ABSTRACT
Purpose: With advancements in minimally invasive techniques, oblique lumbar interbody fusion (OLIF) has gained widespread acceptance and is now commonly performed for adult degenerative scoliosis (ADS). The objective of this research paper is to evaluate three-dimensional (3D) intervertebral motions in EOS models before and after surgery and subsequently assess the efficacy of the 3D correction achieved through staged OLIF. Methods: In this retrospective study, 29 consecutive patients diagnosed with ADS were included, with a mean age of 63.6â years, who underwent staged OLIF surgery between 2018 and 2021. Spinopelvic parameters were assessed using EOS images, and 3D models were reconstructed to measure intervertebral motion angles (IMAs) in 70 surgical intervertebral segments, comprising wedge, lordosis, and axial rotation angles. Regression analysis was conducted to compare IMAs in different planes before and after the staged OLIF surgery. Results: Significant three-dimensional correction was observed in 70 intervertebral segments following the first-stage OLIF. The wedge angles decreased from 5.2°± 4.2° to 2.7°± 2.4° (P < 0.001). The lordosis angles increased from 5.1°± 5.9° to 7.8°± 4.6° (P = 0.014), while the axial rotation angles decreased from 3.8°± 2.6° to 2.3°± 2.1° (P < 0.001). Linear regression analysis revealed a positive correlation between wedge angles and axial angles preoperatively (P < 0.001, r = 0.43), as well as between corrected wedge angles and corrected axial angles (P < 0.001, r = 0.42). Conclusion: This study demonstrated that intervertebral motions had a correlation between coronal and axial planes in lumbar degenerative scoliosis. First-stage OLIF was efficient at correcting segmental scoliosis by inserting cages while correcting rotation deformity simultaneously, as well as improving the sagittal spinopelvic parameters.
ABSTRACT
It is unquestionably true that site occupation and energy transfer play important roles in the luminescent properties of optical materials from both practical applications and theoretical research. In this paper, multisite-occupancy-driven multiple energy transfers were used as a straightforward strategy to achieve single-composition white-light emission in Ce3+-, Tb3+-, and Mn2+-doped Ba1.2Ca0.8SiO4 (BCS) phosphors. The Ce3+-, Tb3+-, and Mn2+-doped T-phase orthosilicate BCS samples were synthesized by traditional solid-state reactions. The phase composition was checked via X-ray diffraction (XRD), and the luminescent properties were systematically studied by photoluminescence spectroscopy and fluorescence decay curves. A detailed study on the efficient and multiple energy transfers of Ce I â Mn2+, Ce II â Tb3+, and Ce II â Tb3+ â Mn2+ was carried out. Satisfactorily, the selected phosphor exhibits a high internal quantum efficiency (QE) of 81% and good thermal stability. In addition, an evident negative thermal quenching phenomenon, i.e., the emission intensity increases with increasing temperature, is provided. Moreover, the mechanism of negative thermal quenching was proposed. On the basis of these excellent luminescence properties, a white LED with color-rendering index (Ra = 89) was fabricated by integrating the phosphor on an n-UV 365 nm chip. These results show that the materials present potential application in the field of phosphor-converted white LEDs.
ABSTRACT
Nanostructured metals with designable and controllable structures have received increasing attention in surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) due to the single molecular detection limit. Great challenges still remain in creating large scale substrates with high-density 'hotspots' to provide a uniform and stable enhancement of Raman signals. Here, we fabricated a copper island thin film over an 80 cm2 scale substrate with tunable particle sizes by combining sputtering with dealloying processes. The island size can be tailored from 150 nm to 370 nm by controlling parameters and etching conditions and possesses an optimized surface morphology structure. The detection limit of crystal violet (CV) molecules reached 0.1 pM. Meanwhile, the copper island thin film presents good homogeneity and stability. Our method is promising to repeatedly fabricate novel metal SERS substrates on a large scale with standard properties for sensing applications.