ABSTRACT
Esta investigación tiene como objetivo determinar la etiología y sensibilidad antibiótica de los gérmenes aislados en urocultivos. El estudio es descriptivo, observacional, retrospectivo, de corte transversal; realizado en el Departamento de Pediatría del Hospital Nacional Arzobispo Loayza, en un periodo de 2 años. La población consistió en 108 pacientes, quienes contaban con 113 resultados. El rango de edades fue de 1 mes-17 años, siendo predominante el grupo de 6 meses - 2 años (31 por ciento), 71.1 por ciento de género femenino y 28.3 por ciento masculino; la procedencia se distribuyó en consultorios (47.8 por ciento), emergencia (29.2 por ciento) y hospitalización (23 por ciento); se identificó pacientes sin patología previa (71.1 por ciento), y antecedente de ITU (22.1 por ciento). El agente etiológico más frecuente fue Escherichia coli (87 por ciento); la mayor sensibilidad fue a nitrofurantoína (86.7 por ciento) y gentamicina (76.9 por ciento); sensibilidad intermedia a TMP- SMX (32.7 por ciento) y resistencia a ampicilina (46.9 por ciento) y ceftriaxona (30.09 por ciento). Escherichia coli presentó sensibilidad frente a nitrofurantoína (100 por ciento), gentamicina (80.6 por ciento), sensibilidad intermedia a TMP-SMX (37.6 por ciento), y resistencia a ampicilina (50 por ciento), ceftriaxona (33.7 por ciento). Como conclusiones señalamos que el agente etiológico principal fue Escherichia coli, quien posee una buena sensibilidad frente a nitrofurantoína, gentamicina, y una moderada resistencia frente a ampicilina, ceftriaxona. La población fue predominantemente femenina, atendida principalmente en consultorio externo, a mayoría de casos sin patología previa.
This research aims to determine the etiology and antibiotic sensitivity of isolates from urine cultures. This study is descriptive, observational, retrospective, cross-sectional, conducted in the Department of Pediatrics of the National Hospital Arzobispo Loayza in a period of 2 years. The population consisted of 108 patients who had 113 results. The age range was from 1 month - 17 years, being the predominant group of 6 months - 2 years (31 per cent), 71.1 per cent of female and 28.3 per cent male, the source is distributed at clinics (47.8 per cent), emergency (29.2 per cent) and hospitalization (23 per cent); patients without disease (71.1 per cent), history of UTI (22.1 per cent) were identified. The most common aetiological agent was Escherichia coli (87 per cent); was the most sensitive to nitrofurantoin (86.7 per cent) and gentamicin (76.9 per cent); intermediate sensitivity, TMP-SMX (32.7 per cent); and resistance to ampicillin (46.9 per cent) and ceftriaxone (30.09 per cent). Escherichia coli showed sensitivity to nitrofurantoin (100 per cent), gentamicin (80.6 per cent), intermediate sensitivity to TMP-SMX (37.6 per cent), and resistance to ampicillin (50 per cent), ceftriaxone (33.7 per cent). Conclusions As pointed out that the main etiological agent was Escherichia coli, which has a good sensitivity to nitrofurantoin, gentamicin, and moderate resistance to ampicillin, ceftriaxone; the population is predominantly female, served primarily as an outpatient, most cases without pathology.
Subject(s)
Male , Female , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Anti-Bacterial Agents , Urinary Tract Infections/etiology , Culture Media , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Urinalysis , Observational Study , Retrospective Studies , Cross-Sectional StudiesABSTRACT
Objetivo: Determinar la incidencia y los factores asociados en la recurrencia de sangrado post terapia endoscópica con inyección de adrenalina en pacientes con sangrado ulceroso de un hospital de referencia nacional. Materiales y Métodos: Diseño analítico longitudinal. Se revisaron historias clínicas de pacientes con diagnóstico de Hemorragia Digestiva Alta y con tratamiento endoscópico de inyección con adrenalina entre el 2005 y 2011 en el Hospital Nacional Daniel Alcides Carrión, Perú. Se midieron las variables resangrado ulceroso, factores de riesgo pre-endoscópicos y endoscópicos. Los datos obtenidos fueron sometidos a un análisis bivariado (X2, Test exacto de Fisher y RR) y a un análisis multivariado. Resultados: Se incluyeron 111 pacientes. La incidencia de resangrado fue de 20,7%. El análisis multivariado reveló que el sangrado activo (p=0,002) y el uso de anticoagulantes (p=0,035) fueron variables asociadas con resangrado. Conclusión: La incidencia de resangrado fue de 20,7% y los factores asociados fueron Sangrado Activo y el uso de anticoagulantes.
Aim: to determine the incidence and associated factors with Upper Gastrointestinal bleeding after injection therapy with adrenaline in a general hospital. Methods: Study design: longitudinal and analytic. Clinical records of patients with Upper Gastrointestinal bleeding who received injection therapy with adrenalin during 2005 and 2011 in Daniel Alcides Carrion Hospital, Peru were reviewed. Rebleeding and pre-endoscopic and endoscopic associated factors were sought. A bivariate (Chi Square, Fisher Exact test and RR) and multivariate analysis were performed. Results: A total of 111 patients were included. Rebleeding rate was 20.7%. Multivariate analysis showed active bleeding (p=0.002) and anticoagulant drugs (p=0.035) were associated with rebleeding. Conclusion: Rebleeding rate was 20,7% and active bleeding as well as anticoagulant drugs use were associated factors.
Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Epinephrine/therapeutic use , Peptic Ulcer Hemorrhage/drug therapy , Vasoconstrictor Agents/therapeutic use , Endoscopy, Digestive System , Follow-Up Studies , Incidence , Injections , Multivariate Analysis , Peptic Ulcer Hemorrhage/epidemiology , Peptic Ulcer Hemorrhage/etiology , Recurrence , Risk Factors , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
AIM: To determine the incidence and associated factors with upper gastrointestinal bleeding after injection therapy with adrenaline in a general hospital. STUDY DESIGN: longitudinal and analytic. Clinical records of patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding who received injection therapy with adrenalin during 2005 and 2011 in Daniel Alcides Carrion Hospital, Peru were reviewed. Rebleeding and pre-endoscopic and endoscopic associated factors were sought. A bivariate (Chi Square, Fisher Exact test and RR) and multivariate analysis were performed. RESULTS: A total of 111 patients were included. Rebleeding rate was 20.7%. Multivariate analysis showed active bleeding (p=0.002) and anticoagulant drugs (p=0.035) were associated with rebleeding. CONCLUSION: Rebleeding rate was 20.7% and active bleeding as well as anticoagulant drugs use were associated factors.
Subject(s)
Epinephrine/therapeutic use , Peptic Ulcer Hemorrhage/drug therapy , Vasoconstrictor Agents/therapeutic use , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Endoscopy, Digestive System , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Incidence , Injections , Male , Middle Aged , Multivariate Analysis , Peptic Ulcer Hemorrhage/epidemiology , Peptic Ulcer Hemorrhage/etiology , Recurrence , Risk Factors , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Objetivo: Identificar factores asociados a la ruptura de aneurismas cerebrales en pacientes del Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati Martins (HNERM) en el año 2009. Métodos: Estudio analítico de corte transversal. Se analizaron 69 historias clínicas de hospitalización, 51 tuvieron diagnóstico de hemorragia subaracnoidea (HSA) aneurismática y 18 de aneurisma cerebral sin ruptura. La edad, sexo, hipertensión arterial, obesidad, diabetes mellitus tipo 2, hipercolesterolemia, consumo de alcohol, tabaco y café; localización y tamaño del aneurisma fueron evaluados como factores asociados mediante las pruebas de Chi-Cuadrado, t de Student; Odds Ratio (OR). Resultados: La localización más frecuente de los aneurismas fue en la arteria comunicante posterior (37.3%). Se encontraron seis casos de aneurismas múltiples, de estos, un 66.6% culminaron en HSA. Se encontró diferencias significativas entre el sexo femenino (p=0.007, OR=0.09; IC95%: 0.01-0.74), la localización del aneurisma intracraneal (p=0.031, p<0.05) relacionados con el suceso de ruptura de aneurismas cerebrales. Conclusiones: En los pacientes del HNERM, durante el año 2009, la ubicación del aneurisma cerebral y el sexo femenino han sido factores asociados al desarrollo de HSA aneurismática. Los resultados no significativos obtenidos en los demás factores postulados pueden explicarse por una insuficiente recolección de datos en la historia clínica.
Objective: To identify factors associated with the rupture of cerebral aneurysms in patients at Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati Martins (HNERM) in 2009. Methods: Cross-sectional analytical study. We analyzed medical records of 69 hospitalized, 51 were diagnosed with aneurysmal SAH and 18 unruptured cerebral aneurysm. Age, sex, hypertension, obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, alcohol, snuff and coffee, location and size of the aneurysm were evaluated as factors associated with the Chi-square, Student t, Odds Ratio (OR). Results: The most common location of aneurysms was the posterior communicating artery (37.3%). We found six cases of multiple aneurysms of these, 66.6% resulted in SAH. Significant differences were found between female gender (p=0.007, OR=0.09, CI95% 0.01 to 0.74), the location of intracranial aneurysm (p=0.031, p<0.05) related to the event of rupture of cerebral aneurysms. Conclusions: In patients from the HNERM, in 2009, the location of cerebral aneurysms and female sex were factors associated with development of aneurysmatic SAH. The non significant results obtained in other factors postulates can be explained by insufficient data collection on medical history.
