ABSTRACT
Flaxseed is a kind of biomass with high edible and medical value. It is rich in many kinds of nutrients and mineral elements. China is one of the important producing places of flaxseed. In order to explore the main characteristic constituents of mineral elements and fatty acids in flaxseed, the study of analyzing the mineral elements and fatty acid composition from 10 different regions was carried out. The contents of seventeen kinds of mineral elements in flaxseed were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The contents of fatty acids of the flaxseed oil obtained under the same conditions were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS). The principal component analysis (PCA) method was applied to the study of analyzing the mineral elements and fatty acid compositions in flaxseeds. The difference in mineral elements and fatty acids of flaxseed from different regions were discussed. The main characteristic constituents of mineral elements and fatty acids were analyzed. The results showed that K, Sr, Mg, Ni, Co, Cr, Cd, Se, Zn and Cu were the main characteristic constituents of the mineral elements. At the same time, C16:0, C18:0, C18: 2, C18:3, C20:0 and C20:1 were the main characteristic constituents of the fatty acids. The combination of ICP-MS, GS-MS and PCA can reveal the characteristics and difference of mineral elements and fatty acids from different regions. The results would provide important theoretical basis for the reasonable and effective utilization of flaxseed.
Subject(s)
Fatty Acids/analysis , Flax , Seeds/chemistry , China , Mass Spectrometry , Minerals , Principal Component AnalysisABSTRACT
Copper, iron, zinc and manganese in flaxseed were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). After digestion by microwave-assisted, Cu, Fe, Zn and Mn were analyzed by using Standard and KED modes. In the present study, testing effectiveness of the two modes was compared. On this base, valid determination mode was selected for each of the elements and uncertainty evaluations of the four microelements were explored. According to JJF1059-1999 (Evaluation and Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement), the main influence factors were analyzed one by one. Each of the uncertainties was calculated separately. It was showed that the results of Cu, Fe, Zn and Mn in flaxseed determined by ICP-MS method were satisfactory. At the same time, the results obtained in this work were considered to be valuable as a reference for the evaluation of uncertainty in measurement of Fe, Cu, Zn and Mn with ICP-MS.
Subject(s)
Flax/chemistry , Mass Spectrometry , Seeds/chemistry , Copper , Iron , Manganese , Spectrum Analysis , ZincABSTRACT
We report a 41-year-old Chinese female with Fabry disease and diffuse thinning of the glomerular basement membrane (GBM). The patient presented with peripheral edema, mild proteinuria, microscopic hematuria, normal renal function, hypertension and tinnitus. Family screening showed that her daughter had microscopic hematuria, tinnitus and neuropathic pain. Renal biopsy of the proband showed focal segmental glomerulosclerosis with cytoplasmic vacuolization of the glomerular visceral epithelial cells by light microscopy. Laminated myelin inclusions in some of the glomerular podocytes, parietal epithelia, distal tubular epithelial cells and vascular endothelial cells along with diffuse thinning of the GBM (mean thickness of GBM: 216 ± 31 nm) were identified by electron microscopy. Genetic analysis detected a de novo novel GLA mutation, 1208 ins 21 bp, while a new variant of COL4A3 SNP M1209I was carried by mother and daughter as well as the proband's father (I-1) and one sister (II-4). The coexistence of thinned GBM should be considered in patients with Fabry disease-manifested familial hematuria.
