The Fathers' Fear of Childbirth Scale: a Turkish validity and reliability study.

PURPOSE: Fathers' Fear of Childbirth Scale (FFCS) was developed specifically to measure fathers' fear of childbirth. The aim of this study was to investigate the Turkish validity and reliability of the FFCS. DESIGN: This study used a cross-sectional and methodological design. METHODS: The population of the study consists of 315 pregnant spouses who were registered at a hospital in Ankara, Turkey, between August 11 and 5 November 2021. The mean age of expectant fathers are 31.57 (5.88). After translating the FFCS to Turkish, a confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to examine its construct validity. Concurrent validity was established by examining the correlation between the FFCS-Turkish with the Fear of Birth Scale (FOBS) and the male version of the Childbirth Fear-Prior to Pregnancy scale (M-CFPP). Both internal consistency and test-retest reliability were examined for the FFCS-Turkish. Results: The scope validity index of the scale was found to be 0.96. Based on the results of confirmatory factor analysis, a two-factor structure with 17 items was verified. The fit indices were found to be χ2 = 309.610, χ2/df = 2.76, root mean square error = 0.075, goodness of fit index = 0.89, comparative fit index = 0.93, and adjusted goodness of fit index = 0.86. All fit indices were at good levels. A strong correlation was found between the FFCS and the FOBS and M-CFPP scales within the scope of concurrent validity. Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient for the entire scale was 0.93. The test-retest reliability was also high. CONCLUSIONS: The FFCS is a valid and reliable scale and measurement tool that can be used on Turkish expectant fathers.

The Effect of Fear of COVID-19 on Women's Attitudes toward Cancer Screening and Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Purpose: The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of fear of COVID-19 on women's attitudes toward cancer screening and healthy lifestyle behaviors. Method: The study is of descriptive and cross-sectional type. The sample of the study consisted of 221 women living in Turkey. Research data were collected using Introductory Information Form, Attitude Scale for Cancer Screening, The Fear of COVID-19 Scale and Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors Scale II (HLBS-II). Results: It was found out that 92.3% of the women did not have cancer screening during the pandemic period, 33.0% of the women who did not have it because they were afraid of the contamination, 33.0% thought they were healthy, 13.1% did not have screening tests because they thought that screening tests were not easy and accessible during the pandemic period. While no significant relationship was found between women's attitudes toward cancer screenings and fear of COVID-19 (P > 0.05), a positive significant relationship was found between women's attitudes toward cancer screenings and spiritual growth, health responsibility and interpersonal relations scores, which are sub-dimensions of the HLBS-II scale (P > 0.05). In addition, it was found out that women's fear of COVID-19 affected interpersonal relations and stress management (P < 0.05). Conclusion: In our study, it was concluded that most of the women did not have cancer screening during the pandemic, and that the fear of COVID-19 affected such healthy lifestyle behaviors as interpersonal relations and stress management.

The relationship of perceived social support, personality traits and self-esteem of the pregnant women with the fear of childbirth.

This research was conducted to examine the relationship of perceived social support, personality traits, and self-esteem of pregnant women with fear of childbirth. The study was performed between April 15, 2016 and May 15, 2016 using face-to-face interviews with 128 pregnant women who were at 28-40 weeks of pregnancy. A negative correlation between the fear of childbirth and the levels of social support perceived by pregnant women and a positive correlation between the fear of childbirth and self-esteem were observed. Furthermore, a negative correlation between the fear of childbirth and extraversion, self-discipline, and openness to development and a positive correlation between the fear of childbirth and neurotic personality traits were noted. Hence, we propose that social support status, personality traits, and self-esteem of pregnant women should be viewed as risk factors for the fear of childbirth.

Investigation of the effect of pregnant women's childbirth-related Internet use on fear of childbirth.

This research was carried out to examine the effect of childbirth-related Internet use by pregnant women on fear of childbirth (FOC). The descriptive study was conducted with 350 pregnant women who applied to the Outpatient Polyclinic of Gynaecology and Obstetrics. Of the pregnant women who used the Internet, 72.9% did so to research information about childbirth. The pregnant women used the Internet mostly to obtain information about coping with labour pain (43.4%), the delivery process (46.9%), the needs list at delivery (39.4%), about C-section/epidural analgesia for labour (26.8%), and about the environment of the delivery room (25.7%). It was determined that there was a statistically significant difference (p < .05) between the delivery-related video viewing status of the pregnant women, the mean score of the W-DEQ Version A (p < .05), and the FOC was lower in those who watched videos about delivery.IMPACT STATEMENTWhat is already known on this subject? Previous studies have shown that pregnant women frequently use the Internet as a source of information about childbirth.What do the results of this study add? The findings of this study reveal that watching videos and listening to or reading the narrations significantly affected the FOC.What are the implications of these findings for clinical practice or further research? Nurses who provide preconception and antenatal care should consider Internet use as a risk factor for FOC and should guide pregnant women to reliable sources.

A discriminational attitude and behavior in the healthcare field: Homophobia level in healthcare professionals working in primary health services and the affecting factors.

PURPOSE: To investigate the homophobia level among the healthcare professionals working in primary healthcare services and the affecting factors. DESIGN AND METHODS: This descriptive and cross-sectional study conducted between November 2018 and April 2019, included 184 healthcare professionals. FINDINGS: The mean total score of the Hudson and Ricketts Homophobia Scale was 103.55 ± 30.47. There was a statistically significant difference between the marital status of the healthcare professionals, what they felt during the care/treatment of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and intersex (LGBTI) individuals, level of knowledge about such individuals, willingness to know more about them, and the status of having LGBTI acquaintances and the median homophobia score. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: The results will be beneficial for LGBTI individuals, who have problems in communicating with primary healthcare personnel, to benefit from the services effectively.

Correlation between postpartum depression and spousal support and factors affecting postpartum depression.

This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between postpartum depression (PPD) and women's perceived spousal support during the early postpartum period and the prevalence of PPD and affecting factors. Data were collected using a Personal Information Form, the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS) and the Perceived Spousal Support among Women in Early Postpartum Period Scale (PSSAWEPP). The study was completed with 181 women. The prevalence of PPD was found as 28.2%. A significant negative correlation was found between the total EPDS score and total PSSAWEPP score and subscale scores of emotional support, social support and physical support (p < 0.01). It was also found that as spousal support perceived by women increased, PPD risk decreased. In our study, it was observed that spousal violence (aOR = 5.69, 95% CI: 1.65-19.55) and having an unintended pregnancy (aOR = 0.24, CI: 0.11-0.54) were two factors that significantly affected PPD.

Virtual behaviors affecting adolescent mental health: The usage of Internet and mobile phone and cyberbullying.

PROBLEM: An important environmental factor affecting adolescents today is undoubtedly technological tools. This descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate the relationship of adolescents' Internet and mobile phone usage, cyberbullying behaviors, and their self-reported mental health. METHODS: The sample of the study consisted of a total of 426 students including 215 male students and 211 female students. A questionnaire was prepared by the researcher to determine the sociodemographic and personal characteristics and virtual behavioral characteristics of individuals. The Brief Symptom Inventory was used to determine the participants' mental status. FINDINGS: It was found that adolescents' daily Internet usage duration, Internet usage purpose, the place where they use Internet, cyberbullying, and exposure to cyberbullying were related to the adolescents' self-reported mental health (p < .05). CONCLUSION: Several aspects of the virtual behaviors of the adolescents were associated with their sense of mental health issues. In this context, the school health nurse should raise awareness among adolescents about the use of technology and how it might impact their mental wellbeing.

Moral sensitivity, ethical experiences and related factors of pediatric nurses: a cross- sectional, correlational study / Sensibilidad moral, experiencias éticas y factores relacionados de enfermeras pediatras: un estudio transversal de correlación / Sensibilidade moral, experiências éticas e fatores relacionados da enfermagem pediátrica: um estudo transversal correlacional

Abstract: 14. The aim of this study is to determine the ethical experiences and the level of moral sensitivity and related factors of pediatric nurses working in hospital settings. Designed as descriptive and cross-sectional, the study was undertaken at three public hospitals in Konya and Ankara, Turkey and included the participation of a total of 200 pediatric nurses. The Moral Sensitivity Questionnaire (MSQ) was used for evaluation of the ethical sensitivities of the nurses. Of the 200 nurses, 46.5% had working experience of between 1-5 years, 58% were married, 18.6% had not undergone any ethics education, and 59.5% held a bachelor's degree. A large majority (95%) of the pediatric nurses reported that they had encountered ethical problems. The mean moral sensitivity score of the nurses was 95.89±24.34, with higher scores in this area being observed in the nurses who were in the older age group and had worked longer than others (p<0.05). The mean moral sensitivity score of the nurses was determined to be at a medium level and was found to be influenced by the age group they were in and the length of time they had worked.

Resumen: 18. El objetivo de este estudio consiste en determinar las experiencias éticas y el nivel de sensibilidad moral y factores relacionados de enfermeras pediatras que trabajan en hospitales. El diseño del estudio es descriptivo y transversal y se realizó en tres hospitales públicos en Konya y Ankara en Turquía, incluyendo la participación de un total de 200 enfermeras pediatras. Para evaluar la sensibilidad ética de las enfermeras se usó el Cuestionario sobre Sensibilidad Moral (CSM). De las 200 enfermeras, 46,5% tenía experiencia de trabajo entre uno y cinco años, 58% era casada, 18,6% no había recibido educación en ética y 59,5% era licenciada. Una gran mayoría (95%) de las enfermeras pediatras informó que había experimentado problemas éticos. El puntaje medio de sensibilidad moral fue de 95.89±24.34, con puntajes más altos para las enfermeras de mayor edad y que habían trabajado más tiempo (p<0.05). Se determinó que el puntaje medio de sensibilidad moral era de nivel medio y que estaba influenciado por el grupo etario y el tiempo de experiencia de trabajo.

Resumo: 22. O objetivo deste estudo é determinar as experiências éticas e o nível de sensibilidade moral e fatores relacionados da atuação da enfermagem pediátrica no ambiente hospitalar. Concebido como descritivo e transversal, o estudo foi realizado em três hospitais públicos em Konya e Ankara (Turquia) e contou com a participação de um total de 200 enfermeiros pediátricos. O questionário de sensibilidade Moral (MSQ) foi usado para avaliar a sensibilidade ética dos enfermeiros. Dos 200 enfermeiros, 46,5% tinham experiência profissional entre 1 a 5 anos, 58% eram casados, 18,6% não tinham qualquer instrução de estudos de ética e 59,5% tinham graduação. Uma grande maioria (95%) dos enfermeiros pediatras relataram que já encararam problemas éticos. A pontuação média acerca da sensibilidade moral dos enfermeiros foi de 95.89±24.34, com notas mais altas no grupo em que os enfermeiros estavam na faixa etária mais velha e tinham trabalhado mais do que outros (p < 0,05). A pontuação média de sensibilidade moral dos enfermeiros foi determinada em um nível médio e foi identificada pela influência da faixa etária e de tempo que tinham trabalhado.

Retrospective analysis of episiotomy prevalence.

OBJECTIVE: This study was performed to determine the rate of episiotomy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This retrospective was conducted in 3 state hospitals located in 3 cities in the Central Anatolia region of Turkey. Ethics committee approval was received for this study. Also, institutional permissions from the institutions where the study was conducted were obtained before the study. The sample of the study consisted of 8587 women. The data of the study were collected by analyzing birth records in archive records. RESULTS: The average age of the women was 26.16±5.9 years, the average number of deliveries was 2.19±1.2, and 52.0% of the women who gave birth via vaginal delivery underwent episiotomy. The rate of episiotomy was found to be 93.3% in primipara women and 30.2% in multipara women. It was determined that neonatal weight did not affect the episiotomy rate, and that neonatal height was higher in deliveries with episiotomy and suture. Also, it was determined that as the age and parity of the women decreased, the rate of episiotomy increased. CONCLUSION: The rate of episiotomy was observed to be high, especially in primipara women.