ABSTRACT
Introducción: La caries es actualmente la enfermedad infecciosa más frecuente en la infancia, y puede ocasionar graves problemas de salud general. Los diferentes factores etiológico simplicados pueden estar condicionados por los profesionales que asisten al niño y su entorno, especialmente por el pediatra, que es el profesional que tiene el primer y mayor contacto con el bebé y su familia. Por ello, creemos que es indispensable la elaboración de una guía integral con el objetivo de uniformarlos criterios y orientaciones para la salud bucal en la primera infancia, y así proveer una información única y efectiva a los padres de nuestros pacientes. Objetivo: Proponer una guía de salud bucal para los padres, que debe estar consensuada por todos los profesionales que trabajen con niños. De esta forma, los padres tendrán más seguridad sobre el cuidado de sus hijos si poseen la misma información de los diferentes profesionales. Se plantean temas como la lactancia materna, el uso del biberón y del chupete, la transmisión bacteriana precoz, los alimentos con potencial cariogénico, la higiene bucal, el uso de flúor y la primera visita al odontopediatra. Conclusión: Esta guía de salud bucal para los primeros años de vida fue elaborada con el fin de esclarecer y definir algunos temas en común respecto a la salud bucal, que creemos indispensable en la práctica diaria de los pediatras para reducir las consecuencias físicas, psicológicas, económicas y emocionales que ocasiona la caries en la primera infancia (AU)
Introduction: Dental caries is the most common infectious disease during childhood, which can cause severe general health problems. Health care professionals that assist the child can influence the different etiological factors implied in the caries process, especially the pediatrician being the first health professional to have a greater contact with the child and his/her family. Therefore, we consider it indispensible to elaborate a health care guide to standardize recommendations and guidance concerning to oral health in early childhood, in order to provide a unique information and effective to the parents of our patients. Objective: To suggest this guide of oral health to the parents, after all the professionals who work with children have reached a consensus. In this manner, parents will have more security in their childrens care if they receive the information from different health care professionals. The themes, which have been discussed, are breastfeeding, the use of baby bottles, and the use of pacifiers, the early bacterial transmission, and the diet with cariogenic potential, the oral hygiene, the use of fluoride and the first visit to the pediatric dentist. Conclusion: This guide of oral health care for the first years of life aims to clarify and define some common issues concerning oral health care. We believe it is critical that pediatricians are know about oral diseases in order to reduce the physical, economic, psychological and emotional consequences of caries during early childhood (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Oral Hygiene/standards , Dental Caries/prevention & control , Oral Hygiene Index , Oral Health , Diagnosis, Oral/methods , Mouth Diseases/prevention & control , Practice Patterns, Dentists'ABSTRACT
UNLABELLED: The term severe infraocclusion is used to describe teeth located at the level of or below the alveolar crest and is rare. AIM: The aims of the study were to evaluate the influence of age of diagnosis and treatment on the outcome of the successors of primary molars with severe infraocclusion and to propose a treatment protocol based on the age of diagnosis. METHODS: A retrospective study of patients with primary molars in severe infraocclusion (PMSI) in the period 1987-2001 was carried out. Parameters assessed were age, sex, degree of infraocclusion based on radiographs, altered position of adjacent and successor teeth and treatment outcome. RESULTS: The sample comprised 19 patients with 23 cases of PMSI, all were second primary molars (47.8% maxillary and 52.2% mandibular). Migration of the neighbouring tooth was present in 51.5% of cases. The PMSI treatment was by extraction in all cases, a space maintainer was fitted and remained in place until the eruption of the successor. The outcome was favourable in 82.6% of cases. CONCLUSION: Successful treatment of PMSI depends on prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment and follow-up of the cases. The earlier the age of detection, the more favourable the outcome.
Subject(s)
Malocclusion/classification , Molar/pathology , Tooth, Deciduous/pathology , Tooth, Unerupted/classification , Adolescent , Age Factors , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Male , Mandible , Maxilla , Retrospective Studies , Sex Factors , Space Maintenance, Orthodontic/instrumentation , Tooth Eruption/physiology , Tooth Extraction , Tooth Migration/classification , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
The case of a child treated for globulomaxillary cyst is presented. He first consulted because of progressive deformity of the face and upper gum, starting several months before. He had a history of facial contusion at the time the deformity began.
Subject(s)
Contusions/complications , Facial Injuries/complications , Maxillary Diseases/etiology , Nonodontogenic Cysts/etiology , Adolescent , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Male , Maxillary Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Maxillary Diseases/surgery , Nonodontogenic Cysts/diagnostic imaging , Nonodontogenic Cysts/surgery , Radiography, Panoramic , Time Factors , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedSubject(s)
Dental Caries/epidemiology , Diabetes Complications , Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Dental Care for Disabled , Female , Humans , Male , Oral HygieneABSTRACT
The effects of chronic ethanol consumption during gestation on the development of layer V pyramidal cells was studied quantitatively in the somatosensory cerebral cortex of the newborn guinea-pig. The spread of the basilar dendritic arborizations and counts of dendritic spines on the apical dendrite of neurons that had been processed with the rapid Golgi method were compared with those found in age-matched controls receiving an isocaloric diet without alcohol. There were significant differences in the number of primary basilar dendrites (P less than 0.05) and dendritic ramifications at a distance of 25 micron from the soma (P less than 0.01) between the alcohol-exposed and control animals. There also were significant differences in the number of dendritic spines on the apical dendrite (P less than 0.001). This experimental model further illustrates developmental anomalies in the cerebral cortex following prenatal ethanol exposure.
Subject(s)
Ethanol/toxicity , Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders/pathology , Neurons/drug effects , Pyramidal Tracts/drug effects , Somatosensory Cortex/drug effects , Animals , Animals, Newborn , Dendrites/drug effects , Female , Guinea Pigs , Organ Size/drug effects , Pregnancy , Pyramidal Tracts/pathology , Somatosensory Cortex/pathologyABSTRACT
A prospective study of 139 children suffering mediterranean spotted fever, all of them hospitalized during the summer time of the last five years is presented. Clinical features were high fever, maculopapulous rash and black eschar ("tàche noire"). Among analytical findings, leucocyte count was decreased in a 38.8% of children during the first week of illness. Weil-Felix test was positive in 47.2% for OX-2 and 52.7% for OX-19 of cases. The indirect immunofluorescence for rickettsial conorii was positive in 100% of cases in the second determination. 74.1% of patients received antimicrobial therapy and 25.9% symptomatic treatment. All children cured without complications.
Subject(s)
Boutonneuse Fever/diagnosis , Rickettsiaceae Infections/diagnosis , Adolescent , Boutonneuse Fever/drug therapy , Boutonneuse Fever/epidemiology , Boutonneuse Fever/immunology , Child , Child, Preschool , Humans , Infant , Prospective Studies , SpainABSTRACT
Quantitative studies have been performed in pyramidal cells (layer V) of the guinea pig's cerebral cortex when the animal were still-born and then not influenced by external sensorial stimuli nor by environment experience. Results related to basal ramifications of the pyramidal cells are similar to those reported in other species. Dendritic spines showed an increased in density along the length of the apical dendrites in a logarithmic regression. A similar pattern of distribution of dendritic spines along the apical dendrite was observed in a given animal, but interindividual variability was demonstrated.
Subject(s)
Animals, Newborn/anatomy & histology , Cerebral Cortex/cytology , Guinea Pigs/anatomy & histology , Pyramidal Tracts/cytology , Animals , Dendrites/ultrastructure , Female , Male , Staining and LabelingABSTRACT
Authors report the results of utilization of fiberscope (FEC) in pediatric patients with hematemesis. They emphasize the utility of this method, its high percentage of positivity in the diagnostic in relation to the precocity of the FEC and the high incidence of hemorrhage gastritis in relation to salycilates ingest.
Subject(s)
Endoscopy , Fiber Optic Technology , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/diagnosis , Hematemesis/diagnosis , Adolescent , Aspirin/poisoning , Child , Child, Preschool , Duodenitis/chemically induced , Esophagitis/chemically induced , Female , Gastritis/chemically induced , Hematemesis/etiology , Hemorrhage/diagnosis , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases/diagnosisABSTRACT
During a three-year period, central venous catheterization was performed in 83 children by percutaneous approach through internal jugular or and subclavian veins. Internal jugular vein was catheterized in 62 children, 40 of them were under one year old and 16 were within one to five years. Complications were seen only in two occasions: accidental punction of carotid artery. Subclavian vein was used in 21 patients: 7 or the children were under one year, 7 children were between one to five years and 7 children were over five years of age. A pneumothorax and a perforation of the subclavian vein were the complications of this last group. Indications, technics and complications of central venous catheterization--either internal jugular or subclavian--are described emphasizing the advantages that they offer as compared to traditional venisection.
Subject(s)
Cardiac Catheterization/adverse effects , Carotid Artery Injuries , Jugular Veins , Subclavian Vein , Cardiac Catheterization/methods , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Iatrogenic Disease , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Pneumothorax/etiology , Subclavian Vein/injuriesABSTRACT
A case of fetal alcohol syndrome is reported in a intrauterine growth retarded female newborn with dysmorphic features and congenital cardiopathy whose mother suffered from a chronic ethylism during pregnancy. Authors compare this case findings with the reported revisions of other authors.
