ABSTRACT
The purpose of this narrative review is to analyze surgical techniques for removing scar tissue and minimizing them. A considerable proportion of the population have scars that are related to a traumatic event that they remember accurately, this being especially true for scars on the face, but also on the rest of the body if they are of significant size. The negative consequences of the esthetic damage are felt mainly in the family and at professional level, without losing sight of the fact that any person suffers as a result of the awareness of unsightly wounds or scars. To be successful, an aesthetic intervention must represent the optimal balance between science, the art of plastic surgery and the patient's expectations. Good communication between surgeon and patient is also needed. We must state that there is no method of total removal of scars; even in the case of complex surgical techniques, the scar cannot be completely excised, but a much more aesthetic appearance can be obtained. Scars cannot be completely removed from the skin, they can improve their appearance by fading or thinning, initially by conservative treatment, later, if necessary, by surgical scar reduction techniques. Improving the appearance of a scar depends on the type of scar, its severity, its surface and location, the causing factors, the time elapsed from production to the application of specialized treatment.
ABSTRACT
The comorbidity with anxiety disorders has profound adverse implications on the evolution, prognosis and therapeutic responsiveness of depression, it will prolong the time required to achieve remission of the depressive episode, and patients under treatment will tend to drop out of their therapeutic regimens faster than those with depression but without anxious comorbidity. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the importance of the clinical, etiopathogenetic, prognostic and especially therapeutic connotations given by the presence of psychiatric comorbidities in depression. Articles evaluating the presence of psychiatric comorbidities in depression were analyzed using PubMed, Medline, Scopus, Google Academics and WoS databases. To select the articles, we used keywords: psychiatric comorbidity, depression with anxiety disorders, depression with dysthymia, depression with psychoactive substances, depression with personality disorders. From a psychiatric perspective, the comorbidity of mental disorders can be divided into psychiatric comorbidity, when two or more distinct psychiatric conditions are present in the same individual, and medical comorbidity, when a medical-surgical illness is associated with a mental disorder. The presence of major depression is in itself a predictive factor for a later onset of generalized anxiety disorder. The comorbidity of depression in those with substance abuse or addiction has profound implications on their clinical prognosis. The association of personality disorder has a significant impact on the suicidal behavior of patients with major depression.
