de Uso Racional de Antibióticos (URA) en reducir los tiempos de terapias antibióticas, en un hospital pediátrico. PACIENTES Y MÉTODO: Estudio retrospectivo, que incluyó 100 pacientes, en su primer episo dio de bacteriemia, divididos en 2 grupos de 50 cada uno: Intervención (FilmArray BCID y programa URA) y Controles históricos pareados para la misma especie del microrganismo identificado (microbiología convencional). Las variables evaluadas fueron los tiempos de identificación microbiana, latencia de la terapia dirigida y de desescalar antibióticos. RESULTADOS: Los grupos fueron comparables en características demográficas, foco de infección y etiología de bacteriemia. El tiempo promedio de identificación de microorganismos fue de 23 h (IC 95% 12,4-26,7) en el grupo intervención, y 70,5 h (IC 95% 65,2-78,6) en el control (p < 0,05), mientras que la latencia de inicio de terapia dirigida fue de 27,9 h (IC 95% 22,3-32,8) y 71,9 h (IC 95% 63,2-77,8) respectivamente (p < 0,05). El tiempo de desescalar o suspender antibióticos fue de 6,4 h (IC 95% 2,76-9,49) y 22 h (IC 95% 6,74-35,6) en los grupos mencionados (p > 0,05). CONCLUSIÓN: El panel FilmArray BCID articulado a un programa URA, contribuye a la identificación de los microorganismos causantes de bacteriemias en menor tiempo que los métodos convencionales, siendo una herramienta que optimiza las terapias antibióti cas en niños críticamente enfermos.


INTRODUCTION: Severe infections are the leading cause of admission to pediatric intensive care. The FilmArray BCID panel quickly identifies microorganisms that cause bacteremia. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate if the rapid identification of the microorganisms that cause bacteremia, along with a Rational Use of Antibio tics (RUA) Program, allows optimizing the time of antibiotic therapy in a pediatric hospital. PATIENTS AND METHOD: Retrospective study which included 100 patients presenting their first episode of bacteremia, divided into 2 groups of 50 each. The first one was Intervention (FilmArray BCID and RUA program) and the second one was Historical Controls (conventional automated ID/AST). The variables evaluated were the time required for microbial identification, duration of appropriate therapy, and antibiotic de-escalation. RESULTS: The groups were comparable in terms of demographic characteristics, focus of infection, and etiology of bacteremia. The average time of microorganisms' identification of the control group was 70.5 hours (IC 95% 65.2-78.6) and 23.0 hours (IC 95% 12.4 -26.7) in the intervention one (p < 0.05). The average time of targeted therapy onset was shorter in the intervention group (27.9 h [IC 95% 22.3-32.8]) than that of the control one (71.9 h [IC 95% 63.2-77.8]) (p < 0.05). Finally, the time to de-escalate or discontinue antibiotics in the intervention group and the control one was 6.4 hours (IC 95% 2.76-9.49) hours and 22.0 hours (IC 95% 6.74-35.6 h) respectively (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: The FilmArray panel along with the RUA Program allows the identification of the microorganisms causing bacteremia faster than conventional methods, which positions it as a tool that optimizes antibiotic therapy of critical patients.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Intensive Care Units, Pediatric , Bacteremia/diagnosis , Bacteremia/drug therapy , Molecular Typing/methods , Blood Culture/methods , Antimicrobial Stewardship/methods , Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage , Time Factors , Drug Administration Schedule , Retrospective Studies , Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/diagnosis , Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/microbiology , Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/drug therapy , Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/diagnosis , Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/microbiology , Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/drug therapy , Bacteremia/microbiology , Hospitals, Pediatric , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use
2.
Rev Chil Pediatr ; 91(4): 553-560, 2020 Aug.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33399732

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Severe infections are the leading cause of admission to pediatric intensive care. The FilmArray BCID panel quickly identifies microorganisms that cause bacteremia. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate if the rapid identification of the microorganisms that cause bacteremia, along with a Rational Use of Antibio tics (RUA) Program, allows optimizing the time of antibiotic therapy in a pediatric hospital. Pa tients and Method: Retrospective study which included 100 patients presenting their first episode of bacteremia, divided into 2 groups of 50 each. The first one was Intervention (FilmArray BCID and RUA program) and the second one was Historical Controls (conventional automated ID/AST). The variables evaluated were the time required for microbial identification, duration of appropriate therapy, and antibiotic de-escalation. RESULTS: The groups were comparable in terms of demographic characteristics, focus of infection, and etiology of bacteremia. The average time of microorganisms' identification of the control group was 70.5 hours (IC 95% 65.2-78.6) and 23.0 hours (IC 95% 12.4 -26.7) in the intervention one (p < 0.05). The average time of targeted therapy onset was shorter in the intervention group (27.9 h [IC 95% 22.3-32.8]) than that of the control one (71.9 h [IC 95% 63.2-77.8]) (p < 0.05). Finally, the time to de-escalate or discontinue antibiotics in the intervention group and the control one was 6.4 hours (IC 95% 2.76-9.49) hours and 22.0 hours (IC 95% 6.74-35.6 h) respectively (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: The FilmArray panel along with the RUA Program allows the identification of the microorganisms causing bacteremia faster than conventional methods, which positions it as a tool that optimizes antibiotic therapy of critical patients.


Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage , Antimicrobial Stewardship/methods , Bacteremia/diagnosis , Bacteremia/drug therapy , Blood Culture/methods , Intensive Care Units, Pediatric , Molecular Typing/methods , Adolescent , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Bacteremia/microbiology , Child , Child, Preschool , Drug Administration Schedule , Female , Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/diagnosis , Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/drug therapy , Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/microbiology , Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/diagnosis , Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/drug therapy , Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/microbiology , Hospitals, Pediatric , Humans , Infant , Male , Retrospective Studies , Time Factors
3.
Univ. salud ; 21(1): 19-26, ene.-abr. 2019. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-986192

ABSTRACT

Resumen Introducción: El intento suicida es un problema de salud pública, las cifras aumentan a pesar de los programas preventivos, es necesario conocer su comportamiento en la población pediátrica y en la región. Objetivo: Caracterizar clínica y sociodemográficamente los menores de 18 años con intento suicida atendidos en el Hospital Infantil los Ángeles. Materiales y métodos: Estudio observacional, descriptivo de menores de 18 años con intento suicida (INSU) hospitalizados entre 2016 y 2017. Resultados: Se analizaron datos de 151 pacientes. Se encontró una prevalencia de 0,8 casos por mil ingresos. Falleció el 2% (3) luego de ingesta de Paraquat®. La edad promedio fue de 14,7 años, el 74% (112) fueron niñas. El 61,6% (58) de la población con intento suicida tenía un ambiente familiar disfuncional. Los problemas académicos y la depresión se presentaron con alta frecuencia. Dentro de los principales mecanismos de INSU se evidenciaron: Cutting, consumo de antidepresivos tricíclicos, acetaminofén y organofosforados. Conclusiones: La prevalencia de INSU crece aceleradamente con respecto a registros reportados en años anteriores en la misma institución; el hecho puede reflejar problemas en los programas de salud dirigidos a la promoción de la salud mental del adolescente.


Abstract Introduction: Suicide Attempt is a public health problem. Despite preventive programs, figures increase, so it is necessary to know its behavior in the pediatric population and in the region. Objective: To characterize clinically and socio-demographically children under 18 who presented suicidal intent and were attended at Los Angeles children's hospital. Materials and methods: An observational descriptive study was conducted with children under 18, who presented suicidal intent and were hospitalized between 2016 and 2017. Results: Data from 151 patients were analyzed. A prevalence of 0.8 cases per thousand incomes was found. 2% (3) died after Paraquat® intake. The average age was 14.7, 74% (112) were girls. 61.6% (58) of the population with suicidal intent had a dysfunctional family environment. Academic problems and depression were presented with high frequency. Cutting, tricyclic antidepressants consumption, acetaminophen and organophosphorus were found among the main mechanisms of suicidal intent. Conclusions: The prevalence of suicidal intent grows rapidly with respect to records reported in previous years in the same institution. This fact may reflect problems in health programs aimed at promoting adolescent mental health.


Subject(s)
Suicide, Attempted , Pediatrics , Prevalence , Mortality
4.
Article in Spanish | CUMED | ID: cum-73487

ABSTRACT

Introducción: El exceso de peso en la población infantil se presenta como consecuencia de una serie de determinantes sociales de la salud. Objetivo: Analizar la asociación entre los determinantes sociales de la salud y el exceso de peso en niños menores de seis años. Métodos: Estudio de casos (exceso de peso) y controles (normopeso) en niños menores de seis años atendidos por consulta externa en el Hospital Infantil los Ángeles 2013-2015. La muestra quedó conformada por 175 casos seleccionados por números aleatorios de una base de datos de la institución de salud y 175 controles. Resultados: Los niños menores de dos años tenían menor riesgo de exceso de peso (OR= 0,15 IC95 por ciento 0,092- 0,27), que los de dos a seis años. En los menores que permanecieron en casa aumentó el riesgo de padecer el evento en estudio (OR= 10,4 IC95 por ciento 4,11-26,5). En los niños que fueron alimentados simultáneamente con formula y leche materna durante los primeros seis meses de vida acrecentó el riesgo de exceso de peso (OR= 13,0 IC 95 por ciento 2,17-76,1). Conclusiones: Determinantes sociales de la salud, como la edad, la permanencia en casa y la alimentación combinada con formula y leche materna en los primeros seis meses de vida, son factores importantes que se asocian con el exceso de peso en menores de 6 años(AU)


Introduction: Overweight in children is a consequence of a series of social determinants of health. Objective: To analyze the relation between the social determinants of health and overweight in children. Methods: Cases study (overweight) and check-ups (normal weight) in children under six years old attended in the external consultations at Los Angeles Children's Hospital from 2013 to 2015. The sample consisted in 175 cases selected by random numbers from a database of the health institution and 175 check-ups. Results: Children under two years old had a lower risk of overweight (OR= 0.15 IC95 percent 0.092-0.27) than those in the ages from two to six years old. In the children who stayed at home increased the risk of suffering the event under study (OR= 10.4 IC95 percent 4.11-26.5). In children who were fed with formula and breast milk simultaneously during the first six months of life increased the risk of overweight (OR= 13.0 IC95 percent 2.17-76.1). These variables were associated with overweight. Conclusions: Social determinants of health, such as age, stay at home, and combined diet with formula and breast milk in the first six months of life are important factors associated with overweight in children under 6 years old(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Pediatric Obesity/etiology , Social Determinants of Health , Colombia
5.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-901562

ABSTRACT

Introducción: El exceso de peso en la población infantil se presenta como consecuencia de una serie de determinantes sociales de la salud. Objetivo: Analizar la asociación entre los determinantes sociales de la salud y el exceso de peso en niños menores de seis años. Métodos: Estudio de casos (exceso de peso) y controles (normopeso) en niños menores de seis años atendidos por consulta externa en el Hospital Infantil los Ángeles 2013-2015. La muestra quedó conformada por 175 casos seleccionados por números aleatorios de una base de datos de la institución de salud y 175 controles. Resultados: Los niños menores de dos años tenían menor riesgo de exceso de peso (OR= 0,15 IC95 por ciento 0,092- 0,27), que los de dos a seis años. En los menores que permanecieron en casa aumentó el riesgo de padecer el evento en estudio (OR= 10,4 IC95 por ciento 4,11-26,5). En los niños que fueron alimentados simultáneamente con formula y leche materna durante los primeros seis meses de vida acrecentó el riesgo de exceso de peso (OR= 13,0 IC 95 por ciento 2,17-76,1). Conclusiones: Determinantes sociales de la salud, como la edad, la permanencia en casa y la alimentación combinada con formula y leche materna en los primeros seis meses de vida, son factores importantes que se asocian con el exceso de peso en menores de 6 años(AU)


Introduction: Overweight in children is a consequence of a series of social determinants of health. Objective: To analyze the relation between the social determinants of health and overweight in children. Methods: Cases study (overweight) and check-ups (normal weight) in children under six years old attended in the external consultations at Los Angeles Children's Hospital from 2013 to 2015. The sample consisted in 175 cases selected by random numbers from a database of the health institution and 175 check-ups. Results: Children under two years old had a lower risk of overweight (OR= 0.15 IC95 percent 0.092-0.27) than those in the ages from two to six years old. In the children who stayed at home increased the risk of suffering the event under study (OR= 10.4 IC95 percent 4.11-26.5). In children who were fed with formula and breast milk simultaneously during the first six months of life increased the risk of overweight (OR= 13.0 IC95 percent 2.17-76.1). These variables were associated with overweight. Conclusions: Social determinants of health, such as age, stay at home, and combined diet with formula and breast milk in the first six months of life are important factors associated with overweight in children under 6 years old(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Pediatric Obesity/etiology , Social Determinants of Health , Colombia
6.
Univ. salud ; 19(1): 17-25, mar. 2017. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-904636

ABSTRACT

Resumen Objetivo: Comprender el significado de las vivencias que experimentan los padres de niños prematuros hospitalizados en la Unidad de Cuidado Intensivo Neonatal de un hospital en la ciudad de Pasto, Nariño, a la luz de la teoría fenomenológica de Edmund Husserl. Materiales y métodos: Para comprender esas vivencias se realizó un estudio cualitativo, fenomenológico, con ocho padres. Los entrevistados se encontraban en un rango de edad entre 17 y 35 años. Resultados: El proceso investigativo permitió identificar cinco categorías, las cuales surgieron a partir del proceso de codificación o análisis nomotético de las convergencias de los discursos. Para el presente artículo se tomó dos de ellas: Sentimientos y vínculo afectivo como expresión de amor paterno y proceso de interacción con el personal de salud. Conclusión: Los padres de hijos hospitalizados no estaban preparados para el nacimiento de un niño prematuro, por lo que experimentaron sentimientos de tristeza, ansiedad, autocrítica y temor, alterándose el vínculo afectivo entre padres e hijos.


Abstract Objective: To understand the meaning of the experiences felt by parents of premature children who are hospitalized in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of a hospital in the city of Pasto, Nariño, taking into account the phenomenological theory of Edmund Husserl. Materials and methods: In order to understand these experiences, a qualitative phenomenological study was carried out with eight parents in a range of age between 17 and 35. Results: The investigative process identified five categories, which emerged from the process of codification or nomothetic analysis of the speeches convergences. Two of these categories were considered for this article: Feelings and affective bond as an expression of parental love and process of interaction with the health staff. Conclusion: The parents of children in hospital were not prepared for the birth of a premature baby, so they experienced feelings of sadness, anxiety, self-criticism and fear, altering the affective bond between parents and children.


Subject(s)
Infant, Newborn , Parents , Emotions , Infant, Premature , Intensive Care, Neonatal
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