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1.
Nat Prod Res ; 36(18): 4787-4793, 2022 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34866508

ABSTRACT

Bioactive compounds extracted from plants such as antimicrobials have attracted the attention of consumers and the food industry. This study aimed to determine the antimicrobial activity and chemical composition of Annona muricata leaf oleoresin obtained by supercritical CO2 extraction. The oleoresin was obtained by supercritical CO2 extraction and the chemical identification by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Antimicrobial activity was evaluated by broth microdilution method against 14 foodborne fungi and bacteria. The oleoresin major chemical class was phytosterols (22.7%) and the major compounds were γ-sitosterol (15.7%), α-tocopherol (13.7%), phytol (13.1%), and hexadecanoic acid (11.5%). Minimum inhibitory concentration against bacteria ranged from 0.0025 to 0.010 mg mL-1. The oleoresin had high bactericidal activity against all bacteria, mainly Enterobacter cloacae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa with 0.005 mg mL-1 minimum bactericidal concentration. However, it had low fungicidal activity. The leaf oleoresin of A. muricata has promising applications in food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries.


Subject(s)
Annona , Anti-Infective Agents , Annona/chemistry , Anti-Infective Agents/chemistry , Bacteria , Carbon Dioxide/chemistry , Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry/methods , Plant Extracts/chemistry , Plant Leaves/chemistry
2.
Colloq. agrar. ; 15(1): 15-26, jan.-fev. 2019. tab, graf, ilus
Article in Portuguese | VETINDEX | ID: vti-22286

ABSTRACT

A salinidade se destaca como um problema de grande importância, pois pode limitar o desenvolvimento e a produção agrícola. O estresse salino em plantas pode afetar o seu metabolismo, além de estimular o acúmulo de osmólitos. Portanto, o objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar o crescimento, mudanças fisiológicas e estomáticas de plantas de milho pipoca submetidas ao estresse salino. O experimento foi inteiramente casualizado, com 6 vasos por tratamento, conduzido em câmera de crescimento e irrigadas com NaCl nas concentrações de 0, 100 e 200 mM por 15 dias. As concentrações de 100 mM e 200 mM de NaCl, ocasionaram reduções significavas na altura e massa fresca da parte aérea e raízes. Observamos um aumento do dano na membrana plasmática e consequentemente uma redução no teor relativo de água nas folhas, devido às mudanças ocorridas na atividade osmótica. Além disso, houve o acúmulo de prolina, aumento no teor de clorofila e um aumento significativo no número de estômatos na superfície abaxial, assim como uma redução do tamanho dos estômatos. As plantas apresentaram um conjunto de alterações morfológicas e fisiológicas que são um mecanismo de defesa contra os efeitos da salinidade. Nossos resultados demonstraram que essas características contribuíram para uma notável tolerância à salinidade, pois possuem um importante papel protetor contra os diferentes estresses ambientais.(AU)


Salinity stands out as a major problem environmental that it may limit agricultural development and productivity. Saline stress in plants can affect your metabolism, in addition to stimulating the accumulation of osmolytes. Therefore, the aim is study was to evaluate the growth and extend our understanding physiological and stomatal changes in popcorn plants submitted to salinity stress. The experiment was completely randomized, with 6 pots per treatment, conducted in a growth chamber and irrigated with NaCl at the concentrations 0, 100 and 200 mM for 15 days. 100 and 200 mM NaCl concentrations cause significant reductions in height and fresh mass of shoots and roots. We observe an increase in the plasma membrane damage and consequently a reduction in relative water content in the leaves due to changes in the osmotic activity. Accordingly, an involvement there was a proline accumulation, increase in chlorophyll content and a significant increase in a number of stomata on abaxial surface, as well as a reduction in the size of the stomata. Plants presented a set of morphological and physiological changes, triggering a defense mechanism against the effects of salinity. Finally, our results demonstrated that these characteristics contributed to a remarkable tolerance to salinity since they have an important protective role against the different environmental stresses.(AU)


Subject(s)
Zea mays/growth & development , Zea mays/physiology , Salt Stress , Plant Stomata/anatomy & histology
3.
Colloq. Agrar ; 15(1): 15-26, jan.-fev. 2019. tab, graf, ilus
Article in Portuguese | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1481464

ABSTRACT

A salinidade se destaca como um problema de grande importância, pois pode limitar o desenvolvimento e a produção agrícola. O estresse salino em plantas pode afetar o seu metabolismo, além de estimular o acúmulo de osmólitos. Portanto, o objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar o crescimento, mudanças fisiológicas e estomáticas de plantas de milho pipoca submetidas ao estresse salino. O experimento foi inteiramente casualizado, com 6 vasos por tratamento, conduzido em câmera de crescimento e irrigadas com NaCl nas concentrações de 0, 100 e 200 mM por 15 dias. As concentrações de 100 mM e 200 mM de NaCl, ocasionaram reduções significavas na altura e massa fresca da parte aérea e raízes. Observamos um aumento do dano na membrana plasmática e consequentemente uma redução no teor relativo de água nas folhas, devido às mudanças ocorridas na atividade osmótica. Além disso, houve o acúmulo de prolina, aumento no teor de clorofila e um aumento significativo no número de estômatos na superfície abaxial, assim como uma redução do tamanho dos estômatos. As plantas apresentaram um conjunto de alterações morfológicas e fisiológicas que são um mecanismo de defesa contra os efeitos da salinidade. Nossos resultados demonstraram que essas características contribuíram para uma notável tolerância à salinidade, pois possuem um importante papel protetor contra os diferentes estresses ambientais.


Salinity stands out as a major problem environmental that it may limit agricultural development and productivity. Saline stress in plants can affect your metabolism, in addition to stimulating the accumulation of osmolytes. Therefore, the aim is study was to evaluate the growth and extend our understanding physiological and stomatal changes in popcorn plants submitted to salinity stress. The experiment was completely randomized, with 6 pots per treatment, conducted in a growth chamber and irrigated with NaCl at the concentrations 0, 100 and 200 mM for 15 days. 100 and 200 mM NaCl concentrations cause significant reductions in height and fresh mass of shoots and roots. We observe an increase in the plasma membrane damage and consequently a reduction in relative water content in the leaves due to changes in the osmotic activity. Accordingly, an involvement there was a proline accumulation, increase in chlorophyll content and a significant increase in a number of stomata on abaxial surface, as well as a reduction in the size of the stomata. Plants presented a set of morphological and physiological changes, triggering a defense mechanism against the effects of salinity. Finally, our results demonstrated that these characteristics contributed to a remarkable tolerance to salinity since they have an important protective role against the different environmental stresses.


Subject(s)
Salt Stress , Zea mays/growth & development , Zea mays/physiology , Plant Stomata/anatomy & histology
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