The Diagnostic Value of Mitochondrial Mass of Peripheral T Lymphocytes in Early Sepsis.

Background: Studies have shown that lymphocyte dysfunction can occur during the early stages of sepsis and that cell dysfunction is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. Therefore, quantifying the mitochondrial function of lymphocytes in patients with sepsis could be valuable for the early diagnosis of sepsis. Methods: Seventy-nine patients hospitalized from September 2020 to September 2021 with Sepsis-3 were retrospectively analyzed and subsequently compared with those without sepsis. Results: Univariate analysis showed statistical differences between the data of the two groups regarding age, neutrophil/lymphocyte, procalcitonin (PCT), C-reactive protein, total bilirubin, serum creatinine, type B natriuretic peptide, albumin, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, lactic acid, single-cell mitochondrial mass (SCMM)-CD3, SCMM-CD4, SCMM-CD8, and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score (P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis performed on the indicators mentioned above demonstrated a statistical difference in PCT, lactic acid, SCMM-CD4, and SCMM-CD8 levels between the two groups (P < 0.05). The receiver operating characteristic curves of five models were subsequently compared [area under the curve: 0.740 (PCT) vs. 0.933 (SCMM-CD4) vs. 0.881 (SCMM-CD8) vs. 0.961 (PCT + SCMM-CD4) vs. 0.915 (PCT+SCMM-CD8), P < 0.001]. Conclusion: SCMM-CD4 was shown to be a better diagnostic biomarker of early sepsis when compared with the traditional biomarker, PCT. Furthermore, the value of the combination of PCT and SCMM-CD4 in the diagnosis of early sepsis was better than that of SCMM-CD4 alone.

Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells attenuate myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury via upregulation of splenic regulatory T cells.

BACKGROUND: Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) is the main pathological manifestation of cardiovascular diseases such as myocardial infarction. The potential therapeutic effects of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) and the participation of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in MIRI remains to be defined. METHODS: We used the experimental acute MIRI that was induced in mice by left ascending coronary ischemia, which were subsequently randomized to receive immunoglobulin G (IgG) or anti-CD25 antibody PC61 with or without intravenously injected BM-MSCs. The splenectomized mice underwent prior to experimental MIRI followed by intravenous administration of BM-MSCs. At 72 h post-MIRI, the hearts and spleens were harvested and subjected to cytometric and histologic analyses. RESULTS: CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells were significantly elevated after MIRI in the hearts and spleens of mice receiving IgG + BM-MSCs and PC61 + BM-MSCs compared to the respective control mice (all p < 0.01). This was accompanied by upregulation of interleukin 10 and transforming growth factor ß1 and downregulation of creatinine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase in the serum. The post-MIRI mice receiving BM-MSCs showed attenuated inflammation and cellular apoptosis in the heart. Meanwhile, splenectomy compromised all therapeutic effects of BM-MSCs. CONCLUSION: Administration of BM-MSCs effectively alleviates MIRI in mice through inducing Treg activation, particularly in the spleen.

[Fosfomycin tromethamine inhibits the expressions of TNF-α, IL-8 and IL-6 in the prostate tissue of rats with chronic bacterial prostatitis].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of fosfomycin tromethamine (FT) on the expressions of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the prostate tissue of the rats with chronic bacterial prostatitis (CBP). METHODS: We randomly divided 70 male SD rats into 7 groups of equal number: blank control, CBP model control, positive control, 14 d low-dose FT, 7 d low-dose FT, 14 d high-dose FT, and 7 d high-dose FT. The CBP model rats in the latter five groups were treated intragastrically with levofloxacin at 100 mg/kg/d for 30 days and FT at 200 mg/kg/d for 14 and 7 days and at 300 mg/kg/d for 14 and 7 days, respectively. Then we collected the prostate tissue from the animals for determination of the levels of TNF-α, IL-8 and IL-6 by ELISA. RESULTS: Compared with the blank controls, the CBP model rats showed significantly increased levels of TNF-α (ï¼»19.83 ± 6.1ï¼½ vs ï¼»32.93 ± 6.21ï¼½ ng/g prot, P <0.01), IL-8 (ï¼»8.26 ± 0.52ï¼½ vs ï¼»16.2 ± 2.84ï¼½ ng/g prot, P <0.01) and IL-6 (ï¼»1.55 ± 0.11ï¼½ vs ï¼»2.51 ± 1.06ï¼½ ng/g prot, P <0.05) in the prostate tissue. In comparison with the CBP model controls, the levels of TNF-α and IL-8 were remarkably decreased in the groups of positive control (ï¼»20.54 ± 5.78ï¼½ ng/g prot, P <0.01; ï¼»12.43 ± 4.02ï¼½ ng/g prot, P <0.05), 14 d low-dose FT (ï¼»21.95 ± 6.48ï¼½ ng/g prot, P <0.01; ï¼»11.11 ± 2.86ï¼½ ng/g prot, P <0.01), 7 d low-dose FT (ï¼»23.8 ± 6.93ï¼½ ng/g prot, P <0.05; ï¼»12.43 ± 4.02ï¼½ ng/g prot, P <0.05), 14 d high-dose FT (ï¼»19.97 ± 2.58ï¼½ ng/g prot, P <0.01; ï¼»8.83 ± 1.32ï¼½ ng/g prot, P <0.01), and 7 d high-dose FT (ï¼»21.97 ± 3.38ï¼½ ng/g prot, P <0.01; ï¼»12.68±1.97ï¼½ ng/g prot, P <0.05). No statistically significant differences were observed between the positive control and FT groups in the contents of TNF-α, IL-8 or IL-6 (P >0.05). The expression of IL-6 was markedly reduced in the 14 d high-dose FT group as compared with the model controls (ï¼»1.76 ± 0.46ï¼½ vs ï¼»2.51 ± 1.06ï¼½ ng/g prot, P<0.05) but exhibited no significant difference between the CBP model control and the other groups (P >0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Fosfomycin tromethamine inhibits the expressions of TNF-α, IL-8 and IL-6 in the prostate tissue, suppresses its inflammatory reaction, promotes the repair of damaged prostatic structure, and thus contributes to the treatment of chronic bacterial prostatitis in rats.

Electric bicycle-related injuries presenting to a provincial hospital in China: A retrospective study.

The use of electric bicycles (EBs) in China is growing. In the present study, we aimed to characterize the pattern and outcomes of EB-related injuries presenting to a major general hospital in China.This was a retrospective review of EB-related injuries presenting to Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital from 2008 to 2011. Cases were identified from medical records according to diagnosis codes. Data captured included demographics, injury characteristics, and outcomes.A total of 3156 cases were reviewed in the present study. There were 1460 cases of traffic accidents, of which 482 cases were EB-related (32.7%). In addition, most of EB-related cases (44.6%) belonged to the 41- to 60-year-old age group. Median injury severity score was 10. Moreover, 34.9% underwent surgery and 24.7% were admitted to intensive care unit. The median hospitalization cost was 14,269 USD. Fracture (56.5%) was the most frequently diagnosed injury type, and head was the most commonly injured body region (31.1%).EB-related injuries have become a major health concern, making up a sizeable proportion of injuries presenting to the emergency department. Therefore, it is necessary to establish injury prevention and strategies for EB road safety. Implementation of policy such as compulsory helmet use, as well as popularization of EB road safety education should be considered to improve the current situation of EB-related injuries in China.

Associations between gender and cardiac arrest outcomes in Pan-Asian out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients.

BACKGROUND: The incidence of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) in women is thought to be lower than that of men, with better outcomes in some Western studies. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate the effect of gender on OHCA outcomes in the Pan-Asian population. METHODOLOGY: This was a retrospective, secondary analysis of the Pan Asian Resuscitation Outcomes Study (PAROS) data between 2009 and 2012. We included OHCA cases which were presumed cardiac etiology, aged 18 years and above and resuscitation attempted by emergency medical services (EMS) systems. We used multi-level mixed-effects logistic regression models to account for the clustering effect of individuals within the country. Primary outcome was survival to hospital discharge. RESULTS: We included a total of 40,159 OHCA cases, 40% of which were women. We found that women were more likely to be older and have an initial non-shockable arrest rhythm; they were more likely to receive bystander cardio-pulmonary resuscitation (CPR). The univariate analysis showed that women were significantly less likely to have return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) at scene or in the emergency department (ED), and had lower rates of survival-to-admission and discharge, and poorer overall and cerebral performance outcomes. There was however, no significant gender difference on outcomes after adjustment of other confounders. Women in the reproductive age group (age 18-44 years) were significantly more likely to have ROSC at scene or in the ED, higher rates of survival-to-admission and discharge, and have better overall and cerebral performance outcomes after adjustment for differences in baseline and pre-hospital factors. Menopausal women (age 55 years and above) were less likely to survive to admission after adjusting for other pre-hospital characteristics but not after age adjustment. CONCLUSION: Differences in survival outcomes between reproductive and menopausal women highlight a need for further investigations into the plausible social, pathologic or hormonal basis.

Methimazole-induced cholestatic hepatitis: two cases report and literature review.

Methimazole is commonly prescribed for patients who are thyrotoxic. Cholestatic hepatitis is a rare but serious adverse event which may be associated with interventional therapy. In this case report, we present two Chinese women with cholestatic jaundice due to methimazole treatment. Both patients had a history of hyperthyroidism; initial laboratory studies of liver function were normal and cholestatic hepatitis occurred after treatment with methimazole. Concomitant liver disease, such as viral hepatitis (A, B, C, D, E), autoimmune hepatitis, primary biliary cirrhosis and calculus of bile duct, were excluded. Liver enzyme levels in both patients returned to normal after stopping methimazole therapy and taking hepatoprotective drugs. It is essential that patients are informed about the earliest symptoms of serious adverse effects of antithyroid drugs, such as hepatic toxicity, and that they are advised to stop taking the drug immediately and contact their physician if such symptoms occur.

[Association of sperm DNA integrity with seminal plasma oxidative stress and its influence on in vitro fertilization in infertile males].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association of sperm DNA integrity with semen routine parameters and seminal plasma oxidative stress and its influence on in vitro fertilization (IVF) in males with infertility. METHODS: Using sperm chromatin dispersion (SCD), we detected sperm DNA damage in 433 infertile men undergoing IVF. Based on the sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI), we divided the patients into a low DFI (lt;30%) and a high DFI ( ≥30%) group and then compared sperm concentration, the percentage of progressively motile sperm (PMS), the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in the seminal plasma, and the rates of fertilization, cleavage and high-quality embryos between the two groups of patients. RESULTS: Compared with the low DFI group, the high DFI group showed significantly decreased rates of PMS (ï¼»48.6±16.7ï¼½ vs ï¼»29.2±16.8ï¼½%, P<0.01) and fast PMS ï¼»19.0±9.1ï¼½ vs ï¼»9.4±6.6ï¼½%, P<0.01), but no statistically significant difference in sperm concentration (ï¼»51.4±30.9ï¼½ vs ï¼»52.3±32.4ï¼½ ×106/ml, P>0.05). The content of MDA in the seminal plasma was markedly higher in the high DFI than in the low DFI group (ï¼»2.28±0.26ï¼½ vs ï¼»0.95±0.18ï¼½ nmol/L, P<0.01) but that of TAC remarkably lower in the former than in the latter (ï¼»10.2±3.5ï¼½ vs ï¼»33.2±7.9ï¼½ U/L, P<0.01). The rate of fertilization was significantly lower in the high DFI than in the low DFI group (ï¼»58.9±30.0ï¼½ vs ï¼»77.2±25.0ï¼½%, P<0.01), but there were no significant differences between the two groups in the rates of cleavage (ï¼»70.7±35.6ï¼½ vs ï¼»80.4±15.6ï¼½%P>0.05) and high-quality embryos (ï¼»40.4±31.3ï¼½ vs ï¼»41.7±29.4ï¼½%,P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Sperm DNA damage is associated with seminal oxidative stress and may affect the outcomes of IVF by reducing the rate of fertilization.