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1.
Compr Psychiatry ; 52(3): 253-60, 2011.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21497218

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Many persons with schizophrenia experience poor insight or reflexive unawareness of the symptoms and consequences of their illness and, as a result, are at risk for treatment nonadherence and a range of negative outcomes. One recent theory regarding the origins of poor insight in schizophrenia has suggested that it may result, in part, from deficits in metacognitive capacity, or the ability to think about thinking, both one's own and the thinking of others. METHODS: Participants were 65 adults with a schizophrenia spectrum disorder in a postacute phase of illness living in the community. For all participants, we obtained measures of three domains of metacognition, including self-reflectivity, mastery, and perspective taking, using the Metacognitive Assessment Scale and the hinting test and three domains of insight, which were awareness of symptoms, treatment need, and consequences of illness, using the Scale to Assess Unawareness of Mental Disorder. Measures of neurocognition were also collected for potential use as covariates. RESULTS: Univariate correlations followed by stepwise multiple regressions, which controlled for neurocognition, indicated that self-reflectivity was significantly linked with awareness of symptoms, mastery with treatment need, and mastery and perspective taking were linked with awareness of consequences of illness. CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest that metacognition may be linked to insight in persons with schizophrenia independent of concurrent impairments in neurocognition.


Subject(s)
Awareness , Cognition , Patient Acceptance of Health Care/psychology , Schizophrenia/therapy , Schizophrenic Psychology , Self Concept , Adult , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Neuropsychological Tests , Psychiatric Status Rating Scales , Regression Analysis
2.
Appl Neuropsychol ; 15(4): 287-92, 2008.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19023746

ABSTRACT

The Rey 15-Item Memory Test II (Rey II) is a revised version of the original Rey Memory Test and is used as a measure of test-taking effort. In the present study, the concurrent validity of the Rey II was examined by comparing Rey II test scores to a well-established measure of symptom validity, the Test of Memory Malingering (TOMM). Retrospective chart review was conducted using the records of 60 veterans who were referred for outpatient neuropsychological testing and suspected of possible symptom exaggeration. Results of the study suggest that when compared to the TOMM, the Qualitative, as opposed to the Quantitative, scoring method of the Rey II was more discriminative, but showed both positive and negative predictive power that was unacceptably low, falling at .62 and .64, respectively. Clinical implications are discussed.


Subject(s)
Malingering/diagnosis , Malingering/psychology , Memory Disorders/diagnosis , Memory/physiology , Neuropsychological Tests , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Reproducibility of Results
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