Subject(s)
Cicatrix , Cicatrix/physiopathology , England , General Surgery/history , History, 20th Century , Humans , Wound HealingSubject(s)
Surgery, Plastic , Axilla/surgery , Breast/surgery , Cryosurgery , Female , Hand/surgery , Humans , Hyperhidrosis/surgery , Mastectomy , Methods , Skin Transplantation , Transplantation, AutologousSubject(s)
Postoperative Complications/prevention & control , Thrombophlebitis/prevention & control , Anticoagulants/therapeutic use , Bandages , Blood Flow Velocity , Dextrans/therapeutic use , Dicumarol/therapeutic use , Economics, Medical , Electric Stimulation , Female , Fibrinogen , Fibrinolysis , Heparin/therapeutic use , Humans , Locomotion , Male , Middle Aged , Platelet Aggregation , Pressure , Thrombophlebitis/diagnosis , Thrombophlebitis/etiologyABSTRACT
The syndrome of transsexualism is now regarded as a dinstinct entity separate from transvestism and homosexuality (Benjamin, 1966; Green and Money, 1969). It refers to those patients who since childhood have been convinced of their wrong sex assignment and who wish to attain the sexual characteristics of the opposite sex and to live as a member of that sex. The present report is an initial one referring to the first group of transsexual patients studied at a postgraduate teaching hospital by a multidisciplinary team. Their study has three aims: first, to compare this group of patients with other series; second, to evolve a surgical technique of sex reassignment; and, finally, to assess the success of such surgery in allowing the patients to attain a satisfactory adjustment in their new gender role.
Subject(s)
Transsexualism/surgery , Adult , England , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Postoperative Complications , Rectovaginal Fistula/etiology , Thrombophlebitis/etiology , Urethra , Urethral Stricture/etiology , Urinary Fistula/etiology , Vaginal Diseases/etiology , Wound Infection/etiologySubject(s)
Anatomy/instrumentation , Anthropometry/instrumentation , Finger Joint , Fingers/anatomy & histology , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle AgedSubject(s)
Bandages , Fibrinolysis , Leg/blood supply , Postoperative Complications/prevention & control , Thrombophlebitis/prevention & control , Thrombosis/prevention & control , Animals , Blood Coagulation Tests , Blood Flow Velocity , Clot Retraction , Dogs , Femoral Vein , Hindlimb/blood supply , Humans , Neoplasms/surgery , Postoperative Care , Surgical Procedures, Operative , Time , Time FactorsSubject(s)
Transsexualism , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Parent-Child Relations , Psychosexual Development , Sibling RelationsABSTRACT
The concentration of antibacterial agents in the interstitial tissue fluid has been studied in an experimental model using implanted perforated Silastic capsules (tissue cages). Tissue fluid concentrations were always lower than the initial peak concentration in the serum, but for those drugs that were more slowly excreted the tissue fluid was similar to the serum concentration after six hours. In contrast the concentration in the tissue fluid for those drugs that are excreted rapidly was unpredictable, being either negligible or maintained at concentrations significantly better than in the serum. There was no evidence of accumulation in tissue fluid with regular dosage. These results indicate that the tissues may never be exposed to an adequate concentration of some antibacterial agents. This may be of clinical importance in tissue infections. Antibiotics which are rapidly excreted should be given in large enough doses and often enough for adequate blood levels to be maintained, so allowing equilibrium with tissue fluid to be achieved.
Subject(s)
Anti-Infective Agents/analysis , Extracellular Space/analysis , Ampicillin/analysis , Ampicillin/blood , Animals , Anti-Infective Agents/administration & dosage , Anti-Infective Agents/blood , Dogs , Gentamicins/analysis , Gentamicins/blood , Lymph/analysis , Methods , Silicone Elastomers , Sulfamethoxazole/analysis , Sulfamethoxazole/blood , Time Factors , Trimethoprim/analysis , Trimethoprim/bloodSubject(s)
Leg/blood supply , Lymphatic System/physiopathology , Animals , Blood Pressure , Dogs , Lymphedema/physiopathology , Rabbits , Rats , Regional Blood Flow , Species SpecificitySubject(s)
Finger Joint/physiopathology , Metacarpus , Humans , Methods , Rheumatic Diseases/physiopathology , RotationSubject(s)
Extracellular Space , Acid-Base Equilibrium , Animals , Bicarbonates/analysis , Body Fluids/metabolism , Carbon Dioxide/analysis , Chlorides/blood , Chlorides/metabolism , Dogs , Female , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Oxygen/analysis , Potassium/blood , Potassium/metabolism , Pressure , Serum Albumin, Radio-Iodinated , Sodium/blood , Sodium/metabolism , Sodium Isotopes , Urea/blood , Urea/metabolismABSTRACT
Forty-one patients out of a larger series undergoing elective surgery were examined for the presence of venous thrombosis in the legs by means of the (125)I-fibrinogen technique. The radioisotope data were analysed by three different methods. The percentage uptake was calculated and, by the generally accepted difference of 15%, 22 patients had evidence of thrombosis. The statistical index, which takes account of the errors due to radioactivity counting inherent in the percentage uptake calculation, indicated thrombosis in 36 patients. The relative uptake index, which allows for the errors due to unequal distribution of radioactivity throughout the normal limb as well as the errors due to radioactivity counting, provided evidence of thrombosis in a total of 34 patients, compared with only 22 patients when assessed by the "15%" criterion.
