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1.
Rev Neurol ; 70(7): 235-245, 2020 Apr 01.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32182370

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a common cause of death and disability in the paediatric population, although the literature on the Spanish population is scarce. From the perspective of early vulnerability, recent research findings suggest that early brain injury has worse sequelae and a higher risk of impact. AIMS: To analyse the intelligence profile, executive functions and behaviour, and examine the association between age at the time of the injury, severity of the TBI and environmental factors for cognitive and behavioural outcomes. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Seventy-one participants with moderate to severe TBI, from 6 to 16 years of age, were assessed with measures of intelligence (intelligence quotient), executive functions and behaviour. RESULTS: Children with TBI are at increased risk of disability in all aspects of intelligence, executive functions and behaviour. Children who suffered a traumatic brain injury in infancy and the preschool period had more overall effects on intelligence quotient and some aspects of the executive functions. CONCLUSIONS: Socioeconomic and cultural factors are the best predictors for intelligence quotient and behaviour. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the sequelae of TBI in children, which will help in rehabilitation planning and re-adaptation to functional life.


TITLE: Perfil y factores pronósticos en el traumatismo craneoencefálico en la edad pediátrica.Introducción. El traumatismo craneoencefálico (TCE) es una causa común de muerte y discapacidad en la población pediátrica, aunque la bibliografía en población española sea escasa. Desde la perspectiva de la vulnerabilidad temprana, los hallazgos de investigaciones recientes sugieren que la lesión cerebral temprana tiene peores secuelas y un mayor riesgo de impacto. Objetivos. Analizar el perfil de la inteligencia, las funciones ejecutivas y el comportamiento, y examinar la asociación de la edad a la lesión, la gravedad del TCE y los factores ambientales para los resultados cognitivos y conductuales. Pacientes y métodos. Setenta y un participantes con TCE moderado a grave, con edades entre 6 y 16 años, fueron evaluados con medidas de inteligencia (cociente intelectual), funciones ejecutivas y comportamiento. Resultados. Los niños con TCE tienen un mayor riesgo de discapacidad en todos los aspectos de inteligencia, funciones ejecutivas y comportamiento. Los niños que sufrieron una lesión cerebral traumática en la infancia y preescolar registraron más efectos globales en el cociente intelectual y algunos aspectos de las funciones ejecutivas. Conclusiones. Los factores socioeconómicos y culturales son los mejores predictores para el cociente intelectual y el comportamiento. Estos hallazgos contribuyen a una mejor comprensión de las secuelas de TCE en los niños para ayudar en la planificación de rehabilitación y la readaptación a la vida funcional.


Subject(s)
Behavior , Brain Injuries, Traumatic/complications , Brain Injuries, Traumatic/psychology , Executive Function , Intelligence , Adolescent , Child , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Injury Severity Score , Male , Prognosis , Time Factors
2.
Rev Neurol ; 68(11): 445-452, 2019 Jun 01.
Article in Spanish, English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31132133

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Traumatic brain injury is a common cause of acquired disability during childhood. Early interventions focusing on parenting practices may prove effective at reducing negative child outcomes. AIM: To determine the efficacy of a new counselling program aimed at parents and schools compared to a control group. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The main study sample was obtained from a paediatric hospital. The final sample consisted of 42 children aged between 6 and 16 years old. RESULTS: Comparing with normative data, pre-post comparisons between groups showed a significant improvement in the parent group with respect to the control group. CONCLUSIONS: The superiority of the parental intervention group over those of the control group was not only statistically significant, but also clinically substantial and meaningful. The results of this study suggest that children with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury can benefit from an intensive supported family treatment.


TITLE: Eficacia de una nueva intervencion de apoyo a padres y escuelas despues de un traumatismo craneoencefalico moderado o grave.Introduccion. El traumatismo craneoencefalico es una causa habitual de discapacidad adquirida durante la infancia. Las intervenciones tempranas que se centran en la participacion de los padres pueden resultar efectivas para reducir las disfunciones del niño. Objetivo. Determinar la eficacia de un nuevo programa de asesoramiento dirigido a padres y escuelas en comparacion con un grupo control. Pacientes y metodos. La muestra principal del estudio se obtuvo de un hospital pediatrico. La muestra final consistio en 42 niños de 6 a 16 años. Resultados. Comparando con los datos normativos, las comparaciones pre y post intragrupos mostraron una mejora significativa en el grupo de intervencion parental con respecto al grupo control. Conclusiones. La superioridad del grupo de intervencion parental sobre el grupo control no solo fue estadisticamente significativa, sino tambien clinicamente sustancial y relevante. Los resultados del estudio sugieren que los niños con traumatismo craneoencefalico moderado o grave pueden beneficiarse de un tratamiento familiar intensivo de apoyo.


Subject(s)
Brain Injuries, Traumatic/rehabilitation , Counseling , Parents/education , Patient Education as Topic , Schools , Teacher Training/organization & administration , Adolescent , Behavior Therapy , Brain Damage, Chronic/etiology , Brain Damage, Chronic/rehabilitation , Brain Injuries, Traumatic/epidemiology , Child , Child Behavior Disorders/etiology , Child Behavior Disorders/rehabilitation , Cognition Disorders/etiology , Cognition Disorders/rehabilitation , Education, Special , Female , Humans , Male , Parent-Child Relations , Parenting , Patient Education as Topic/organization & administration , Program Evaluation , Spain/epidemiology
3.
An. pediatr. (2003, Ed. impr.) ; 76(1): 23-29, ene. 2012. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-96330

ABSTRACT

Introducción: En los últimos años la adopción internacional ha aumentado considerablemente en nuestro país. China, Federación Rusa, Colombia y Etiopía suponen el 77% del total de las adopciones internacionales en España. Los aspectos cognitivos y conductuales son un factor muy importante para la adecuada adaptación social, familiar y escolar de estos niños. Objetivo: Describir los perfiles neuropsicológicos de un grupo de niños adoptados internacionalmente en Cataluña procedentes de China, Rusia, Colombia y Etiopía. Pacientes y métodos: Exploración neuropsicológica de 49 niños procedentes de adopción internacional (6 de origen chino, 24 de origen ruso, 13 de origen colombiano y 6 de origen etíope). Resultados: El grupo de origen chino muestra normalidad en todas las funciones evaluadas. El grupo de origen ruso presenta alteración en atención selectiva, fluencia verbal fonética, control de la impulsividad, mecánica y comprensión lectora y ortografía. El grupo de origen colombiano presenta alteración en el control de la impulsividad. El grupo de origen etíope muestra normalidad en todas las funciones evaluadas exceptuando un bajo dominio ortográfico. Conclusión: Los niños adoptados procedentes de Rusia presentan mayores dificultades neuropsicológicas que el resto. La mayoría de antecedentes previos a la adopción se desconocen, por lo que no podemos justificar el origen de estas dificultades. Algunas hipótesis relacionan el consumo materno de alcohol durante la gestación y la estancia en instituciones como posibles factores influyentes. Recomendamos la inclusión de valoraciones neuropsicológicas en los protocolos de salud de estos niños en caso de presentar signos sugestivos de trastorno cognitivo y/o conductual (AU)


Introduction: During the last years, International adoption has increased significantly in our country over the last few years. China, Russia, Colombia and Ethiopia represent 77% of international adoptions in Spain. Cognitive and behavioural aspects are very important for an adequate social, family and school integration of these children. Objective: To describe the neuropsychological profiles of a group of internationally adopted children in Catalonia from China, Russia, Colombia and Ethiopia.Patients and methods: Neuropsychological examination of 49 children from international adoption (6 of Chinese origin, 24 from Russia, 13 from Colombia and 6 of Ethiopian origin). Results: The group of Chinese origin obtained average scores of all functions evaluated. The Russian origin group was below the average for, selective attention, phonetic verbal fluency, control of impulsivity, mechanics and reading comprehension, and spelling. Scores on the impulse controlin the Colombian origin group were below average. The group of Ethiopian origin obtained average scores in all functions evaluated except for spelling difficulties. Conclusion: Children adopted from Russia have greater neuropsychological difficulties than the others. Most pre-adoption history is unknown; therefore we are unable to determine the origin of these difficulties. Maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy and the institutional environment could be influencing factors in neuropsychological delay. Inclusion of neuropsychological assessment in health protocols for these children is recommended if they develop suggestive signs of cognitive and/or behavioral impairment (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Adoption , Adaptation, Psychological , Cognition Disorders/epidemiology , Child Behavior Disorders/epidemiology , Neuropsychological Tests/statistics & numerical data , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/epidemiology
4.
An Pediatr (Barc) ; 76(1): 23-9, 2012 Jan.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21907653

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: During the last years, International adoption has increased significantly in our country over the last few years. China, Russia, Colombia and Ethiopia represent 77% of international adoptions in Spain. Cognitive and behavioural aspects are very important for an adequate social, family and school integration of these children. OBJECTIVE: To describe the neuropsychological profiles of a group of internationally adopted children in Catalonia from China, Russia, Colombia and Ethiopia. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Neuropsychological examination of 49 children from international adoption (6 of Chinese origin, 24 from Russia, 13 from Colombia and 6 of Ethiopian origin). RESULTS: The group of Chinese origin obtained average scores of all functions evaluated. The Russian origin group was below the average for, selective attention, phonetic verbal fluency, control of impulsivity, mechanics and reading comprehension, and spelling. Scores on the impulse control in the Colombian origin group were below average. The group of Ethiopian origin obtained average scores in all functions evaluated except for spelling difficulties. CONCLUSION: Children adopted from Russia have greater neuropsychological difficulties than the others. Most pre-adoption history is unknown; therefore we are unable to determine the origin of these difficulties. Maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy and the institutional environment could be influencing factors in neuropsychological delay. Inclusion of neuropsychological assessment in health protocols for these children is recommended if they develop suggestive signs of cognitive and/or behavioral impairment.


Subject(s)
Adoption/psychology , Neuropsychological Tests , Child , China/ethnology , Colombia/ethnology , Ethiopia/ethnology , Female , Humans , Male , Russia/ethnology , Spain
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