ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Preeclampsia is one of the most frequent and serious complication of pregnancy characterized by systemic perfusion reduction generated by vasospasm and activation of coagulation systems. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association between preeclampsia sociodemographics and obstetrics antecedents. MATERIAL AND METHOD: An unmatched case-control study was carried out in which all the clinical registries of patients with preeclampsia (cases: n = 196) assisted in the period 2003-2007 in the Hospital Civil of Culiacan, Sinaloa State of Mexico were analyzed. As controls the clinical registries of patients assisted during the same period were selected at random but that they didn't show up preeclampsia (n = 470). The association of preeclampsia with socioeconomic level, tobacco use, alcohol use, gynecologic and obstetric antecedents (sexual partners, pregnancies, deliveries and abortions number, prenatal control, contraceptive method) and previous pregnancy with preeclampsia were analyzed. RESULTS: There were not association between tobacco use (OR: 3.05; 95% CI: 0.81-11.48), beginning of sexual activity (p = 0.1509), number of sexual partners (OR: 1.23; 95% CI: 0.83-1.83; p = 0.3009) and sexual cohabitation less than 12 months (OR: 0.90; 95% CI: 0.63-1.27). The alcoholism (OR: 5.77; 95% CI: 1.48-22.53), socioeconomic level (p < 0.05), pregnancy previous with preeclampsia (RM:14.81; 95% CI: 1.77-123.85; p = 0.0006) were associated with preeclampsia. There were differences in the use of the contraceptive method between groups (p < 0.005). CONCLUSIONS: Preeclampsia was significantly associated with the alcoholism, low socioeconomic level and pregnancy previous with preeclampsia.
Subject(s)
Pre-Eclampsia/epidemiology , Adult , Alcoholism/epidemiology , Case-Control Studies , Comorbidity , Contraception , Female , Hospitals, Public/statistics & numerical data , Humans , Mexico/epidemiology , Poverty , Pregnancy , Prenatal Care , Recurrence , Reproductive History , Risk Factors , Socioeconomic Factors , Young AdultABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Interstitial cystitis is a disease of unknown origin; in the last twenty years several epidemiological studies reported an increase in frequency. OBJECTIVE: To describe the symptoms, cystoscopic and histologic findings of 18 cases of interstitial cystitis. PATIENTS AND METHOD: A descriptive, retrospective and analytical study of 331 women with lower urinary tract symptoms studied in Urodifem de Occidente, (private Urogynecology Clinic), between January 2001 and April 2008. The diagnostic criterion was in agreement with the NIDDK and the Interstitial Cystitis DataBase Study. The statistical analysis was in interval scale means, standard deviations and ranges. Indeed Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. RESULTS: The most common symptoms were: urinary frequency (100%) nocturia (94.4%), urgency (72%), pain (66.6%), urgency-incontinence (16.7%). Endoscopic lesions were glomerular in 55% and Hunner ulcers in 44.5%. The severity of quality of life resulted in average of 16.7 +/- 2.9 and 15 +/- 2, p < 0.001. CONCLUSIONS: Urogynecologists must considerer interstitial cystitis when patients show symptoms of bladder irritability and associate pain with the bladder filling. The association of hematuria accompanied by long-term irritability and pain associated with the desire of urination suggests this disease. Cystoscopy is sufficient to confirm the diagnosis.
