ABSTRACT
Background: To document pooled evidence on the association between weekend hospital admissions and the potential risks of mortality, intensive care requirements, and readmission among patients with pneumonia. Methods: We performed a systematic search across the PubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus databases. We collected observational studies exploring the association between weekend admissions and outcomes of interest in patients with pneumonia. To analyze the data, we used a random effects model and expressed the effect sizes as pooled odds ratios (ORs) accompanied by their respective 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: The analysis comprised data from 13 retrospective studies. Compared to patients admitted on weekdays, those admitted during the weekend had a non-statistically significant marginally higher risk of in-hospital mortality (OR, 1.02; 95% CI, 1.00, 1.04) but similar 30-day mortality after admission (OR, 1.03; 95% CI, 0.97, 1.10), and similar risks of admission to intensive care unit (OR, 1.04; 95% CI, 0.98, 1.11) and re-admission (OR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.65-1.12). Conclusion: Our findings do not support the presence of a "weekend effect" in patients with pneumonia. Systematic review registration: PROSPERO, identifier CRD42023425802, https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/.
Subject(s)
Hospitalization , Pneumonia , Humans , Retrospective Studies , Time Factors , Hospital Mortality , Pneumonia/epidemiology , Pneumonia/therapyABSTRACT
Quantum teleportation has significant meaning in quantum information. In particular, entangled states can also be used for perfectly teleporting the quantum state with some probability. This is more practical and efficient in practice. In this paper, we propose schemes to use non-symmetric quantum channel combinations for probabilistic teleportation of an arbitrary two-qubit quantum state from sender to receiver. The non-symmetric quantum channel is composed of a two-qubit partially entangled state and a three-qubit partially entangled state, where partially entangled Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and W state are considered, respectively. All schemes are presented in detail and the unitary operations required are given in concise formulas. Methods are provided for reducing classical communication cost and combining operations to simplify the manipulation. Moreover, our schemes are flexible and applicable in different situations.
ABSTRACT
ß-Lactoglobulin (ß-LG) was conjugated with monomethoxy polyethylene glycol-succinimidyl carbonates (mPEG-SC, 20 kDa) to investigate the relationship between the antigenicity and conformational changes of ß-LG. The effect of molar ratio of protein to mPEG-SC (1:3-1:6), pH (6-8) and time (4-24h) on the antigenicity of ß-LG was investigated. The lowest antigenicity of ß-LG was observed at the molar ratio of 1:3, pH 7.0, and reaction time for 8h, which was 70% lower than that of control ß-LG. At the optimal modification conditions, it was indicated that two fractions obtained after purification showed the tense and single band on the SDS-PAGE at the position of approximate 78 kDa and 58 kDa, which corresponded to the tri- and di-PEGylated conjugate, respectively. As conjugated number of mPEG-SC with ß-LG increased, the quenching of fluorescence and the content of ß-strands were increased gradually, which may contribute to the decrease of antigenicity from two aspects.
Subject(s)
Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel/methods , Lactoglobulins/chemistry , Polyethylene Glycols/chemistry , Animals , CattleABSTRACT
A new fluorescent probe, DN-SB, was synthesized. DN-SB was based on the naphthalimide derivatives and exhibited high selectivity and sensitivity for Cu(2+) ions. As a Cu(2+)-amplified fluorescent probe, its fluorescence spectrum showed 4.5-fold enhancement in the intensity of the signal at 519 nm on binding with the Cu(2+). Based on the fluorescence titration spectra and job's-plot, binding mode of DN-SB with Cu(2+) was proposed. Fluorescence intensity was linear with concentration of Cu(2+) cation in a range from 4 µM to 7 µM. DN-SB was also sensitive for copper ions. The detection limit was calculated to be 0.15 µM which indicated DN-SB was sensitive to Cu(2+).
Subject(s)
Copper/analysis , Fluorescent Dyes/chemistry , Naphthalimides/chemistry , Spectrometry, Fluorescence/methods , Cations, Divalent/analysis , Limit of Detection , Sensitivity and SpecificityABSTRACT
Aggregation changes of whey protein induced by high-pressure microfluidization (HPM) treatment have been investigated in relation with their functional properties. Whey protein was treated with HPM under pressure from 40 to 160 MPa. Functional properties (solubility, foaming, and emulsifying properties) of whey protein concentrate (WPC) ultrafiltered from fluid whey were evaluated. The results showed significant modifications in the solubility (30% to 59%) and foaming properties (20% to 65%) of WPC with increasing pressure. However, emulsifying property of WPC treated at different pressures was significantly worse than untreated sample. To better understand the mechanism of the modification by HPM, the HPM-induced aggregation changes were examined using particle size distribution, scanning electron microscopy, and hydrophobicity. It was indicated that HPM induced 2 kinds of aggregation changes on WPC: deaggregation and reaggregation of WPC, which resulted in the changes of functional properties of WPC modified by HPM.
